Exploring destination's negative e-reputation using aspect based sentiment analysis approach: Case of Marrakech destination on TripAdvisor

Tourism is entering a phase of intellectual changes characterized by consumer power's dynamism through social media. The immense amount of internet knowledge has become the number one means of communication globally through emails and social networks. Any Internet user can freely express themselves and give their views and feelings on any subject, including companies. The current research aims to provide a new technique by combining topic modeling and lexicon-based algorithms to gain insights about Marrakech's e-reputation, enhancing the tourism experience in this city. This study explores about 39,216 TripAdvisor reviews from different locations and attractions in Marrakech, Morocco. This approach is mainly based on Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), to extract hidden aspects and dimensions from the feedbacks of tourists who visited Marrakech, search for some latent patterns inside the reviews and conduct Lexicon-based sentiment analysis to pinpoint the weaknesses directly and develop the touristic experience in this city.     

Tracing the consent,adaptation and resistance practices of an ‘unsustainable’ workforce: The governmentality of workplaces in tourism industry

This study takes a Foucauldian approach to neoliberal governmentality to analyze the multi-layered power relations at the tourism workplaces and the practices of subjection of employees to the industry's working conditions. It focuses on the neglected question of how tourism employees can continue working despite problems with their working conditions. Field research was conducted through semi-structured interviews with tourism workers in Alanya, one of Turkey's most important tourism cities, to reveal traces of employees' consent-adaptation-resistance practices in their everyday lives. The findings show that individuals are subjects in a multilayered power relationship. This subjection frames adaptation and resistance practices and reproduces unsustainable conditions within tourism workplaces. The findings offer critical insights into working conditions in the neoliberalized tourism workplaces dominated by Kafkaesque bureaucracy. The study encourages a new perspective highlighting the necessity of further criticism to promote decent work.     

The evolution of triadic relationships in a tourism supply chain through coopetition

The analysis of tourism supply chains has traditionally focused on the two-party relationships between vertical suppliers. However, since a full supply chain is composed of horizontal, vertical and diagonal suppliers, there is a gap in literature regarding the dynamics of how these triadic relationships operate within a tourism supply chain. Using a multiple case study design involving four tour operators in Macau, this paper explores the interplay of relationships among horizontal, vertical and diagonal suppliers. We capture the evolutionary dynamics of how coopetitive relationships are formed between horizontal suppliers, the subsequent impact on both vertical and diagonal suppliers, and the resulting overall changes in the structure of the tourism supply chain. This paper contributes to tourism supply chain literature through a coopetitive lens by analyzing the triadic relational links among horizontal, vertical and diagonal suppliers.     

Tourism experiences vs. material purchases: Effects of eudaimonic consumption motive on consumers’ reactions to invidious comparisons

Due to easy travel information access, tourists nowadays are susceptible to invidious post-purchase comparisons (e.g. realizing a better deal after purchase), which may compromise their satisfaction and further hurt the business. To understand this less-tapped issue, particularly in a context closer to reality where people spend limited discretionary income on both tourism experiences and material possessions, this study investigates to what extent people are disturbed by invidious comparisons in tourism experiential versus material consumptions. Drawing on the experience recommendation theory and eudaimonia-hedonia literature, we propose the presence of eudaimonic consumption motive as a critical determinant of resistance to invidious comparisons. Moreover, the implicit eudaimonic motive is the key contributor to the greater resistance of tourism experiential purchases to invidious comparisons than material purchases. Findings from two experimental studies supported these propositions. This study bridges and expands both experience recommendation and eudaimonia literature, while also informs approaches for alleviating invidious comparisons.     

