运输方式选择的决策模型

通过对各种运输方式，从速度、成本、便利性、运载力、安全性等方面进行综合比较分析，提出了运输数量与运输距离、运输容量与运输重量的函数关系、运输作业的五大基本原则和运输基础数据库的建立模式，最后提出运输方式选择决策的评价模式，为企业提供了运输方式选择的科学决策依据和模型。     

人均收入差距导向的投资战略

除了税收手段直接调整人均收入差距之外,政府可利用投资配置来影响生产过程,进而调整人均收入差距。在总量封闭经济的框架下,本文以人均收入差距最小化为目标,通过引入多地区多产业Cobb-Douglas生产函数、劳动一资本比率、资本时变率,改造最优经济增长模型。实验表明,通过权衡不同地区、不同产业的重要程度,调整投资在不同地区、不同产业之间的配置比率,政府可缩小人均收入差距。     

2020年全国煤、电、运综合平衡初步判断及煤炭运输能力对华东电力发展的制约分析

根据对2020年全国电力需求水平的总体判断,结合对全国煤炭生产和铁路运输规划的分析,对2020年全国煤电运综合平衡情况进行了综合分析和判断,并重点分析了煤炭运输能力可能对华东地区电力建设所产生的制约和影响。     

培育南阳春运市场的实践与思考

洛阳铁路分局管内南阳、邓州地区,每年春运期间都有农村富余劳动力形成大量民工客流,为此分局坚持 “以点带线,以线带面,以春运营销带动整体工作发展”的经营战略,通过客流调查,宣传铁路优势,增加临客保证运力,加强乘降组织,提高服务质量等方法,以南阳和邓州车站为主战场,大打春运会战,使春运成为洛阳铁路分局重要经济增长点。     

Beijing: urban transport issues in a socialist Third World setting (1949–1992)

Post-1949 development of urban transport in Beijing, the national capital of the People's Republic of China, has been for a long time shaped by the ideology of the Chinese communists, in a setting of rapid urban growth and industrialization with general neglect of the ‘consumption’ needs of the urban populace. The Old City of feudal Beijing which the municipality inherited in 1949 and the need to preserve its pre-industrial street pattern, set by the city wall and the former Imperial Court (the Forbidden City), for historical and cultural reasons added another interesting and almost insurmountable constraint to the city's urban transport development.This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the situation and development of urban transport in the city from 1949 to 1992, outlining its major characteristics and problems. The effects of the new Open Door and modernization policies since 1978 and their impact on a new approach emphasizing market forces are evaluated. Wherever feasible, comparative figures and materials from the western and Third World city are used to provide better appreciation of Beijing's situation. The experience of the new policy of Market Socialism that started in 1978 provides valuable evidence for other large Third World cities.     

The dark side of making transit irresistible: The example of France

The French experience in developing policies to reduce car use in metropolitan areas is presented in this paper as an illustration of the lack of recognition of the broader set of criteria on which specific policy frameworks should be judged. One of the major challenges, and often failings of policies focussed on reducing car use, is the lack of a structure that ensures that the downside impacts are not relocated to other parts of a system such that potential gains end up being eroded by the potential losses. We draw on experiences throughout France, as well as case studies in Lyon, to highlight the dark side of French transport policy promoting a switch from car to public transit and non-motorised modes, in terms of financial, equity and environmental outcomes.     

铁路客运专线运量、运价和收入关系分析

在论述系统动力学模型的基础上,运用其原理和方法建立了运量模型、转移运量模型、诱发运量模型和运价模型。通过模拟客运专线算例,进行了运量结果分析、运价结果分析、收入分析、运量与运价关系分析,通过定性和定量分析,论述了铁路客运专线运量、运价和收入三者之间的关系,以及相互影响因素的变化情况。     

修建京津冀地区铁路客运中心站的构想

在分析京津冀地区铁路客运专线网布局和运输组织方式的基础上,论述了铁路客运中心站的作用,提出地区铁路专线客运站的布局模式,以及客运站的分工建议和集疏运系统的建立与完善。     

铁路客流现状分析及其对策探讨

随着社会发展和人民生活水平的提高,人们出行的次数逐年增多。铁路在旅客发送量增长的同时,所占市场客运总量的比例却逐年下降。在分析客流组成和影响因素的基础上,提出铁路客流相对下降的具体原因。同时结合新时期市场需求,提出加强铁路客运工作的基本思路。     

综合运输体系下客运结构合理配置模型及算法

分析在多种交通方式存在情况下乘客的交通选择行为,并基于随机效用理论和层次分析法构造了综合运输体系下客运结构合理配置模型及算法。考虑到我国现阶段收入水平是影响旅客交通方式选择的主要因素,将旅客划分为4类,并计算分析得到各类旅客的出行选择结果。该模型可用于客运市场份额预测,为优化配置交通运输资源提供理论依据。