环境污染与区域经济竞争力互动关系的研究 ——基于西部地区面板VAR模型的实证分析

采用1994-2016年西部地区面板数据,构建面板向量自回归(PVAR)估计模型,实证分析环境污染与经济竞争力之间的动态关系,结果表明：①西部地区环境污染与经济竞争力之间存在交互影响的互动关系,二者之间的关系符合环境库兹涅茨(EKC)曲线的特征。②环境污染与经济竞争力之间不存在长期协整关系,但存在双向的格兰杰因果关系。方差分解结果表明,经济竞争力对环境污染变动的贡献度较大,而环境污染对经济竞争力的影响较小,说明西部地区经济竞争力的提升是以加剧环境污染为代价,而环境污染并不是阻碍经济竞争力提升的重要因素。因此,西部地区应注重产业结构调整与升级,大力发展绿色经济;促进贸易与环境、区域与环境的协调发展;提高环境规制水平,降低污染排放,实现环境保护与经济发展的协同机制。     

Planning for stingray tourism at Hamelin Bay,Western Australia: the importance of stakeholder perspectives

Stingray tourism continues to be developed at various locations around the world with the concept being marketed on television travel programmes, documentaries, internet sites and travel brochures. Food provisioned stingray tourism, for example, now attracts some 100 000 visitors a year to ‘tingray city’ in the Caymen Islands. At Hamelin Bay in southwest Western Australia, up to 16 large stingrays (Dasyatis brevicaudata and Dasyatis thetidis) and numerous eaglerays (Myliobatis australis) are fed by visitors from the waters edge. This study reports on stakeholder perspectives relating to tourism development and potential management of the Hamelin Bay site. From the results of this study it is clear that there is sufficient interest in stingray tourism (by all the stakeholders surveyed) to develop Hamelin Bay as a permanent feeding site. Visitors on average gave their experience with the rays a satisfaction value of 8.9 out of 10. Twenty‐five per cent of visitors surveyed did not want commercialisation, tour groups or excessive visitor numbers. Their main concern was that the health and safety of the rays may deteriorate with an increase of visitors if the situation is not managed correctly. Visitors desire to be educated about the rays, and how to best interact with them safely. Visitors also acknowledged that the site needs management through more signs, information and a management plan. Management for the site is therefore likely to be best implemented through the application of signage, development of guidelines/codes of conduct, protection of the rays and zoning the beach according to specific recreational purposes. Management regimes should also use various indicators to monitor the impacts of stingray tourism at Hamelin Bay. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

我国高校西方经济学教学方法新论

在中国高等教育国际化与大众化趋势日益明显的新形势下,高等教育的参与主体即教师与学生也出现了新变化,这对西方经济学的教学方法提出了新的要求。换位思考教学法、批判与创新式教学法、研究式教学法、体系式教学法、启发式教学法、兴趣式教学法、实验教学法等对改进西方经济学课程教学方法和提升教学效果可能会有所裨益。     

Exploring the on-site experience of slow tourists from an embodied practice perspective

The rise of slow tourism reflects tourists' high-quality needs under the accelerated pace of contemporary life. However, the on-site slow tourism experience remains underexplored despite its importance to both tourists and destinations. This study aims to explore how on-site experiences are created and identifies the features of the on-site experiences of slow tourism. From the perspective of embodied practice, the study finds that two patterns, slow-moving-and-pausing in the context of the local landscape environment and consuming-and-engaging in the context of local life and culture, account for the slow-tourist-oriented individuals creating their autotelic tourism experiences. Intra-personal and inter-personal experiences are found in the two different patterns that indicate the existential experience is, in essence, the slow tourists' emotional quest. Further, this study argues that slow tourism can be seen as an extension or intensification of daily routine experience.     

