食品标准跨国合作对我国食品标准工作的影响

食品安全问题全球化背景下,食品安全的改善需要更加深入的跨国合作.当前正值我国食品安全标准清理工作的关键时期,深入研究食品安全标准跨国合作对我国食品标准的影响、对完善我国食品安全跨国合作内容和方式及促进我国食品标准的科学性和适用性具有重要意义.文章在探讨我国食品安全标准跨国合作现状基础上深入分析尚存在的问题,并提出了一些对策建议作为决策参考.     

Variations in SME Characteristics and the Use of Service Intermediaries for R&D

Large companies increasingly look externally for opportunities to enhance innovation, which has resulted in closer study of innovation systems. We examined the role of service intermediaries (universities, technology centers, and consultants) within these systems using a sample of predominately small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises located in Valencia, Spain. As with studies of large companies, absorptive capacity (e.g., research and development expenditures) was positively related to the likelihood that a firm would engage in service collaborations. However, the rate of collaboration was higher relative to studies dominated by larger companies. Also, there were differences in the pattern of firm characteristics associated with the use of specific services. For example, the level of SME export activity related positively to the use of technology centers, but negatively to university collaborations. Copyright © 2011 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

国际贸易商务协同环境下业务执行模式研究

结合国际贸易商务协同环境的基本情况,分析商务协同机制的特点,并在此基础上研究国际贸易业务执行模式现状和商务协同环境下业务执行模式的特点。     

基于BP神经网络的制造企业精益供应链协同风险评价研究

建立了精益供应链协同风险评价指标体系,并运用BP神经网络方法进行协同风险评价,为制造企业精益供应链协同风险的评价提供理论指导。     

When Soloists Form a Choir: Communication Requirements of Sustainability Networks

SUMMARY

In this paper sustainability-oriented intersectoral collaboration is studied with a focus on communication aspects. In contrast to earlier contributions in literature, the major perspective here is not how the marketers involved can use such a partnership as an effective communications tool. Rather the sustainability network itself is seen as pluralistic actor who strives for optimizing its comunication both to internal and external target audiences. Drawing on results from a qualitative case study of a sustainability network, requirements of intersectoral communication are determined. These sets of demands comprise the basis for the elaboration of a network communication design in the future.     

Electronic marketplace definition and classification: literature review and clarifications

The definitions and classifications of any new phenomenon build a strong foundation for further research. Although research on electronic marketplaces (EMs) has proliferated in recent years, related definitions and classifications are still confusing and misleading. The purpose of this paper is to perform a review of the EM literature, and to clarify and explain published information about electronic marketplaces. For EM definitions, we emphasise (1) the difference between EMs as governance structures and as business models, and (2) EMs at different levels of centralisation. For EM classifications, we summarise nine of the most commonly mentioned classifications, and examine the differences and correlations among them. By doing so, potential confusion and common misunderstanding about the different EM definitions and classifications are clarified.     

Systems for finding people

Finding a previously unknown person with the skills and knowledge to answer a question or perhaps to collaborate with is an effective use of a computer‐mediated communication (CMC) system. This article discusses two aspects of systems for finding people, system architectures, and organizational implications.

The architectures considered are special interest groups, centralized servers, and decentralized systems. The organizational implications are the value to organizations of people‐finding systems, management incentives for individuals to participate in them, and participation in the absence of apparent incentives.

The deployment and improvement of people‐finding and other CMC systems will bestow a marginal advantage upon cooperative individuals and organizations with cooperative cultures. As a result, CMC may marginally alter organizational and human nature, nudging us in the direction of a time when nice guys finish first.     

Conform or rebel: when does keeping to the rules enhance firm performance?

This paper examines whether there are economic rewards to mimicking strategic actions of other firms. The strategic behaviour we study is the formation of technology collaborations with MNEs by Indian firms. We argue that conforming to the behaviour of other firms has differential performance effects across different classes of firms and suggest that the benefits of conformity accrue more to small than large firms. To test this, we measured each Indian firm's conformity to the average tendency of other similar firms to collaborate with an MNE and then regressed its performance on conformity. Results were consistent with our expectations that small firms gain more from conformity than do their larger counterparts. Copyright © 2009 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

物流信息系统对供应链合作效应分析——以韩国报关企业为例

分析了物流信息系统对供应链合作绩效的影响,发现物流信息系统对供应链内部合作和供应链间合作的服务以及费用绩效都有较大影响,指出供应链合作是提升供应链绩效水平的充要条件。     

The experience of forming business relationships in tourism

This study examines the formation of business relationships among tourism organisations. A phenomenographic study conducted with 25 managers drawn from regional tourism organisations in Queensland, Australia revealed three qualitatively different but interrelated ways of experiencing relationships: as competition, co‐operation and collaboration. Differences among experiences were accounted for by the way managers defined the meanings of several dimensions common to each experience. The results suggest managers' experiences can be developmentally ordered on a continuum of relationships that demonstrate progressively more complex and inclusive approaches to forming relationships. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.