Personal values and the theory of planned behaviour: A study of values and holiday trade-offs in young adults

Prior studies have ignored information inherent in the structure of people's values when investigating their impact on tourism decisions. This study examined how personal values trade-offs along two bipolar values dimensions (self-enhancement versus self-transcendence and openness-to-change versus conservation) impacted young adults' travel decisions. A two-staged survey of 299 young adults obtained personal values (at time 1) and value-expressive holiday preferences within a theory of planned behaviour (at time 2). Both bipolar values dimensions predicted attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control towards value-congruent holidays. The total effect of personal values on intentions was larger than that of subjective norms for both dimensions and larger than that of perceived behavioural control for the self-transcendence verses self-enhancement dimension.     

Tourists’ digital footprint: The spatial patterns of tourist flows in Qingdao,China

Spatial patterns of tourist flows represent the movement of tourists and show differences in tourism resources giving advice for promoting balanced and sustainable tourism development. This paper proposes a novel framework for analyzing these patterns based on tourists' digital footprint data collected from online travel diaries. Based on illustrative case study data from Qingdao (China), the framework, combining traditional quantitative and social network analysis, is able to pinpoint: (1) The influence of distance decay and attractions’ popularity on the spatial patterns of tourist flows; (2) The uneven distribution of the core tourist nodes and the existence of the structural hole phenomenon, which form a network pattern with unbalanced power and intense internal competition; (3) The formation of the core area for tourism along the coastline – as is typical for coastal tourism cities. This difference of tourism resources between coastal and inland areas, thus, remains a challenge for future tourism development in Qingdao.     

刍议共享经济时代的铁路出行服务平台

近年来,共享出行成为出行服务市场的生力军,铁路部门也启动了相关业务。以经营实践和市场实际为研究背景,通过梳理共享出行的概念、特点,简析铁路出行相关各方的痛点问题,提出共创美好旅行生活的定位,用假设演绎方式阐释了铁路部门共享出行服务平台的商业开发机会和建构思路,以供参考。     

The role of holiday styles in shaping the carbon footprint of leisure travel within the European Union

Leisure travel within the European Union (EU) contributes significantly to the carbon footprint of global tourism. Distance travelled is a main factor in this impact, but some of its determinants remain unexplored. We examined the role of tourists' holiday preferences in shaping the carbon footprint of leisure travel within the EU by calculating demand and impact indicators associated with eight holiday styles. We find a substantial and equivalent carbon footprint for visiting relatives, nature tourism and sea, sun and sand tourism, but a higher carbon intensity of travel per trip for the latter. This is due to widespread demand for sea, sun, and sand tourism despite the concentration of destinations in Southern Europe. Furthermore, international travel within the EU is on average three times more carbon intensive than domestic travel. Our insights suggest that tourists’ holiday preferences can be leveraged for the sustainable development of leisure travel within the EU.     

上海地铁乘客平峰期出行行为影响因素及机理研究

针对上海地铁平峰期客座率不高、运能低的问题,对乘客愿意增加平峰期出行行为的影响因素进行归纳分析,并根据居民对地铁票价优惠、增值服务的需求进行现场问卷调查,统计分析各措施下乘客平峰期地铁出行意愿情况;建立平峰期出行意愿二项Logit模型,研究出行者特性、出行行为特性以及选择方案特性等因素的影响。由此为平峰期地铁客流提升制定更加有针对性的互联网营销方案奠定理论基础。     

Why do people purchase from online travel agencies (OTAs)? A consumption values perspective

Online travel agencies (OTAs) are struggling to remain financially sustainable due to intense competition. To overcome this challenge, OTAs need to better engage their customers by offering them superior value propositions. This calls for an in-depth understanding of the consumption values pertinent to the OTA context. To address this gap, the current study puts forward a framework for predicting purchase intention by adapting the theory of consumption values to the OTA context. The proposed model is tested with data collected from 809 OTA users. The results imply that quality-of-benefits, monetary, social status, preference, and information values predict purchase intention toward OTAs, with the chief driver being the quality-of-benefits value, followed by the preference value. Moderation analysis further reveals that the strength of the relationship between these values and purchase intention differs between users in different age groups and between users with different levels of privacy and security concerns, hygiene consciousness, and visibility perceptions.     

