Impact at the ‘Bottom of the Pyramid’: The Role of Social Capital in Capability Development and Community Empowerment

Rooted in the notion of inclusive capitalism, the Bottom‐of‐the‐Pyramid (BoP) approach argues for the simultaneous pursuit of profit and social welfare by creating markets for the poor. This idea has been both celebrated and criticized in the literature. We do neither in this paper. Instead, by leveraging insights from Amartya Sen's work on capability development and the literature on social capital, we offer a more socially embedded and community‐centric BoP approach. By redefining poverty not just as a lack of income, but also as a lack of ‘capabilities’ in Sen's sense that can be developed through leveraging social capital, we offer a systemic framework for understanding the societal impact of business‐driven ventures in the BoP and empowering BoP communities through these ventures. Specifically, we argue that any business initiative in the BoP ought to be evaluated on the basis of whether it advances capability transfer and retention by (a) enhancing the social capital between a particular community and other more resource rich networks, and (b) preserving the existing social capital in the community.     

Our Collaborative Future: Activities and Roles of Stakeholders in Sustainability‐Oriented Innovation

While stakeholders have long been at the forefront of sustainable development debates, the emphases have tended to be on different stakeholder pressures, or managing stakeholder expectations about controversial issues. In this paper we bring a fresh direction to these debates and ask in what ways different stakeholders can contribute to sustainable innovation in firms. Based on 80 semi‐structured interviews, we conduct a fine‐grained qualitative analysis of stakeholder activities in sustainability‐oriented innovation (SOI) processes in 13 different companies across Europe. Our analysis identifies eight roles that stakeholders play in SOI processes: stimulator, initiator, broker/mediator, concept refiner, legitimator, educator, context enabler and impact extender. More traditional roles such as legitimator and educator are less common in our cases. However, emerging roles such as stimulator, concept refiner, context enabler and impact extender are clearly identifiable and could be particularly valuable for SOI. We enhance a collaborative perspective of stakeholder theory, finding that stakeholders can play highly collaborative and proactive roles, and argue that secondary stakeholders may actually be more relevant for SOI than primary stakeholders. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

基于Multi-Agent的应急物流军民协同管理研究

主要研究了应急物流中的军民协同管理问题,分析了基于Multi-agent的应急物流军民协同管理系统设计的思路,系统的协作过程、系统功能模块、系统结构及体系结构。     

广东地方高校发展产学研合作的政策研究

随着社会分工的细化,产学研的发展越来越成为经济发展的增长点。地方高校在开展产学研的过程中同时实现了技术创新和技术转化,为区域经济提供了新动力。本文基于广东地方高校发展产学研中的突出问题,从不同角度提出政策建议,为推动产学研的发展提供政策支撑。     

浅析智能决策分析系统在物流企业中的应用

介绍了智能决策分析系统的概念、内涵以及对物流企业的主要作用和支持,分析了我国物流企业智能决策分析系统应用现状和存在的问题,提出智能决策分析系统在物流企业应用中的三种模式,即内部融合式、外部融合式和移动互联式,从而成为支撑物流企业健康发展并融入全球化物流网络的主要手段。     

自组织协同:商业银行运营管理体系构建之改进

运营管理体系构建是当前国内银行业实施业务流程再造的重要内容,与国际先进银行相比尚存在"形似神离"问题,主要表现为技术发展与作业组织模式演进的不匹配发展。从系统论的自组织协同理论视角出发,运营管理体系可视为兼具自组织和他组织双重特征的复杂系统,按照自组织转化机理,寻找出对系统建设有重要影响的四个序参量,采取他组织措施,可以实现系统向自组织转化,从而推进运营管理体系建设向着持续改进的方向发展。     

Career and collaboration patterns in tourism research

Research collaboration has become an important characteristic of contemporary academia and is of prime importance for the academic career opportunities of young scholars. For the purposes of this study research collaboration is a formal manifestation of intellectual collaboration in scientific research and involves the participation of two or more authors in the production of a joint publication. The paper reports the findings of a quantitative online survey sent to tourism scholars to explore their career and collaboration patterns in co-authored publications in tourism research. The results indicate that there are divergent perspectives on research collaboration and that collaboration characteristics change as scholars progress through their careers. The paper proposes a research career lifecycle to explain the patterns in tourism research collaboration.     

关于黑龙江省深化对俄科技合作的研究

目前,黑龙江省在对俄科技合作方面存在的主要问题是：对科技合作的必要性和可行性认识上存在差距;科技合作规模小、层次浅;技术鉴定、评估、消化及转化的能力有限;俄方科技投资环境差。黑龙江省应该牢牢抓住＂十二五＂开局之年的有利时机,把＂科技兴贸＂作为对俄科技经贸合作的重中之重,积极协调国家相关部门,积极争取政策支持;设立对俄科技合作风险基金;加强中俄科技合作的中介机构和咨询评估机构建设;加大对＂民间引进＂渠道支持力度;共建国际性、开放型的研究院和实验室;加紧培养和充分利用对俄科技合作的复合人才;进一步拓宽对俄科技信息渠道;对高新技术产业进行需求创造;强化政府的宏观调控作用和服务功能,从而促进黑龙江经济的快速发展。     

Endogenous R&D networks when labour unions have preferences over wages and employment

We develop a model to analyse the pattern of R&D network formation when unions have relative preferences over wages and employment. Within a three-firm industry, we show that when the unions place a low weight on wages and technological spillovers are low, a partial R&D network that includes two firms but excludes the third emerges in equilibrium. In contrast, when the unions care a lot about wages, a complete R&D network that includes all firms emerges. For all other intermediate levels of union preferences over wages, there is no strong stable equilibrium network. Empirical implications emerge from these findings, which are also discussed.     

How to improve the university–industry collaboration in Taiwan's animation industry? Academic vs. industrial perspectives

This study demonstrates the use of importance–performance analysis (IPA) to prioritise the motivators that can facilitate university–industry collaboration in the animation industry in Taiwan. This study confirms that financial supports and education are still major reasons for academia to participate in the university–industry collaboration. Reducing costs and obtaining human training are the reasons for animation firms to join the university–industry collaboration. However, by comparing the results of IPA for academia and industry, this study recommends four common interest motivators from both academic and industrial perspectives and where efforts should be concentrated. Research facilities, external competencies, talents, and innovation capacity are very important for the animation industry of Taiwan.