The influence of immigration and international tourism on the demand for imported food products

The role of immigration and international tourism in food product imports, as two factors which potentially influence the (trans-) formation of tastes in a country, is theoretically and empirically analysed. In using an econometric error-correction specification of an import demand function, the scale of the impact of these two factors is estimated for the case of Germany (annual data from 1967 to 1990). The results show that, while aggregate food import demand from India, Thailand, China and Turkey is inelastic with regard to migration to Germany and international travel activities of Germans to these destinations, the estimated average elasticities for imports of wine, cheese and processed/preserved vegetables from France and Italy are all well above unity, thus suggesting that immigration and international tourism may indeed affect the import demand for certain food products.     

Tourism and Chinese popular nationalism

As a complex and emerging phenomenon, nationalism presents a serious challenge to international marketers, with no exception to the field of tourism. However, there is a lack of empirical evidence in understanding the role of nationalism in tourist travel intention. A qualitative research approach with in-depth interview and on-site observation was adopted to bridge this gap during the Diaoyu/Senkaku Island Incident between China and Japan since late 2012. In particular, this study seeks to shed light on the influence of nationalism on Chinese tourists. A nationalism dynamics model has been established to explore and explain different segments of tourists based on their self-perceived level of nationalism. The findings of this paper offer important implications for both scholars and practitioners in their strategic responses to this challenging nationalism phenomenon.     

Comforts of group tours

Travel can confer high status in American life. As individual travel becomes more complicated, it is time to re-evaluate the potential of the tour group. Although the image is often still of polyester hordes descending on out-of-fashion watering holes and the ever more accessible seven wonders of the ancient world, the actuality is that tour groups come in all sizes and shapes and for purposes that often involve “work” and “study”. This article is an ethnographic account of the role of the group in the travel experience. Americans join tours to meet safe strangers, be guided by experts, meet counterparts, unfold their own personal identities, and learn how to be travelers, as well as to see strange sights and bring back souvenirs, photographs, and tans.     

高端白酒的市场营销策略浅析

白酒是中国的国酒,有着千年历史,白酒也承载着中华的文化。同时酒类行业具有很高的回报率和利润率。正是因为这样诱人的企业利润,酒饮料市场在我国竞争日益激烈,分析高端白酒所面临的机遇与挑战有助于其在该市场的竞争,保持并不断扩大市场份额。同时探讨解决品牌白酒扩大酒饮料市场份额的可行方法和白酒营销在市场中的创新,为确立品牌白酒在酒饮料市场中的龙头地位,发扬中华文化有着积极而深远的意义。     

"腾冲热海" 景区游客消费行为研究

腾冲热海景区是近几年云南省一个快速发展的旅游景区。热海旅游应将注意力放在保山、大理和昆明三个城市;重点加强休闲度假型产品建设;增加游客的满意度。     

A model of wine tourist behaviour: a festival approach

The study constructs a temporal model of wine tourist behaviour on the basis of the social psychologist' theory of consumer attitudes and related concepts with regard to past behaviour, satisfaction, perceived value and behavioural intentions. More importantly, this study added two dimensions to this model by proposing that satisfaction and perceived value had an impact on the attendees' intentions (i) to visit a local winery and (ii) to buy local wine products. Using a path analysis approach and data collected from the attendees at a regional wine festival, the study examined the above relationships. The results of this path analysis can be summarised as: (i) past behaviour influenced the intention to revisit and the level of perceived value, but had no effect on the level of satisfaction; (ii) perceived value strongly affected the level of satisfaction; (iii) satisfaction had a strong impact on future intentions to revisit and also an effect on intentions to visit local wineries and to buy local wine products; and (iv) perceived value affected the intentions to revisit the festival and to visit local wineries but did not influence the intentions to buy local wines. It is believed that the results of the present study will be useful to organisers of wine festivals and/or wine tourism developers. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Finding good relationships – intended and realized relational governance of international fine wine exchanges

Changes in relational governance have mainly been documented in the form of relationship building, developments and repairs related to tensions, or break-ups of otherwise strong relationships. In this paper, we take a closer look at the relational governance of long-distance international exchanges between producers and importers of fine wine. We contribute by providing evidence for several novel relational governance changes, and we document portfolio effects on governance choices. Fine wine producers and importers intend on relational governance for most of their international exchanges, but they may end up being terminated, relegated to market governance, or settle as incomplete relationships.     

《企业所得税法》源泉扣缴上的几大变化

本文对"两法合并"后所得税源泉扣缴政策的重大变化进行了归纳总结:预提所得税减按10%征收;法定扣缴日期由五日变为七日;对税务机关指定扣缴新设定了三种情形;新增特定情况下的欠税追缴;非居民企业取得权益性投资收益不再免税;利息所得的免税范围有变化;转让财产所得减除项目由"原值"变为"净值"等。     

非居民企业所得税待遇分析

《国家税务总局关于非居民企业不享受小型微利企业所得税优惠政策问题的通知》对非居民企业不享受小型微利企业的税收优惠政策作了明确规定。本文从非居民企业的概念及纳税义务、小型微利企业需符合的条件、非居民企业可以享受的税收优惠、非居民企业的所得税征收方式等四方面对我国非居民企业所得税待遇进行分析。     

Developing wine trails as a tourist attraction in Israel

The objective of this paper is to suggest marketing strategies for the development of wine trails in Israel as tourist attractions. Both inbound and domestic tourists were surveyed as to their motives for visiting wineries and their experiences from those visits. The expectations of tourists with regard to the wine trail experience were compared with the beliefs of winery operators. The findings showed that there was a high degree of understanding of tourist needs among the winery operators. Nevertheless, augmentation of the winery experience is necessary if wine trail tourism is to further develop. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.