激励和长期留住优秀员工的11条秘笈

作者通过在几家跨国大公司的十几年管理层工作经验和对相关公司的调查研究后分析总结出了组织如何激励员工并吸引和长期留住优秀员工的11条秘笈.这些研究对组织在当今激烈竞争的市场条件如何招到人才、培养人才并长期留住这些高素质的人才,并使其为组织的最终成功不懈努力工作具有很强的现实指导意义.文章正是基于这种背景从最关键的11个方面研究分析了组织如何激励和长期留住优秀员工并让他们长期为企业贡献力量,从而使企业表现出较强的活力和竞争力.     

Economic Synthesis: A Review of the Work of Boris Ischboldin

Current research on efficiency wages and transaction costs utilizes models of economic behavior that require a theory of market institutions. Yet the institutional structure of market exchange appears at odds with the neoclassical theory of markets under perfect competition. Both Samuel Bowles/Herbert Gintis and David Levine recognize this as a problem for traditional economic theory. Bowles and Gintis suggest that market power is a prerequisite for the effective utilization of resources within the capitalist enterprise. Levine identifies market exchange with the need for individuals to define for themselves a distinct way of life in order to secure the recognition of others and preserve the integrity of the self. The middle ground between a theory of market power and individual personality formation lies in the inherent social relations governing market exchange. By exploring this middle ground, market exchange can be presented as a set of communicative practices through which individual needs are shaped and power is either challenged or maintained.     

同一控制下的企业合并:动机与经济后果——基于ST万杰的案例分析

以ST万杰与山东省商业集团总公司等的合并为例,分析了同一控制下企业合并的动机与经济后果。研究发现:大股东完全控制下的企业合并并没有实现合并的协同效应;合并主要为了避免ST万杰退市,保住壳资源;合并是当地政府推动下的企业合并。研究结论对完善中的同一控制下企业合并的相关政策和法规的制定具有启示意义。     

Consumer surplus analysis under uncertainty: A general equilibrium perspective

This paper derives an exact form of partial equilibrium efficiency measure under uncertainty which is consistent with expected utility maximization in a general equilibrium situation with ex-post spot markets for many goods and asset markets which are in general incomplete.We consider that the good under consideration tends to be negligibly small compared to the entire set of commodity characteristics which is assumed to be a continuum, and look into the limit property of preferences over state-contingent consumption of the good and state-contingent income transfer associated to it. We show that the limit preference exhibits risk neutrality, not only that it exhibits no income effect, meaning that the two conditions are tied together. We also show that the marginal rate of substitution between extra income transfers at different states of the world converges to the ratio between the Lagrange multipliers associated to those states. When the asset markets are complete such ratios are equalized between consumers, but it is not the case in general when the asset markets are incomplete. This means that using the aggregate expected consumer surplus as the welfare measure will be in general inconsistent with individuals’ expected utility maximization in the general equilibrium environment or with ex-ante Pareto efficiency.     

品牌关系及其驱动因素剖析

随着产品同质化程度的加强,顾客消费更倾向于个性品牌获取价值,企业则是借助品牌与顾客保持长期、稳定的关系来赢利。品牌关系便成为这一时期的重要研究课题;因此,揭示品牌关系的内涵,并从中分析品牌关系的驱动因素,是这一研究领域的首要任务。     

Satisfied with red tape? Leadership,civic duty,and career intention in the military

We examine how the coerciveness of HR procedures and leadership behaviours affect job satisfaction (JS) and career intention (CI), and how civic duty (CD) mediates these relationships. Within the framework of the human resource management performance chain, we draw on leadership and motivational theories and test the proposed relations in a structural equation model with data from a survey of the Federal Armed Forces Germany (n = 1,331). The findings show that the behaviour of supervisors, rather than red tape, influences JS and CI. The results extend our understanding of the interplay between leadership behaviours and followership attitudes under high degrees of organizational coercion.     

Testing competing models of loss aversion: an adversarial collaboration

This paper reports an ‘adversarial collaboration’—a project carried out by two individuals or research groups who, having proposed conflicting hypotheses, seek to resolve their dispute. It describes an experiment which investigates whether, when individuals consider giving up money in exchange for goods, they construe money outlays as losses or as foregone gains. This issue bears on the explanation of the widely observed disparity between willingness-to-pay (WTP) and willingness-to-accept (WTA) valuations of costs and benefits, which has proved problematic for contingent valuation studies. The results of the experiment are broadly consistent with the hypothesis that money outlays are perceived as losses.     

Hidden benefits of reward: A field experiment on motivation and monetary incentives

We conducted a field experiment in a controlled work environment to investigate the effect of motivational talk and its interaction with monetary incentives. We find that motivational talk improves performance only when accompanied by performance pay. Moreover, performance pay reduces performance unless it is accompanied by motivational talk. These effects also carry over to the quality of work. Performance pay alone leads to more mistakes. Adding motivational talk makes the difference. In treatments with performance pay, motivational talk increases output by about 20 percent and reduces the ratio of mistakes by more than 40 percent.