深化西部大开发税收政策改革的思考

本文回顾了10年来我国西部大开发税收政策的主要特征、政策成效和存在的问题,并针对国家2000年实施西部大开发后对区域经济发展规划的调整,特别是2009年以来国务院对珠江三角洲地区等区域规划批复情况,提出了保持西部大开发税收优惠政策连续性、稳定性,实现税收优惠政策多样化、税收优惠点面结合等政策建议。     

西周农官制度探析

西周农官名称繁多,但由于农官称谓不固定、官称区分不清晰、农官职能不稳固、农官权限不明确,在他们的统属关系和权限划分上略显混杂。与较低的生产力水平及生产过程的对抗性相适应,西周农官对农业生产主要采取直接指挥监督的管理方式。当时大夫以上级别的农官由特定家族世代承袭,保证其认真履职的手段主要是加强监督。下层农官则由选举产生,并通过考绩决定其升降奖惩。     

桂西山区脱贫与发展研究

桂西山区系我国集团连片的贫困山区之一和少数民族聚居地,也是我国著名的革命老区之一,目前的贫困面依然较大,脱贫与发展的任务艰巨;以该区的贫困现状为切入点、研究了该区的贫困原因及脱贫与发展的有利条件,提出脱贫与发展的思路与对策。     

基于主客视角的苏南传统村落旅游地乡愁的时间特征

“记得住乡愁”是乡村旅游和乡村振兴的重要内容。本文基于居民和游客视角,以苏南传统村落为案例地,探讨乡愁的时间特征。结果表明：（1）乡愁主体方面：相对暂居村落的外来人口,三代以上的世代居民对家乡乡愁情感更加强烈;出生在1950—1959和1960—1978年间的这两代游客较多成长在乡村,乡愁文化感知相对更高;离开家乡在外工作生活时间越长的游客在传统村落旅游时,其乡愁情感和乡愁记忆比起未离开家乡或离开家乡较短的人更加强烈。（2）乡愁触点方面：触发居民和游客乡愁的季节集中在秋天和冬天,天气集中在下雨和落雪时,时辰集中在深夜和傍晚时,节庆集中在春节、中秋节、清明节和家乡特有节日,假日主要集中在周末、寒假和“十一”国庆假期。（3）乡愁记忆方面：主客乡愁记忆都主要集中在童年,其次是青少年,最后是成年和老年;游客产生乡愁的频率比居民频率相对高。（4）乡愁载体回忆顺序：主客乡愁载体都会提到“家”和“乡”相关场所和空间,其回忆的顺序是家人、家、家乡和国家。文章最后总结了乡愁旅游开发的启示。     

西部大开发战略对西部地区碳排放影响效应研究

西部大开发战略在促进西部地区经济增长的同时,也影响了西部地区的碳排放量。为衡量西部大开发战略对碳排放的影响效应,文章收集了我国30个省份1997—2017年的省际面板数据,以Eviews10构建DID模型进行研究分析。发现西部大开发战略在西部地区碳排放绝对量增长的背景下,并未增加西部地区的碳排放量,反而促进了西部地区后发优势的发挥,具有生态友好性;进一步研究发现,西部大开发战略使西部地区碳源结构进一步向煤炭碳源倾斜。西部大开发战略在新时期应促进西部地区技术经济的发展,合理利用西部资源的同时开发新能源,保持生态友好性,促进西部地区经济—生态双赢模式的发展。     

Tourists' perceptions of heritage tourism development in Danish‐Osu,Ghana

This paper examines the tourist perceptions at Danish, Osu‐Ghana within the dark tourism or slavery heritage contexts. Using Cohen's (1979) typology of tourist experience, we differentiate between tourist knowledge of a heritage site relative to socio‐demographic indices. The results indicate that tourists' perception of Danish‐Osu reflect their knowledge of the site in relation to its cultural heritage attributes. In addition, it was found that tourists have dual experiences of the site: those that relate to recreational pursuits of heritage sites and those that ascribe meanings based on their background. The contemporary nature and use of Transatlantic Slave Trade relics for tourism development makes the case of the Danish‐Osu more delicate considering the ethical implications of interpreting the community's past to tourists as the borderlines are unclear. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.