涉农上市公司的实际态势:内源融资博弈外部融资

融资约束问题已经成为制约农业上市公司规模扩张和产业带动作用的重要因素。以现代企业融资理论为基础,通过将农业上市公司与非农业上市公司进行横向比较,从内源融资与外源融资两个方面分析我国农业上市公司面临的融资约束问题发现,农业上市公司得到了一定的政策扶持,但依然面临较强的内部融资约束与信贷配给;农业上市公司在股权市场上的融资比重并没有显著增加,与承担的风险相比,股东收益率明显偏低。     

山东省现代服务业的发展现状及对策

现代服务业在国民经济发展中的作用已经越来越重要.虽然山东省的现代服务业已有了很大发展,但仍旧存在一些制约因素."十一五"期间必须采取一系列措施,促进现代服务业持续、健康、快速地发展.     

纳税信用评级结果披露与研发投入

以纳税信用评级披露作为一个天然外生冲击,并基于2013—2016年1214家A股上市公司的微观数据构造准自然实验,使用双重差分法系统评估纳税信用评级结果披露对上市公司研发投入的影响。结果发现:纳税信用评级结果披露显著增加了上市公司的研发投入。基于PSM-DID方法的估计结果与上述结论无明显差异。稳健性检验也表明上述结论的正确性。机制检验表明,纳税信用评级结果披露通过降低企业的融资约束,进而促进企业增加研发投入。此外,分样本回归发现纳税信用评级结果披露只能对中小型企业和民营企业的研发投入产生促进作用。     

Resilience and well-being production among vulnerable consumers facing systematic constraints

This paper explores how vulnerable consumers within systematic constraints of economic inequality, institutional barriers, and social segregation in an urban environment cope with their vulnerabilities to achieve their well-being. Taking China's internal migrant workers as a research context, our study examines their vulnerable experiences and reveals the impact of systematic constraints on migrant workers' self-perception, interpretation, and actions. It discovers a staged process through which migrant workers acquire resilience to optimize life satisfaction by fulfilling a sense of control over their migration life. Through a situated approach to capture the contextual impact of systematic constraints on vulnerability experiences and the construction of resilient pathways to achieve well-being, this paper puts forward critical welfare issues such as inclusive marketplace, social capital, and community empowerment which are important to migrants' social integration and capability building. This calls for more coordinated efforts to promote effective resilience building and sustained well-being among resource-constrained consumers.     

黑土地保护性耕作发展的制约瓶颈和突破路径

保护性耕作是东北黑土地保护利用的有效途径,是落实"藏粮于地、藏粮于技"战略的重要抓手。新世纪以来,黑土地保护性耕作经历了从农机主导向农机农艺融合发展的历程,呈现出技术结构集成化、推广主体多元化、应用主体规模化的发展趋势。同时,在黑土地保护性耕作发展过程中,面临着来自于农户认知、技术结构、土地规模、推广体系、补偿机制等方面的现实障碍。因此,需要从提升农户认知水平、加强先进适用的技术研发与集成、推进农业生产经营方式创新、构建新型农技推广体系、加强政策引导与法制建设等方面营造黑土地保护性耕作的发展之路。     

The sustainability behaviour of small firms in tourism: the role of self-efficacy and contextual constraints

This article presents a grounded theory to explain why some small businesses in tourism adopt sustainable business practices while others do not, even when they share environmental and wider sustainability concerns. It does so based on research undertaken among business owners in Crete. The paper starts by considering studies on sustainability awareness, knowledge and the mechanisms for accepting responsibility. Secondly, it summarises the influence of task difficulty and effort on sustainability self-efficacy. Thirdly, it focuses on social comparisons and vicarious experiences, as a way of learning what is important. Finally, it examines powerlessness due to perceived situational constraints. In so doing, the study finds that self-efficacy helps to explain sustainable attitude formation and the attitude-behaviour gap; it partly shifts the locus of responsibility for an inability to act sustainably away from the individual and towards their context. The paper contributes to the theoretical literature on small businesses and sustainability, and leads to new avenues for policy interventions.     

Small business survival and inheritance: evidence from Germany

This paper investigates whether small businesses face financial constraints that affect their survival. A model of moral hazard is developed in which financial constraints arise endogenously. The model predicts that higher private assets relax financial constraints and have a positive effect on the firm’s probability of survival. The empirical analysis confirms that the entrepreneur has a higher propensity to stay in business when she inherits capital. This effect is particularly strong for entrepreneurs who switch from self-employment into wage employment.

中国鲟鱼养殖产业发展战略思考

鲟鱼在我国境内自然分布的有2科3属共8种,在攻克其人工繁殖和苗种驯养技术后,人工养殖区域逐步扩大。2012年,我国鲟鱼产量达到55184吨,鱼籽酱产量约30吨,鲟鱼养殖产业链基本形成,在全球鲟鱼产业中的重要地位日益显现。归纳其成功经验主要得益于：一是科技推动与示范作用,二是政策引导作用,三是龙头企业引领作用。然而,产业的快速发展也使得鲟鱼种质资源利用不合理、产业规模化技术瓶颈、国内企业恶性竞争、国内市场消费水平低等制约因素逐步显现,作者提出产业发展战略目标,认为目前只有从规范行业运转模式、加强鲟鱼科技创新、实施配额制度、完善相关行政法规等角度人手,才能保障我国鲟鱼产业的可持续发展。     

土地财政、虚高城市化与土地粗放利用

本文从我国当前土地利用低效的现实出发,借助制度经济学和博弈论等理论方法,分析了我国体制转型期土地财政、虚高城市化以及土地粗放利用之间的因果联系。研究表明,我国在城市化过程中出现的种种土地低效利用现象,与体制转型期地方政府的行为,尤其是追求土地财政的冲动密不可分。城市化虚高除表现在城市拓展与产业结构升级背道而驰、人口城市化明显滞后于土地城市化之外,更直接的表现则是许多地方热衷“摊大饼”式的城市化扩张模式。在以经济增长为导向的发展目标激励下,作为城镇建设土地的所有者、供给者与垄断者“三位一体”的政府,会倾向于通过权衡土地的成本和收益,从而赋予土地宏观方面的增长功能。由于中央政府对地方政府的软预算约束,在城市化过程中,地方政府采取“经营城市”、“经营土地”的策略行为就成为题中应有之义,土地的粗放利用也成为必然之后果。     

环境约束下的制造业生产率增长分析

本文引入Malmquist-Luenberger生产率指数,对比分析环境约束和无约束情形下的2001-2008年中国制造业28个细分行业生产率增长状况。进一步的,本文分别将行业全要素生产率指数、技术进步指数及技术效率指数作为生产率增长指标,选取资本深化、行业规模、科技投入、环境污染和行业属性作为解释变量,利用面板数据回归模型分析环境约束下生产率增长影响因素。研究发现,忽略环境约束会低估制造业技术效率水平及其指数,但会高估技术进步指数和全要素生产率指数;分析结果表明影响因素对生产率增长均有显著影响。