Strategic coupling evolution and destination upgrading

This paper adopts the concepts of strategic coupling and upgrading—key notions in global production network theories—under an integrated evolutionary and relational economic geography approach. It aims to understand the role of trans-local networks in increasing the innovativeness of local firms and, as a consequence, in shaping the evolutionary path of a destination. Empirical evidence derives from interviews with key stakeholders, complemented with secondary data. In doing so, the paper examines the influence of alliances between local stakeholders and global intermediaries operating in the Russian market in a Catalan destination from 1994 to 2013. The nature and dynamics of the strategic coupling patterns identified—cooperative, mediated, self-interested, and captive—as well as their upgrading outcomes are discussed.     

The impact of local food specialities on the decision to (re)visit a tourist destination: Market-expanding or business-stealing?

This paper studies how local food specialities can affect the attractiveness of tourist destinations, distinguishing between market-expanding and business-stealing effects. We surveyed 1100 Italians in their home about their intention to visit or revisit three popular mountain resorts in Northern Italy (Valtellina, Valle d’Aosta, Trentino), and about their experience, knowledge, and appreciation of five well-known local food products of these places (Pizzoccheri pasta, Bresaola dried beef, Fontina cheese, Melinda apples, Speck smoked ham). We find that product experience positively affects the likelihood of (re)visiting both a product's place of origin and the other mountain destinations (market-expanding effect). Conversely, the correct identification of the product's place of origin may reduce the intention to (re)visit the other destinations (business-stealing effect). Finally, strong appreciation for a local food speciality has a positive effect only on the intention to (re)visit the place of origin.     

我国省域酒店服务业规模化发展能力比较

从酒店服务业的整体规模、营业收入、营业利润等方面比较分析,了解我国不同区域间酒店服务业发展基础,探寻酒店服务业价值创新的着力点和模式。本文采用2006-2010年期间我国31个省区市酒店服务业数据,选取省域酒店数量、从业人数、客房收入、餐费收入、资产总额、固定资产、主营业务收入等指标,比较省域酒店服务业规模化发展能力,以分类指导酒店服务业的差异化发展。2010年全国国有企业、有限责任公司和私营企业酒店营业数据显示,其收入利润率低于外商投资企业、港澳台商投资企业,可见在内资企业的盈利模式处于劣势。而我国有限责任公司和私营企业酒店服务在税金缴纳比例方面又高于外商投资企业和港澳台商投资企业,甚至高于国有酒店企业。结论表明,我国有限责任公司和私营企业酒店服务创新难度和压力比国有企业更大。一方面国有企业在享有比较低的税率同时,强调稳健营业、规模经营,并没有充分发挥创新优势。另一方面外资企业和港澳台商酒店企业更强调和重视服务创新。研究还发现,国内广东省、北京市、浙江省、江苏省、山东省、上海市六省市酒店服务业规模化发展能力具有较强优势。     

Airports and tourism in Mozambique

This paper analyses airport efficiency in Mozambique from 2000 to 2012, estimating a cost function with random and fixed effects stochastic frontier models. A robustness test is undertaken with a Bayesian stochastic frontier model. The airports are ranked according to their technical efficiency (TE). The policy implication is that Mozambique should upgrade its managerial procedures to cope with the frontier of best practices.     

The ethical dimension of tourism certification programs

How much does perceived ethical obligation influence decision outcomes? This study investigates the decision-making processes involving corporate social responsibility in small and medium sized hospitality enterprises. Drawing on attitude–behavior theory we use a revised version of the theory of trying and include a measurement of perceived ethical obligation to explore these decision-making processes. A scenario based experimental design was employed, presenting four different CSR related choices to the respondents. Standard multiple regression analysis were run to test the model. The results gave moderate empirical support for the model and support was found for the proposed link between perceived ethical obligation and CSR engagement.     

小区域城市组群区域旅游发展对策研究———以红河谷城市组群为例

本文借鉴城市组群发展成熟地区经验，结合相关产业理论，对小区域城市组群旅游发展提出对策与建议。     

Residents’ quality of life and attitudes toward tourism development in China

The purpose of this study is to explore the influence of quality of life (QOL) and residential status on resident attitudes toward further tourism development. The measurement of tourism and quality of life (TQOL) is modified. Using a sample of 562 residents from Shenzhen OCT community of China, this study has identified six TQOL domains and examines the effects of each TQOL domains based on the residential status and residents' attitudes in supporting further tourism development. The results reveal that the positive supporting attitudes of residents depends on the selected TQOL domains, especially on non-material improvements of TQOL. Tenants and dormitory residents have more positive attitudes than those house owners. This study also identifies four resident clusters with different attitudes and it is found that the residents’ attitudes of tourism development depend on whether they perceive the community as a place for earning a living or a place to live.     

Using virtual communities in tourism research

In the current paper, the validity of web-based surveys was examined. An online questionnaire was sent to members of tourism research and travel-related virtual communities. The results showed extremely low opening and response rates, leading to biased samples. Several possible explanations for the results as well as practical recommendations were given for implementation of web-based surveys.     

我国西南地区旅游扶贫实施中应注意的若干问题

分析了旅游资源比较丰富的我国西南贫困地区旅游扶贫实施中应该注意的十大问题,包括实现多重目标的有机结合问题、旅游资源保护与开发的有机综合问题、旅游扶贫与小城镇开发建设有机整合问题、旅游扶贫与提升人力资源的有机会融合问题、旅游扶贫与旅游规划结合问题、旅游扶贫与其他扶贫方式结合问题、旅游扶贫理论与旅游扶贫实践结合问题、旅游扶贫的短期性的个别人收益与长期性的多数人受益结合问题、旅游扶贫与其他产业的共同发展结合问题、旅游扶贫和西部大开发结合起来等,为我国西南地区各级政府以及旅游部门有效开展旅游扶贫工作提供新思路。     

旅游产业集群动力机制研究——基于产业价值链与空间价值链视角

近年来,伴随着我国旅游市场的不断扩大和旅游产业的转型升级,旅游产业呈现出明显的集群特点和趋势。文章从价值链角度,对旅游产业集群形成与发展的内在机理进行了分析研究。首先阐明了价值链视角下的旅游产业集群及其动力机制的内涵;其次提炼了旅游产业集群的产业价值链"四链"服务层次与空间价值链"四环"空间结构的特点,并分别采用上海与张家界两个案例进行了论证;最后总结了旅游产业集群两个维度下的动力机制,包括产业价值链延伸扩展机制及空间价值链优化配置机制,前者具体体现在集群要素产业高端化、集群要素产业融合化及集群要素产业均衡化,后者主要包括环内竞争性优化配置及环间合作性优化配置,而且产业价值链延伸扩展机制及空间价值链优化配置机制既是相互独立又相互补充的。通过以上研究,文章希望既在学术上完善对旅游产业集群动力机制的理论研究,又在实践中对我国旅游产业发展提供了有益的指导。