Natural resources and international labour mobility

We study the relationship between natural resource wealth and (skilled and unskilled) emigration. The source data for international migration rates come from Brücker, Capuano, and Marfouk (2013) and measures of resource wealth from the World Bank database. We find that natural resource abundance reduces skilled emigration regardless of countries’ natural wealth, but that natural resources reduce unskilled emigration only in resource-rich countries.     

申遗背景下的中国自然遗产潜力评估

参照世界自然遗产地学、美学、生物生态过程和濒危物种栖息地4项申遗评选标准,依据地貌景观、生物景观等价值构成,建立美学价值评估方法;依据世界遗产13类地学主题评价框架、地质演化过程、典型类型地貌等价值构成,建立地学价值评估方法;依据生态系统过程、物种多样性、栖息地等价值构成,建立生物生态学价值评估方法。利用全球对比的方法提取和评估突出普遍价值,将中国自然遗产潜力区分为青藏高原区、西北干旱区、东部季风区等生态环境基本单元,筛选我国世界自然遗产潜力区。重点提出海洋类世界自然遗产和西部北部地区申遗的可能性,提出中国申报世界自然遗产突出普遍价值的评估策略与优先原则。     

Evaluating ecotourism: The case of North Sulawesi, Indonesia

Ecotourism can contribute to both conservation and development and involves, as a minimum, positive synergistic relationships between tourism, biodiversity and local people, facilitated by appropriate management. This paper applies a framework for the development and evaluation of ecotourism to three protected areas in North Sulawesi. Due to its spectacular endemic biodiversity, the potential for providing quality nature experiences in North Sulawesi is high and tourism development is occurring rapidly. Site-level evaluations of ecotourism in three protected areas were performed to illustrate the application and the utility of the framework as a tool for evaluation and to assess the status of tourism in North Sulawesi. It is revealed that current relationships between people, resources and tourism in North Sulawesi have yet to provide the mutual benefits necessary for successful ecotourism. The approach and framework used to arrive at these conclusions have wide applicability for assessing the achievements of ecotourism at specific sites and for directing appropriate management strategies for ecotourism in protected areas.     

Economic natural selection in Bertrand and Cournot settings

We study economic natural selection in classical oligopoly settings. When underlying pure strategies consist of a finite number of prices, convex monotonic dynamics always converge under a weak condition to the smallest price in the support of the initial state that exceeds marginal cost. When underlying pure strategies consist of a finite number of quantities, monotonic dynamics always converge under a specific condition to a quantity equal or similar to classical Cournot equilibrium.     

The impacts of CGIAR research: A review of recent evidence

We review evidence on the impacts of CGIAR research published since 2000 in order to provide insight into how successfully the CGIAR Centers have been in pursuing the System’s core missions. Our review suggests that CGIAR research contributions in crop genetic improvement, pest management, natural resources management, and policy research have, in the aggregate, yielded strongly positive impacts relative to investment, and appear likely to continue doing so. Crop genetic improvement research stands out as having had the most profound documented positive impacts. Substantial evidence exists that other research areas within the CGIAR have had large beneficial impacts although often locally and nationally rather than internationally. However, the “right-time, right-place” nature of successful policy research and the relatively limited geographic scale of much natural resource management research often limits the overall scale of impacts of these programmatic thrusts vis-à-vis genetic improvement research. We conclude that given the evidence available, the CGIAR’s portfolio of research allocations has become overly skewed toward natural resource management and policy research over time. Hence, restoring somewhat the share of resources allocated to crop genetic improvement is warranted. In addition, the CGIAR needs to prioritize impact assessment of resource management and policy research to deepen its understanding of the social and environmental impacts of its work.     

压光对纸张表面性能的影响

纸张压光是一道工业整饰工序,它可以提高纸张表面的平滑度,改善其光泽度和印刷适性。本文讨论了压光对微观和宏观尺度上纸张粗糙度的影响以及这种表面改性与纤维形态之间的关系。实验原料为两种不同的纤维以及它们的混合物,采用光学轮廓仪表征纸张表面的性能。实验结果表明,在所测定的尺度范围内,压光均可以改善纸张的表面性能,通过简单的比例转换后,这些变化具有相关性,这一结果也适用于由混合纤维抄造的纸张。     

西北地区自然资源开发与经济增长的关系研究——基于面板数据的实证分析

本文采用面板数据对西北地区资源开发与经济增长之间的关系进行了研究,证明了西北资源开发与经济增长之间存在长期稳定的协整关系,并应用面板回归模型对西部大开发前十年和近九年西北资源开发与经济增长的关系进行了对比分析,最后针对分析结果提出两点建议。     

纯净水对斑马鱼幼鱼生长发育的影响

本文研究了纯净水对斑马鱼幼鱼生长发育的影响。研究发现,纯净水组中养殖的斑马鱼幼鱼在体长、侧面投影面积及眼大小等方面显著低于天然水组和正常对照组,而卵黄囊面积则显著高于天然水组和正常对照组;且与其他两组相比,纯净水组的斑马鱼有脊柱弯曲及心率减缓等致畸现象出现。由此可见,几乎不含任何矿物元素的纯净水不但会能延迟斑马鱼幼鱼的生长发育,且还有一定的致畸作用。     

北京工业厂区改造中的自然拾掇与有机更新

从北京建设世界城市和保护历史文化名城风貌的角度出发,认为要摈弃大拆大建或重建仿古建筑式的高成本的城市更新观,代之以自然拾掇、有机更新理念,以构建美丽的东方文化顶尖城市。     

"资源诅咒"视角下的西部地区经济增长

西部地区自然资源富集,但经济增长相对缓慢,出现了"富饶的贫困",存在着所谓的"资源诅咒"。自然资源丰富在某种程度上确实是经济增长的优势,但如果开发利用不当,或仅仅将眼光集中在资源上,就很容易转化为经济发展的劣势。资源丰富的西部地区必须跳出资源诅咒,实现经济快速健康增长。