Tourists’ cultural competence: A cosmopolitan perspective among Asian tourists

Cultural tourism has received increasing attention. Tourists play a crucial role in constructing rewarding intercultural experiences and cultural understanding. The current study explored the concept of tourists' cultural competence from a cosmopolitan perspective and proposed a framework for understanding the mechanism of tourists' interactions with cultural experience environment. A total of 33 participants were interviewed and data were analyzed using grounded theory. Cultural openness, understanding, consciousness, and participation were identified as elements of tourists' cultural competence, which can facilitate positive cultural behavior. This research contributes to the literature of cosmopolitanism and tourists’ cultural behavior. Managerial implications for tourist management and education are also discussed.     

Transformative Service Research in Hospitality

The goal of the paper is to investigate how sustainable hospitality companies accomplish the transformative potential of their business for improving the individual and collective well-being in the tourism and hospitality industry. Hence, we took into consideration the case of the Albergo Diffuso (AD), an innovative Italian model of hospitality. We adopted a case study approach based on 17 semi-structured interviews with key informants and a netnographic study analysing 1302 comments of previous guests - 286 in English and 1016 in Italian - on the popular booking website Tripadvisor. From the data analysis, five recurring themes emerged: Sustainability Concerns, Reciprocal Exchange, Mutual Network, Cultural Views, and Authentic Experience. These represent the Transformative Factors that impact on the individual and collective well-being from a hedonic and eudaimonic perspective in hospitality organisations.     

An empirical modeling of transformation process through trip experiences

Transformative experience has been the buzzword in recent years. Tourism and hospitality experiences in natural, historical, cultural, and authentic spaces are some of them. However, to this date, specific dimensions of transformation or its process have not been empirically identified. This study reviewed the literature on transformation, used open-ended questions to collect free-elicited responses on the meanings of transformation, collected expert opinion, and developed a 101-item scale reflecting different dimensions and the steps of the transformation process. The scale was validated with a sequential scale validation procedure; Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) were used to test the psychometric properties of the scale and model the constructs of the transformation process. A measurable definition of the transformation process is provided along with the tested model. A comprehensive model with antecedents, outcomes, and moderators of transformation is also suggested to further transformation research.     

A machine learning approach to cluster destination image on Instagram

Symbols are powerful in branding and marketing to represent tourist attractions. By bridging semiotics, marketing, and data science in the tourism context, this study uncovers the destination image based on Instagram photographs. This study constructed a novel methodological framework by evaluating different machine learning models to group textual information based on pictorial content. The results highlighted specific destination image clusters such as the wilderness and spirituality of alpine experiences. This information facilitates marketers' understanding of tourists’ preferences and movement. It also discloses blind spots that are less promoted by the marketers.     

Managing relationships in the Tourism Supply Chain to overcome epidemic outbreaks: The case of COVID-19 and the hospitality industry in Spain

The rapid spatial diffusion of the COVID-19 epidemic outbreak has resulted in the total economic disruption of the Tourism Supply Chain (TSC) causing a significant reduction in revenue and creating liquidity issues for all operators. Firms in TSC are linked to each other in complex patterns, leading one risk to another. The purpose of this article is to understand the role of relationship management between hotel chains and their key TSC agents in order to overcome economic disruptions caused by epidemic outbreaks. Among the main contributions of this article are the identification of governments, tour operators, and competitors as the key relationships to be managed by hospitality firms. In addition, key areas for coordination with these actors are explored. Finally, the objectives of relationship management according to the partner are also addressed.     

空气放电特性参数间相关性研究分析

通过对同轴圆筒结构在非平衡状态下进行放电实验研究,并对实验数据进行线性拟合分析,探究常温空气放电过程中各特性参数之间的联系.实验发现,在电压满足阈值条件时,频率变化是直接影响等离子射流的主要因素,频率改变会引起射流长度相应的变化.频率的连续变化过程中,因电场驻波的影响存在突变点;而射流温度与频率变化虽受驻波影响,存在极值跳变,但射流长度与射流温度基本成对应关系;在满足阈值条件下,射流温度与电压之间呈线性增长关系;气体流速小于1 L/min时,流速变化对射流温度影响较大;当流速在1～4 L/min时,射流温度随气流速度变化较小.