Is There an Image Crisis in the Spanish Vegetables?

Abstract

The Spanish horticultural sector has been adversely affected by recurring crises in the last years, showing a significant economic impact upon demand. These crises have different sources (internal and external) and origins (food safety, social, and environmental issues). However, research devoted to analyzing the nature and scope of these events and their influence on consumers’ perception is scarce. For this purpose, this research provides a conceptual framework that defines and classifies the main image crises that have affected the sector. Consequently, an exploratory study is conducted to analyze to what extent European consumers know the sector and to determine how consumer knowledge influences the Spanish product-country image. Data were analyzed using a Logit Model. Results suggest that crises have seriously affected the demand of Spanish vegetables and consumers’ perceived image. Factors affecting the sector’s image through consumer knowledge are different depending on consumers’ country-of-origin (national vs. foreign countries).     

论旅游目的地形象的系统建构——以聊城市为例

文章以聊城市为例,对其旅游目的地形象的建构过程进行了较为深入的实证分析。研究表明,旅游目的地形象的建构是供给形象与需求形象相互作用的结果,是一个包含供给形象的构建、需求形象的形成与反馈、供给形象的诊断与更新等环节的系统循环过程。     

运用子带域条纹实现彩色转灰度图的可逆映射

在近年来提出的彩色图像转灰度图的可逆映射概念中指出,彩色图像被映射成条纹后,接收者可用这些条纹通过小波变换、降低采样彩度宽度和重置高频区域的方法来实现彩色图像再现。主要思路是使用黑白打印机打印出带有彩色的图像,然后扫描文件并再现彩色。本文提出了一个更为有效地抗打印、扫描噪声的方法,即使用冗余再现彩度,将其嵌入总子带区域转换中的多重子带中,即将彩度分散到不同的子带中。从理论角度证实了为了减小由白色噪声引起的误差方差,彩度应该置于许多子带中,而不是形成线性组合。此外,本文还介绍了寻找最佳线性转换的方法,该方法可以在更普遍的彩色噪声下将彩度嵌入子带中。通过对噪声进行分析确定上限,以指导彩度嵌入子带时所需子带的数量。实验结果均在真实打印和扫描条件下进行,并使用了模拟的打印、扫描路径。     

New environmental policy instruments to realize forest expansion in Flanders (northern Belgium): A base for smart regulation?

This paper evaluates the current instrument mix, designs options for smart regulation and estimates the support base of new instruments for the forest expansion policy in Flanders (northern Belgium). The framework applied is a combination of theories on instrument choice (ICT), policy transfer and legitimacy. The ICT points out that there is a need for new environmental policy instruments (NEPI) oriented to private actors that inform them or create win–win situations for all involved parties. The need is especially high for farmers, who are key actors. The policy transfer analysis suggested instruments currently in use in the Netherlands, England and Denmark that can fulfill these needs. However, the acceptability – or legitimacy – of the suggested instruments in Flanders is only high for three of these, notably the carbon fund, flexible grant scheme and expert advice (especially by forest groups). This largely fills some smart regulation gaps, like the need for information (expert advice), the involvement of other institutional actors (certifiers, forest groups) and the higher involvement of the private sector (all). However, some gaps, such as flexible land purchase through cooperation with real estate agents or other private agents and opportunities for win–win outcomes with farmers, remain. Thus, it is not possible to fully optimize the instrument mix in accordance with the smart regulation requirements in Flanders’ forest expansion policy at this moment. However, as continuity or incremental change is characteristic of most public policy, this does not mean that the suggested changes will be impossible in the near future, especially with the changing character of the rural space.     

品牌形象构成模型综述与评价——消费者与企业视角下的品牌形象构成与关系解析

品牌形象是品牌研究领域的重要概念,然而品牌形象的系统结构始终没有得到学术界广泛和统一的共识。本文从企业和消费者两方面的角度对品牌形象的构成模型进行了综述与评价,指出品牌形象是连接消费者头脑中的品牌联想与企业建立的品牌识别的中间变量,企业与消费者之间通过品牌形象建立了互动与信任的关系。文章提出了基于消费者心理与企业战略的品牌形象研究框架,并指出了品牌形象构成模型未来研究的方向。     

培育服务贸易品牌研究

服务贸易品牌的研究在国内外都是空白。本文分析了培育服务贸易品牌的意义,提出了培育服务贸易品牌的策略。当前,世界经济正在向服务型经济转型,服务贸易是世界经济发展的制高点,也是新形势下各国经济竞争的焦点。加快发展服务贸易,通过品牌来提升服务贸易的价值,以优质的品牌角逐于全球市场,已经成为服务贸易的必然选择。     

跨国汽车公司供应链深度嵌入及其驱动力分析

文章指出,随着供应链由早期的销售嵌入发展演变为研发—采购—生产—销售—管理的供应链深度嵌入与整合,跨国汽车公司在华供应链已构成其全球供应链网络的重要组成部分,并在区域性市场上发挥着极为重要的作用。文章认为,供应链深度嵌入及其链网整合,主要缘于市场和低成本战略的经济驱动以及中国产业发展的政策驱动。     

品牌形象客品对顾牌态度的影响研究

本研究采用逻辑回归的方法,从Aaker（1996）的品牌形象识别四维度,即产品、人性化、企业和符号维度出发,综合地衡量了品牌形象对于顾客品牌态度,即品牌喜爱和品牌购买意向的影响作用。研究发现品牌形象的“人性化维度”、“企业维度”和“符号维度”对顾客的品牌态度产生了显著的正向影响,而“产品维度”对顾客品牌态度的影响则不显著。“人性化维度”、“企业维度”和“符号维度”三者中,“人性柁维度”对品牌态度的影响程度最大,“企业维度”的影响程度次之,而“符号维度”的影响则最小。     

基于粗集方法改进的图像平滑

研究了一个基于粗集理论改进的图像平滑方法 ,首先建立粗集等价关系和相应划分集合 ,然后得到基于粗集方法的图像平滑框架 ,提出基于粗集理论改进的图像平滑的具体实现。该平滑方法的平滑效果与传统平滑方法相比较 ,具有更清晰的边缘和细节 ,并且算法简单易于实现。     

合成孔径雷达图象低失真压缩研究

本文对合成孔径雷达图象压缩问题进行了探讨，依据合成孔径雷达图象统计特征，提出了几种适合合成孔径雷达图象压缩的自适应算法，并给出了压缩图象性能的评判准则。