How managerial attitudes toward the natural environment affect market orientation and innovation

This study investigates natural environmental attitude linkages held by strategic decision makers and hypothesizes that the interaction between market orientation and managerial natural environmental attitudes serves to enhance the effect of market orientation on firm innovativeness. Using questionnaire responses from 284 owners or chief executive officers residing in the food processing industry, the findings establish evidence of (1) a positive linkage between market orientation and firm innovativeness, and (2) the moderating effect of managerial attitudes of top managers toward the natural environmental in the market orientation to firm innovativeness relationship. The results provide insight into the nature of the cultural values on which a market orientation is based in relation to the natural environment.     

发展中大国的自然资源优势与经济增长——以金砖四国为例

以自然资源为切入点分析金砖四国近20年来的经济增长,研究表明：矿产资源消耗、能源的生产与经济增长之间具有极强的正相关。丰富的自然资源是金砖四国经济快速增长的重要原因,自然资源通过直接转化为自然资本财富、自然资源出口和影响产业形成与发展等途径影响四国经济增长。文章还分析了金砖四国的经济发展前景,并为金砖四国长久经济发展提出建议。     

林区小额信贷实践与理论探索——中欧天然林管理项目小额信贷示范全析

论述了什么是小额信贷,中国小额信贷的发展轨迹,为什么要在中国林区发展小额信贷,并且以中欧天然林管理项目小额信贷专项基金试点实践为例,介绍了三种运作模式,即NGO模式、国有森工企业模式和村社区天然林管理协会模式。实践证明,小额信贷对于提高林区居民的环保意识、增加森林保护型生计项目、拓宽收入来源和增加林区居民收入、扶贫济困、减少林区居民对天然林的依赖和破坏起到了积极作用,实现了保护天然林的目标;在分析和总结中欧天然林管理项目小额信贷试点运行成果和经验的基础上,对在全国天然林保护工程区内推广中欧天然林管理项目小额信贷工作提出了政策措施;建议。     

Linking words in economic discourse: Implications for macroeconomic forecasts

This paper develops indicators of unstructured press information by exploiting word vector representations. A model is trained using a corpus covering 90 years of Wall Street Journal content. The information content of the indicators is assessed through business cycle forecast exercises. The vector representations can learn meaningful word associations that are exploited to construct indicators of uncertainty. In-sample and out-of-sample forecast exercises show that the indicators contain valuable information regarding future economic activity. The combination of indices associated with different subjective states (e.g., uncertainty, fear, pessimism) results in further gains in information content. The documented performance is unmatched by previous dictionary-based word counting techniques proposed in the literature.     

单位盗窃的司法困惑与应然认定

关于单位盗窃,目前存在刑事惩罚不力、罪刑不均,司法解释越权且界定不明的问题;对于单位盗窃应当以自然人盗窃论处,追究直接负责的主管人员和直接责任人员的刑事责任;在立法和司法解释中应当统一单位犯罪和自然人犯罪的构成标准;设立单位盗窃罪应当慎行。     

An assessment of the economic and environmental potential of biomass production in an agricultural region

The establishment of deep-rooted perennial species and their processing for biomass-based products such as renewable energy can have benefits for both local and global scale environmental objectives. In this study, we assess the potential economic viability of biomass production in the South Australian River Murray Corridor and quantify the resultant benefits for local and global scale environmental objectives. We model the spatial distribution of economically viable biomass production in a Geographic Information System and quantify the model sensitivity and uncertainty using Monte Carlo analysis. The total potentially viable area for biomass production under the Most Likely Scenario is 360,728 ha (57.7% of the dryland agricultural area), producing over 3 million tonnes of green biomass per annum, with a total Net Present Value over 100 years of A$ 88 million. The salinity in the River Murray could be reduced by 2.65 EC (μS/cm) over a 100-year timeframe, and over 96,000 ha of land with high wind erosion potential could be stabilised over a much shorter period. With sufficient generating capacity, our Most Likely Scenario suggests that economically viable biomass production could reduce carbon emissions by over 1.7 million tonnes per annum through the production of renewable energy and a reduced reliance on coal-based electricity generation. Our analyses suggest that biomass production is a potentially viable alternative agricultural system that can have substantial local scale environmental benefits with complimentary global scale benefits for climate change mitigation.     

天然抗氧化剂茶多酚在食品贮藏保鲜中的应用

茶多酚主要由茶叶中提取而来,可用作食物贮藏和保鲜的天然抗氧化剂。由于其具有抗氧化、防癌、减脂和除臭等多项优点而受到越来越多的关注,目前,该物质已在医疗、食品和冷藏等多个领域得到广泛应用。本文主要针对茶多酚的抗氧化原理进行分析,并简单介绍其在食物保鲜方面的应用,希望为我国关于茶多酚的研究工作提供帮助。     

A regression discontinuity approach to measuring the effectiveness of oil and natural gas regulation to address the common-pool externality

Oil and natural gas reservoirs typically span multiple productive leases so that no owner has rights to the entire stock of resource, resulting in production externalities. Previous literature has examined the effectiveness of government regulation in Texas and Oklahoma in abating these externalities, finding Oklahoma to be more successful in unifying common pools and securing property rights. Using regression discontinuity design, we quantify the impact of regulatory difference between the two states. We find that Oklahoma produces an average of 3361 more barrels of oil over the life of a well, relative to Texas. Given the maturity of the fields in question, the result underscores the continuing importance of addressing common pool externalities even after the primary phase of recovery has largely been completed.     

Recreation and Tourism in Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty: Key Influences on the Policymaking Process

This paper reports on a study completed in 2000 into the policymaking process for recreation and tourism in AONBs across England and Wales, with particular focus on the key influencing role of communication within this process. A number of practical measures, which might aid AONB communication and collaboration for policy development and implementation in the future, are derived from the research. In addition, the findings of the study lend weight to calls (current at the time of the research) for enhanced powers and funding for AONBs, particularly in respect of recreation and tourism provision.     

地方本科高校申报国家自然科学基金项目之思考——以福建地方本科高校为例

地方本科高校申报国家自然科学基金的获准率普遍偏低，究其原因既包括高校本身的“软硬件”条件的欠缺，更重要的是申请人在选题及申请书撰写过程中存在的问题所致。地方本科高校如何根据学校实际情况，在基金委“二十四字方针”的指导下，充分发挥地方优势学科和特色等有利条件，摸索行之有效的申报策略，以求在基金项目获批资助上有所突破，文章以福建地方本科高校的申报经验为例，从科研管理工作的角度出发，在总结基金申报中常见的落选原因的基础上，提出高校应加大基础条件的建设力度，科研人员应进行创新型、特色型选题并认真撰写申请书等建议。