提高公路货物运输能力促进钢铁物流快速发展

钢铁业的发展带动了钢铁物流的快速增长。钢铁企业从一开始建立就拥有自己的公路货运企业,其发展物流机会更大。运输是物流的关键环节,但运输做得再好也不是物流,公路货运企业应在做好企业内部物流的基础上适时发展综合物流。     

青藏高原农牧区社会保障制度现状、问题与发展

建立健全农村社会保障体系是近年来农村工作的热点和难点问题,而青藏高原农牧区社会保障建设更为至关重要。现阶段青藏高原农牧区的社会保障有了一定发展,但是仍存在着一些问题。需要从不同的角度对这些问题进行探讨和分析。反思青藏高原农牧区社会保障内在因素与解决对策。本文旨在从青藏高原农牧区社会保障的现实状况和存在问题出发,探究影响其发展的制约因素,进而提出完善青藏高原农牧区社会保障的建议。     

高高原航线运行控制研究

全球的高高原机场里,中国高高原机场数量所占的比例最高,且是运行难度最大的区域。为了更好地对高高原机场的航线进行运行控制,实现航班运行风险在可接受的水平,达到航班运行安全高效的目的,对空客A319-115机型在高高原航线的运行控制,从人、机、环、管四个维度做了深入的研究分析。结果表明高高原机场的运行环境是复杂多变的,高高原航线运行风险大,需要对不同的风险进行精准的运行控制。     

基于航空运行需求的高高原机场温度特征分析——以林芝机场为例

高高原机场在地方经济发展中发挥着至关重要的作用,但温度异常会对运行效率和安全产生直接影响。对林芝机场2006—2020年温度数据进行统计分析,结果表明：机场全年1—8月升温慢,9—12月降温快;机场夏季日较差最小,在10 ℃左右,冬季最大,在15 ℃左右;机场低温日（日最低温度＜0 ℃）集中在12月和1月,高温日（日最高温度＞20 ℃）集中在6—9月;机场平均温度呈现缓慢上升趋势,约为0.22 ℃/15 a,夏季升温趋势为0.28 ℃/15 a,冬季升温更达到了0.51 ℃/15 a。     

黄土高原地区生态旅游开发策略研究

生态旅游的内涵决定了在环境脆弱区进行生态旅游开发的必要性和特色优势，首先提出生态旅游的概念，认为生态旅游是在具有一定自然生态景观、社会景观和环保教育区域所开展的观光、参与、研究等活动，并可促进旅游可持续发展。我国黄土高原地区具有丰富而独特生态旅游资源，在分析黄土高原地区生态旅游资源特色的基础上，综合其开发现状与前景，提出黄土高原的七大分区策略，并对每一个分区的开发主题进行了定位。分别是：太行风光生态旅游区、黄土风情生态旅游区、汾渭谷地文物古迹生态旅游区、草原风沙景观生态旅游区、宁夏回族生态旅游区、兰州综合生态旅游区、青东高原宗教文化生态旅游区。为黄土高原地区生态旅游开发、规划提供参考。     

Australian wine industry competitiveness: why so slow to emerge?

Despite favourable growing conditions, Australia's production or exports of wine did not become significant until the 1890s. Both grew in the 1920s, but only because of government support. Once that support was removed in the late 1940s, production plateaued and exports diminished: only two per cent of wine production was exported during 1975–1985. Yet over the next two decades, Australia's wine production quadrupled and the share exported rose to two‐thirds – before falling somewhat in the next 10 years. This paper explains why it took so long for Australia's production and competitive advantage in wine to emerge, why it took off spectacularly after the mid‐1980s and why it fell in the 10 years to 2016. It concludes that despite the recent downturn in the industry's fortunes, the country's international competitiveness is now firmly established and commensurate with its ideal wine‐growing climate, notwithstanding the likelihood of further boom‐slump cycles in the decades ahead.     

Evaluating the coupling effects of climate variability and vegetation restoration on ecosystems of the Loess Plateau,China

Restoring disturbed and over-exploited ecosystems is an important part of mitigating human pressures on natural ecosystems. An ambitious ecological restoration program, the Grain for Green Program (GFGP), was launched in 1999 in China. We selected the Loess Plateau (LP) as a case study, and evaluated ecosystem changes between 2000 and 2012 using biophysical models, observation records, and literature data. It was observed that both the warming and wetting of climate and the ecological program promoted vegetation growth and biomass production (i.e., carbon sequestration). Overall ecosystem patterns were relatively stable; grassland, residential land, and forest increased in area, while farmland area decreased slightly. Increasing precipitation throughout the study period was related to fluctuations in soil retention and hydrological regulation. Vegetation restoration induced by climate variability and the ecological program played a significant role in soil retention enhancement, which also substantially reduced sediment load. The land-use conversion in ecological restoration program promoted soil carbon sequestration, but featured differences in conversion types and rainfall zones. The ecosystem changes recorded in the LP, which resulted from both the ecological program and climate variability, might be temporary improvements rather than fundamental ecosystem shifts. The success of this ecological restoration in the LP exemplifies the positive effects of environmental policies and the necessity of adopting an adaptive management approach. However, the current assessment was not comprehensive, as it involved only three dominant regulating services, and there were still trade-offs among multiple ecosystem services. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the interactions and trade-offs among ecosystem services is required to explore in the context of emerging climate change, so as to support environmental management that maximizes ecosystem benefits to human well-being.     

建设复合型产业城镇是青海省建设高原美丽城镇示范省的必由之路

青海省在建设高原美丽城镇示范省的过程中必须走建设复合型产业城镇的道路,把有限的社会资源集中起来,形成城镇产业体系完整、社会服务体系优质高效的城乡产业深度融合的发展模式。这样可以实现城乡居民共同富裕的社会发展目标。这是青海省建设高原美丽城镇示范省、实现青海省城乡和谐发展的必由之路。     

黄土高原粮食生产潜力与增产配套技术

计算出黄土高原水土流失区各类粮食生产潜力,采用Ｈｅｌｍｕｎ ｌｉｅｔｈ估算式计算了全区粮食气候生产潜力。提出了粮食持续的战略对策。为正确指导粮食的区域平衡政策提供可靠的科学依据。     

黄土丘陵区水土流失的环境经济学分析

在对国内外生态破坏经济损失研究概况综述的基础上，以黄土丘陵区宁夏固原县为例，分别将水土流失造成的养分损失、水分损失和其它直接经济损失货币化，就水土流失对区域外的正、负外部性总量进行衡量；探讨了区域外部性的解决途径。