A Holistic Approach to Understanding the Use of Travel Guidebooks: Pre-, During,and Post-Trip Behavior

This study proposed a holistic approach to understanding the usage of travel guidebooks. Guidebooks were revealed to outperform other travel information sources in the stages of “during” and “post-travel” but lost their competitiveness in the pre-trip planning to the Internet, especially on the search for information on destination and accommodation. A factor analysis on an 18-item instrument concluded that travelers possess six underlying need dimensions when using guidebooks: reflective, security, confirming, destination, itinerary, and functional needs. Therefore, recommendations were provided for practitioners to reconsider the positioning of travel guidebooks when formulating product development and marketing strategies.     

Segmenting Chinese Outbound Tourists by Perceived Constraints

This study examines travel constraints experienced by Chinese outbound tourists. Four constraint factors are identified from visitor data collected in 2006: structural constraint, cultural constraint, information constraint, and knowledge constraint. Information constraint is identified as a factor unique to outbound tourists from China. Among the four constraint factors, structural constraint is the most dominant. Four clusters of visitors are therefore identified: culturally constrained, structurally constrained, absence of sufficient information, and knowledge constrained. The four clusters are distinct in terms of their destination loyalty. The characteristics of each segment are given, and the practical implications of the findings are discussed.     

Relationships between transport emissions and travel patterns in Britain

This paper explores the relationship between transport emissions and various measures of passenger travel patterns in Britain. The paper uses original data from the 1989/91 National Travel Survey and identifies a method for incorporating a range of vehicle operating conditions into calculations of vehicle emissions and energy consumption for each journey recorded in the National Travel Survey data. The paper shows that travel distance is a reasonable proxy for vehicle energy consumption and emissions of most pollutants. Travel distance per person is therefore a simple and readily available environmental indicator for transport. This indicator has potential application in the assessment of current transport policies and programmes and in the development of future policies and programmes.     

国旅行社从业人员总量需求趋势实证研究

随着旅游业在我国国民经济中地位的不断提高及旅游业的快速发展,旅游从业人员的数量也要不断增加,旅行社业作为旅游业的主要板块,其从业人员的数量及质量都将对其行业的发展产生重大影响。本文主要借助科学的方法,在占有大量资料的基础上,从实证的角度对我国旅行社未来几年的从业人员的总量进行了预测分析,以为相关部门及院校提供有益的参考。     

Latent class count models of total visitation demand: <Emphasis Type="Italic">days out hiking in the eastern Alps</Emphasis>

We report preliminary results on the investigation of the hypothesis of the existence of latent classes in the total demand for days out in a vast section of the Italian Eastern Alps. Finite mixing is informed by socioeconomic variables and it is limited to the demand portion of a hurdle model of visitation. Gradually more flexible count models are estimated moving from the Poisson to the Negative Binomial -1 and -2, to the generalized negative binomial. The implications for expected consumers surplus, predicted visitation and choke prices are discussed for a plausible 2 class model where years of experience play an important role in class membership.      

旅游者旅游交通方式选择行为研究——以杭州城市旅游边缘区为例

根据在包括富阳、临安、萧山及余杭等区域在内的杭州城市旅游边缘区共计585份问卷的分析和处理,得到了前往杭州城市旅游边缘区游览的旅游者旅游交通方式选择的特征。同时,本文还通过问卷的分析和处理,认为前往杭州城市旅游边缘区游览的旅游者旅游交通方式选择受到旅游者年龄结构、旅游者家庭收入及其他相关因素的影响,并对此进行了分析。     

高职旅游专业人才职业素质培养研究与实践

改革开放以来,我国旅游业获得长足的发展,为国民经济建设做出了巨大的贡献。但在旅游业获得快速发展的同时,我国旅游业也面临越来越多的问题和挑战,其中最大的问题是具有较高职业素质的人才缺乏。这就要求高等职业院校要认真研究旅游职业素质的构成、培养现状,从而为旅游专业人才职业素质的培养找到有效途径。     

Understanding Travel Constraints Among the Elderly in Hong Kong: A Comparative Study of the Elderly Living in Private and in Public Housing

This study aims to test the influence of constraints on travel of the elderly in Hong Kong and to compare perceived travel constraints of Hong Kong seniors in public and in private housing based on the hierarchical leisure constraints model. Face-to-face questionnaire interviews were conducted from December 2013 to April 2014. A total of 415 participants completed the interview successfully. Despite sharing the similar factor structure of the leisure constraints model, the two groups varied significantly in travel behavior, six constraint items, and seven regression paths.     

The perceived usefulness of blog postings: An extension of the expectancy-disconfirmation paradigm

Today millions of consumers connect with one another on travel blogs as both contributors and users. Contributors share detailed narratives of their recent experience with specific hotels/resorts leading to recommendations, while users acquire information from them to base their purchase decisions on. Hotel managers carefully monitor what previous guests say in the evaluations assuming that negative evaluations will deter future customers. Framed in the expectancy-disconfirmation paradigm, this study focused on clarifying the impact consumers who post on travel blogs have on blog users by analyzing user reactions to 134 travel matched blog recommendations. Findings demonstrate that as expected a higher percentage of blog users find multiple evaluations that are congruent with one another (both negative and positive) helpful, and that negative postings were not necessarily bad if followed by a positive counter reaction. Furthermore, the paper addresses the issue of deception attempting to determine if it exists and what effect it has on the web 2.0 medium. Implications for managers and researchers are discussed.