节庆活动参与者收获研究——以第16届苏州国际旅游节为例

本文以第16届苏州国际旅游节参与者为调查对象,研究节庆活动参与者的收获,探讨苏州国际旅游节对"家在苏州"品牌构建的作用。通过对调查数据进行因子分析、研究,发现节庆活动参与者收获有6种类型:"人际交往,拓宽视野"、"获取信息,转变认识"、"个人发展,愉悦享受"、"自我认知,和谐渴望"、"改变印象,增强理解"、"降低压抑,提升信心"。运用多元方差分析比较苏州本地居民和外来者的收获差异,旨在帮助相关组织和部门能更好地借助苏州国际旅游节的平台去构建"家在苏州"品牌。     

关于宽带网络接入技术发展趋势的研究

随着Internet的飞速发展,用户数目成倍增长,多媒体信息在网络中飞速普及,对于网络带宽的需求越来越大.为了满足用户不断增长的需求,各种宽带网络技术如雨后春笋般的不断涌现.例如xDSL(数字用户线路)、LMDS(本地多点分配系统、宽带卫星专线接入、HFE、Cable Modem、光纤以及网等.     

企业竞争行动的差异性及相关性——中国家电企业的实证研究

企业所采取的具体的竞争行动是动态竞争研究中的基本变量,竞争行动的数量和质量是企业获取动态竞争优势的重要工具.论文以中国主要家电企业为研究对象,首先,界定了竞争行动的概念并对竞争行动的类型进行划分,进而确定了竞争行动样本采集的方法.其次,检索了中国电子报上2001-2010年10年间关于中国主要家电企业竞争行为的81647个文章题目,对其中的近2130篇文章进行了内容分析,从中共收集了1866个竞争行动.在此基础上,对中国主要家电企业的竞争行动基本数据进行了较为细致的分析,分析了企业间竞争行动存在的差异性及竞争行动之间的相关性,为进一步深入探讨竞争行动的规律及其对竞争结果的影响和作用机制提供坚实的基础     

对中东部分国家进口石脑油内外检验结果分析

通过对进口石脑油国内外双方检验结果分析：有100%批次的环烷烃、88.89%批次的烷烃、77.78%批次的初馏点、88.89%批次的硫含量为负偏差,有88.89%批次的烯烃、100%批次的相对密度为正偏差;个别批次的初馏点、相对密度、硫含量内外检验结果差值及对应项目的内外检验结果平均差值相对较大;芳烃、10%馏出温度、50%馏出温度、90%馏出温度及终馏点内外测定结果各有大小;实际胶质和辛烷值内外检验结果较相近;个别批次中的饱和蒸汽压我方结果有大于外方结果的现象;铅含量检验结果我方比外方结果相对精确。     

Trade responses to geographic frictions: A decomposition using micro-data

A large literature has shown that geographic frictions reduce trade, but has not clarified precisely why. In this paper, we provide some insight into why such frictions matter by examining what parts of trade these frictions reduce most. Using data that track manufacturers’ shipments within the US on an exceptionally fine grid, we find that the pattern of shipments is extremely localized. Shipments within 5-digit zip codes, which have a median radius of just 4 miles, are 3 times larger than shipments outside the zip code. We decompose aggregate shipments into extensive and intensive margins, and show that distance and other frictions reduce aggregate trade values primarily by reducing the number of commodities shipped and the number of establishments shipping. Extensive margins are particularly important over very short distances. We examine trade in intermediate goods as an explanation for highly localized shipments and the dominant role of the extensive margin and find evidence consistent with this hypothesis. In another significant finding, we find no evidence of state-level home bias when distances are measured precisely and trade is observed over a very fine grid.     

Analyst estimation revision clusters and corporate events,Part I

Summary This paper uses periods of unusually heavy earnings estimate revision activity by analysts to assess the relative usefulness of corporate information events (CIEs) in firm valuation. Because accounting information is more readily available, newsworthy and accessible, we hypothesize that CIEs that focus on financial statement information trigger greater analyst revision activity over a shorter period of time than CIEs that offer strategic or “soft” information. Our results are consistent with this hypothesis. In Part II, we examine investor response to revision clusters that accompany different CIEs.We thank the Editor, an anonymous referee, Joe Cooper, Todd Doersch, Tony Greig, Kent Konkol and Marc Sievers for helpful suggestions and discussions. We also thank Mehmet Ozbilgin and James Su for programming during the planning phase of this project, and Jinyoung Park for research assistance during its execution. We are very grateful to Thomson Financial, CCBN and Reuters Data for providing data used in this study. Bagnoli and Watts thank the Krannert Graduate School of Management andPurdue University for financial support.     

Melting pot or salad bowl: Some evidence from U.S. investments abroad

We estimate the number of foreign-origin persons in the United States classified by their country of origin from census data in 1970, 1980, 1990 and 2000. We find, both in cross-sectional tests and in panel data tests, that the size of the foreign-origin group from a country living in the U.S. is positively correlated with U.S. investments in that country. This national origin bias is strong for direct (FDI) and modest for indirect (equity holdings) investments. The results continue to hold even after controlling for the “fundamentals” hypothesized to affect foreign investments. The other economic geography variables of a country—physical distance from the U.S., race, language and religion—do not seem to affect US investments in that country.     

Validity of parent's self-reported responses to home safety questions

The aim of the study was to describe the validity of parent's self-reported responses to questions on home safety practices for children of 2–4 years. A cross-sectional validation study compared parent's self-administered responses to items in the Home Injury Prevention Survey with home observations undertaken by trained researchers. The relationship between the questionnaire and observation results was assessed using percentage agreement, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and intraclass correlation coefficients. Percentage agreements ranged from 44% to 100% with 40 of the total 45 items scoring higher than 70%. Sensitivities ranged from 0% to 100%, with 27 items scoring at least 70%. Specificities also ranged from 0% to 100%, with 33 items scoring at least 70%. As such, the study identified a series of self-administered home safety questions that have sensitivities, specificities and predictive values sufficiently high to allow the information to be useful in research and injury prevention practice.     

Home country institutions and the internationalization of state owned enterprises: A cross-country analysis

National institutions shape the ability of civil society and minority shareholders to monitor and influence decision-makers in listed state owned enterprises (SOEs), and thereby their strategies of internationalization. We argue that the weaker are such controls, the more likely such decision makers pursue self-serving motives, and thus shy away from international investment. Listed SOEs’ strategies will thus be more similar to those of wholly privately owned enterprises (POEs) when these controls are more effective. Building on Williamson's (2000) hierarchy of institutions, we examine how home country institutions exerting normative, regulatory, and governance-related controls affect the comparative internationalization levels of listed SOEs and POEs. Based on a matched sample of 153 majority state owned and 153 wholly privately owned listed firms from 40 different countries, we confirm that, when home country institutions enable effective control, the internationalization strategies of listed SOEs and POEs converge.     

Probabilistic dominance and status quo bias

Decision makers have a strong tendency to retain the current state of affairs. This well-documented phenomenon is termed status quo bias. We present the probabilistic dominance approach to status quo bias: an alternative is considered acceptable to replace the status quo only if the chances of a (subjectively) severe loss, relative to the status quo, are not too high. Probabilistic dominance is applied and behaviorally characterized in a choice model that allows for a range of status quo biases, general enough to accommodate unanimity, but also standard expected utility maximization. We present a comparative notion of “revealing more bias towards the status quo” and study its implications to the probabilistic dominance model of choice. Lastly, the model is applied to the endowment effect phenomenon and to a problem of international portfolio choice when investors are home biased.