旅游业的环境影响研究

随着大众旅游时代的到来,旅游业的环境影响日渐强烈,并成为公众关注与研究的重要问题。文章从旅游业的自然环境影响、社会环境影响以及旅游地居民的心理响应三个方面综合论述了近年旅游业环境影响研究的新成果。旅游业环境影响量化评价指标体系、旅游业影响下旅游地的未来环境变迁以及自然环境、社会环境和旅游地居民的心理响应之间的交互作用机理将是未来旅游业的环境影响研究的关键内容。     

Network analysis of the Caucasus’ image

Destination image is influenced by many factors, including destination promotion materials, the mass media as a general familiarity agent, the perceivers’ own characteristics and even researchers’ methodological choices. To isolate and minimize the impact of research on destination image, different qualitative and quantitative designs and analysis techniques have been utilized. However, no previous study utilized the network analysis technique, which may be useful to reveal a picture of destination image with the interconnections and hidden dynamisms of dimensions as well as its correlates. The present study applies this technique on qualitative data from an online sample of Americans on their perceptions of a relatively remote and unfamiliar destination, the Caucasus region, in order to hone in on the dramatic impact of mass media on destination image. Results revealed networks of meanings with residue of mass media messages about Boston bombing, with some differences among different genders and education levels.     

The development of a destination brand identity: a story of stakeholder collaboration

Literature has demonstrated the central role of stakeholders and collaboration in destination branding. However, empirical studies on stakeholder interactions and their dynamics in destination and place branding are still rare. The objective of this study is to examine how different kinds of factors and internal stakeholders’ actions contribute to destination brand identity development. Drawing from social identity and place branding theories, and empirical research from a ski destination, we identify five factors and four actions contributing to the destination brand identity development process. Our findings indicate that a strong informal stakeholder group can take the leadership in brand development and that the role of the destination marketing organisation might be overemphasised in the literature on destination marketing and management.     

Why Do They Keep Coming Back? The Effect of Push Motives vs. Pull Motives,and Attribute Satisfaction on Repeat Visitation of Tourist Destinations

We conjecture that attribute satisfaction, push motives and pull motives will be positively related to return visitation of tourist destinations. We also hypothesize that push factors will be stronger related to return visitation of tourist destinations than pull factors, both directly and indirectly as mediators of the relationship between attribute satisfaction and return visitation. In addition, we predict that age and gender will moderate the effect of push and pull factors on repeat visitation. Finally, we argue that push factors and pull factors will be mutually reinforcing. To test these hypotheses, we conducted an online survey of repeat tourists’ motives, and received 986 complete responses. Survey participants were randomly chosen from a group that met a series or qualifying questions. PLS-SEM analysis of the data showed that, as we hypothesized, attribute satisfaction and push motives were positively related to repeat visitation. In contrast, pull motives were not related to repeat visitation, either directly or indirectly, but did reinforce the effect of push motives; gender did not moderate either push or pull motives and age moderated only pull motives. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of these findings.     

人大预算决策、机会主义行为与宪法性约束

与行政部门一样,立法机构在预算决策过程中同样存在着机会主义行为.本文从抑制公共支出总量膨胀与防止公共支出结构异化这两个角度,就如何施加宪法性约束以限制人大在预算决策过程中的机会主义行为做出了理论的探讨.问题的研究对于目前正在进行的<预算法>的修订和完善具有重要的参考价值.     

PI背景下的TDI结构方程模型

态度理论为地区形象(PI)和旅游目的地形象(TDI)的联合研究提供了一个平台。本文构建了一个理论上的地区形象背景下的旅游目的地形象结构方程模型。模型是一个具有因果关系的结构方程模型,包括8个潜变量和28个观测变量。以徐州为例,在运用SPSS15.0软件对数据进行信度检验的基础上,利用LISREL8.70软件对模型进行了验证性因子分析和路径分析。研究发现:(1)结构模型中各潜变量之间的路径与假定基本符合,模型的整体拟合性能良好;(2)旅游资源认知和旅游服务认知会对旅游意愿产生作用,这符合我们的传统理念;(3)地区特征和居民素质对旅游服务感知、目的地评价和旅游意愿三者均有效应,而地区竞争力和居民竞争力仅对旅游服务感知产生影响。     

航班计划优化研究概述

从航班计划优化的不同时间阶段分析,可以将航班计划优化分为航班计划静态编排优化、基于航班延误预测的航班计划动态反馈优化和基于机场协同决策(A-CDM)的航班计划动态调整角度三类;进而从航班时刻、机型指派、航班频率等编制环节分析了航班计划静态编排优化;随后利用延误波及预测与数据挖掘预测的优化方法分析了基于航班延误预测的航班计划动态反馈优化的相关研究。最后,根据航班计划优化复杂性分析,给出了航班计划优化的发展趋势和未来研究方向。     

钻井远程实时决策系统的开发与应用

在构造复杂地区,累计发生钻井复杂情况较高,实施安全钻井就显得非常重要。而钻井远程实时决策系统不仅可以及时对各种可能发生的钻井复杂情况进行提前决策分析,还可以在后方通过图文并茂的方式实时显示现场情况,这样后方专家就可以利用该系统进行多井远程实时决策和现场技术支持。该系统首先实现了远程数据的实时采集、统计分析已钻井资料总结出异常数据变化规律、并提出新的灰色关联理论计算方法,并对元坝272H井进行了应用测试,决策界面美观清晰,测试结果显著,得到了工程院专家的认可。     

旅游地意象、地方依恋与旅游者环境责任行为——以浙江省旅游度假区为例

文章综合旅游地意象、地方依恋及环境责任行为理论,将旅游地意象分为5个要素,将地方依恋分为2个要素,并构建了旅游地意象、地方依恋与旅游者环境责任行为之间的关系模型。研究发现:(1)景观意象、设施意象、服务意象及安全意象均直接影响情感意象。设施意象与服务意象不仅直接影响地方依赖,且通过情感意象来实现。安全意象和景观意象间接影响地方依赖。安全意象、服务意象及景观意象不仅直接影响地方认同,且通过地方依赖来实现。设施意象间接影响地方认同。服务意象不仅直接影响旅游者环境责任行为,且通过地方依恋来实现。景观意象、设施意象及安全意象间接影响旅游者环境责任行为。(2)情感意象直接影响地方依赖,间接影响地方认同与旅游者环境责任行为。(3)地方依赖直接影响地方认同和旅游者环境责任行为,且通过地方认同间接影响旅游者环境责任行为。     

基于实验人文地理学的旅游目的地选择行为研究

文章基于实验经济学和计算机实验人文地理学的方法思想,以旅游目的地选择行为研究为案例。首先设定研究目标,进而提出了实验的前提假设。采用地理信息科学和网络服务技术,构建旅游目的地选择行为实验平台,展开实例研究,研究结果表明:(1)进行大尺度旅游目的地选择时,被试者表现出不断追求旅游效益最大化这一目标,且与旅游目的地的资源类型无关。(2)被试者经过一定实验学习后,总体上呈现出不断追求个人收益最大化的趋势。然而,有些情况下,也可能出现决策失误。案例研究的成功进一步表明,实验人文地理学思想方法和研究手段对于典型人文地理学问题进行研究是可行的。文章为正在发展的实验人文地理学发展提供了案例指导。