武汉市三维数字地图系统建设及其应用

武汉市是国内较早开展三维数字城市建设的城市之一,武汉市三维数字地图系统建设是武汉市三维数字城市建设的核心内客,该项目历时三年基本建成.本文全面总结了该项目建设的主要内容、建设策略和成果应用,对下一步工作提出了展望,相信对国内三维数字城市建设及规划界利用三维技术提高规划编制管理技术水平有借鉴意义.     

干旱区生态城市软环境建设研究——以甘肃省张掖市为例

软环境是相对硬环境而言的,主要包括以思想观念、法律制度、管理决策、社会文化等以人为中心的非物质形态要素.张掖地处西部干旱区,生态城市建设要结合城市自身特点,本文从培育公民思想意识、构筑良好的法制环境和政治环境、以及营造生态城市社会文化氛围等五个层面对张掖生态城市软环境建设进行逐一分析研究.     

Bayesian forecasting of UEFA Champions League under alternative seeding regimes

The evaluation of seeding rules requires the use of probabilistic forecasting models both for individual matches and for the tournament. Prior papers have employed a match-level forecasting model and then used a Monte Carlo simulation of the tournament for estimating outcome probabilities, thus allowing an outcome uncertainty measure to be attached to each proposed seeding regime, for example. However, this approach does not take into account the uncertainty that may surround parameter estimates in the underlying match-level forecasting model. We propose a Bayesian approach for addressing this problem, and illustrate it by simulating the UEFA Champions League under alternative seeding regimes. We find that changes in 2015 tended to increase the uncertainty over progression to the knock-out stage, but made limited difference to which clubs would contest the final.     

Small system dynamics model for alleviating the general practitioners rural care gap in Ontario,Canada

The disproportionate concentration of healthcare professionals in urban areas is a concern in many countries, including Canada. A need to address this rural care gap has driven a large number of government led initiatives worldwide over the years. This paper presents a model that can be used as a tool to examine the efficacy of such policies on the workforce distribution in the long term. A small system dynamics model is employed to simulate the current and future distribution of general physicians at a jurisdictional level. The model represents the transition of general practitioners to provide insight into the dynamics of care provision over time. The movement, and competition, between rural and urban areas is modeled to enable detailed exploration of the ability for proposed measures to alleviate the care gap in the future. Among the tested policies are such commonly used initiatives as financial incentives to rural professionals, promotion of medical education in rural areas, expansion of rural education programs and the engagement of international medical graduates etc. We demonstrate how the model can be used as a tool to determine an efficient and well-chosen combination of policies which can help alleviate the rural care gap in the future, given that some policies are more effective than others alone but also combined with other initiatives. The presented small system dynamics model is tested on Canada's reality, but its simple nature lends itself to easy application to other countries that experience a similar problem.     

Optimizing order policy and credit term for items with inventory-level-dependent demand under trade credit limit

Under the combined effects of inventory-level-dependent demand (ILDD) and trade credit, the retailer is able to order more quantities to stimulate market demand. However, from the supplier's perspective, two important issues are lacking sufficient attention. First, during the credit period, the retailer's higher order quantities imply increases in both the retailer's account payable and the supplier's opportunity cost of capital. Second, given the supplier's fixed production rate, the increased market demand may drive the capacity utilization to be variable. Thus, by formulating a supplier-dominated system, this paper incorporates trade credit limit (TCL) to address its effects on optimal policies vis-à-vis the item with ILDD. Specifically, three indicators can be proposed to reveal which type of financing policy the retailer should choose. Moreover, based on TCL, the supplier can effectively manage the retailer's order quantity and the corresponding account payable. Additionally, the retailer's maximum allowable order quantity is developed to ensure that the supplier can supply the retailer's order quantity on time. Furthermore, when the effects of ILDD become more significant, the manufacturer will reduce the maximum allowable order quantity to control the retailer's order incentive.     

自限温电加热带在混凝土施工中的应用

介绍了自限温电加热带和相关技术在冬季环境混凝土构件养护施工和主动控制缓粘结预应力筋的缓粘结剂固化期这两种施工技术中的应用。自限温电加热这项技术的应用,使得对冬季混凝土养护环境温度和施工条件的要求大幅度降低,满足越来越复杂的冬季建筑结构施工工艺及施工环境。同时将该技术创新的应用于缓粘结预应力筋的施工中,起到主动控制缩短缓粘结剂固化期作用。     

日本冷链物流对苏州农业发展的启示

随着科学技术发展、经济水平不断提高,人们对农产品的新鲜度及质量提出更高的要求,冷链物流作为物流体系中特殊行业,能较好地满足这一需求。本课题将从日本冷链物流现状分析及其对农产品发展产生的影响入手,通过对苏州农业物流现状分析提出冷链物流的重要性,并试图通过借鉴日本冷链物流的先进设备、技术、管理,建立符合苏州实情的农业冷链物流体系。     

INCENTIVES AND SOCIAL NORMS: A MOTIVATION‐BASED ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL NORMS

Abstract It is now commonplace to regard social norms as a subject of growing interest in the economic literature (e.g. game theoretical approaches based on ‘other‐regarding’ individual preferences, the analysis of the impact of rewards or punishment on individuals’ behaviour through experimental economics as well as field experiments, the revival of the institutionalist tradition spurred on by the influential work of Douglas North and followed by many others and the growing influence of neuroeconomics). In this paper, we focus on the relationship between incentives and social norms and survey the literature that could constitute the foundations of a motivation‐based economic analysis of social norms. Our main findings are that (1) the interaction between incentives and social norms is far from obvious since taking social norms into account involves the introduction of supplementary motives, in addition to self‐interest, into the economic analytical framework; (2) the analysis of the interaction between incentives and social norms resists an approach exclusively in terms of crowding‐in and ‐out effects because it is sensitive to whether it concerns behaviours driven by honour or by social stigma; (3) as a result, it is difficult to precisely evaluate the policy implication of the interactions between incentives and social norms.     

河南省禹州市农村人力资源开发研究

从中国农村人力资源开发现有的研究成果入手,结合中部农村人力资源开发的特殊性,研究河南省禹州市农村人力资源开发的现状及当前面对的问题,在此基础上,探寻其问题产生的原因,进而提出对应措施。     

基于目标满意改进的辽宁农产品出口影响因素分析

辽宁是农产品出口大省,虽然出口额呈逐年上升趋势,但近几年受国内外不同问题和因素的影响,导致辽宁农产品出口出现了瓶颈。本文在总结了辽宁农产品出口的现状的基础上,探讨了辽宁农产品出口的问题,以此总结了影响出口的因素,并基于目标满意对影响因素进行了分析,最终提出了解决措施。