Discovering highly profitable travel patterns by high-utility pattern mining

Travel diaries have been widely used by tourism researchers to gain insights into the travel behaviors of travelers because of their rich information. However, their potentials have not been fully utilized due to the unawareness of the utility information hidden within. Existing works have mainly focused on identifying popular travel patterns in the travel diaries, while overlooking their potential profitable benefits. To fill this gap, we introduce the concept of “utility” into the analysis of travel diaries and present high-utility pattern mining technique for the effective discovery of highly valuable travel patterns. We demonstrate the benefit of this approach through a case study using a large-scale travel diary data set constructed from venue check-in data. The findings are useful for tourism managers to develop valuable travel packages. The presented approach is general and can be applied to various tourism contexts to explore highly profitable travel and purchasing patterns.     

纳税信用评级制度与企业创新——“赏善”比“罚恶”更有效？

前期研究证实纳税稽查、反避税等强制性税收征管可以规范企业纳税行为,对企业产生"约束效应",而不同于以往的强制性税收征管,纳税信用评级制度具有一定的激励性。由此,文章以2014年颁布实施的纳税信用评级制度刻画了激励性税收征管,基于这一新的视角,分析了激励性税收征管对企业创新投资的影响。利用2010-2017年沪深A股上市企业研发支出数据,文章采用PSM-DID模型估计了激励性税收征管对企业创新投资影响的"净效应"。结果表明,纳税信用评级制度实施后,纳税信用等级为A的企业,其创新投资显著增加,且这一效应在媒体关注程度低的企业、非国有企业及高新技术企业中更加明显。进一步的作用机制检验发现,激励性税收征管一方面通过增加信贷融资规模进而对企业的创新投资产生积极作用,另一方面通过增加市场关注压力进而对企业的创新投资带来负面影响,但由于积极作用要远大于负面影响,从而激励性税收征管表现出对企业创新投资的"激励效应"。     

The influence of high-speed rail on ice–snow tourism in northeastern China

Ice-snow tourism is trendy in the global tourism industry. High-speed rail improves the accessibility of these destinations. However, the influences of accessibility on regional economies are understudied. This study investigated changes in accessibility between urban areas and ice-snow tourist destinations after implementation of high-speed rail in northeastern China. Data on transportation networks, destinations, and economic factors were used to compute weighted mean travel times and daily accessibility, and a tourism-economy linkage model was utilized. After implementation, (1) the shortest intercity travel times were significantly shorter, (2) numbers of one-day and weekend trips significantly increased, (3) distribution of accessible tourist destinations expanded northward and southward, (4) isochrone analysis revealed that central cities promoted tourism development in nearby cities, and (5) intercity tourism-economy linkages increased. Accessibility to Shenyang was the most powerful influence on economic development. The tourism-economy linkages between Liaoyang and other cities were greatly enhanced between 2008 and 2018.     

A model for taxi pooling with stochastic vehicle travel times

Taxi pooling means the sharing of a taxi by more than one passenger with at least a semi-common route. Currently, a trial-and-error process is adopted, taking into account expected travel times, for taxi pooling, a method which is neither effective nor efficient. This is because stochastic disturbances arising from variations in the taxi travel times that occur in actual traveling are neglected. In the worst case scenario, where vehicle travel times fluctuate wildly during operations, the planned schedule can be disturbed enough to lose its optimality. Therefore, in this study, a network flow technique is used to construct a stochastic taxi pooling model incorporating stochastic vehicle travel times. A solution algorithm is also proposed to efficiently solve the problem. The performance of the proposed models and the use of the solution method in practice are evaluated by executing numerical tests using real data with suitable assumptions. The test results show that the stochastic model and the solution method could be useful references for practice.