Intra-Industry Effects of Earnings Restatements Due to Accounting Irregularities

Abstract:  This paper investigates the intra-industry effects of earnings restatements due to accounting irregularities. We detect a significant contagion effect for rival firms whose cash flow characteristics are similar to those of the restating firm. The restatement doesn't seem to influence all the firms in the industry or firms that have a high probability of involving the same type of accounting irregularity as the restating firm does. We do not detect any competitive effect; nor do we find a significant change in the implied cost of equity capital of the rival firms, suggesting that the contagion effect is due to the revision in the expected short-run future earnings of the rival firms.     

The Predictive Value of Expenses Excluded from Pro Forma Earnings

We investigate the informational properties of pro forma earnings. This increasingly popular measure of earnings excludes certain expenses that the company deems non-recurring, non-cash, or otherwise unimportant for understanding the future value of the firm. We find, however, that these expenses are far from unimportant. Higher levels of exclusions lead to predictably lower future cash flows. We also find that investors do not fully appreciate the lower cash flow implications at the time of the earnings announcement. A trading strategy based on the excluded expenses yields a large positive abnormal return in the years following the announcement, and persists after controlling for various risk factors and other anomalies.     

新旧准则下盈余管理的技术方法及其识别

新准则自2007年1月1日在上市公司施行以来，扩大了上市公司盈余管理可以采用的技术方法。本文将新旧准则下的盈余管理的技术方法进行对比分析，从而给会计信息的使用者和上市公司的监管部门对过度盈余管理的识别提供借鉴。     

Positive (Zero) NPV Projects and the Behavior of Residual Earnings

This paper analyzes the time‐series behavior of residual earnings as it relates to the existence of positive NPV opportunities (or 'rents'). The issue is of interest because many recent papers (e.g., Lo and Lys, 1999; and Holthausen and Watts, 2001) have commented on it in the context of the Ohlson (1995) model. The analysis shows that the Ohlson (1995) model allows for positive NPV opportunities, contrary to the frequently made claims.     

The Role of the Options Market in the Dissemination of Private Information

Abstract:   This paper examines the role the options market plays in the dissemination of private information. We find abnormal volume in the options market for three days prior to management forecasts, controlling for concurrent equity volume. Classifying trades as long or short, we find more informed options volume relative to equity volume (1) with relatively greater options market liquidity; (2) when equity is listed on the NYSE or AMEX; (3) for larger surprises; (4) with fewer analysts; (5) for shorter times between the forecast and period end; (6) for good news forecasts; and (7) for smaller percentage institutional holdings.     

The Circumstances and Legal Consequences of Non‐GAAP Reporting: Evidence from Restatements*

Our study examines the circumstances of non‐GAAP financial reporting by 492 U.S. companies that announced restatements from 1995 to 1999. We focus on income statements to analyze the occurrence and resolution of litigation over restatements and explore the role of accounting items in bringing and resolving this litigation. We provide evidence on the pervasiveness of accounting misstatements, describe their nature, and show how, if at all, they affect litigation. We assess the nature of restatements by determining whether regular, recurring earnings from primary operations (core) or other components of earnings (noncore) are misstated, and we assess their pervasiveness by estimating the number of primary accounts misstated. In our sample, companies with core restatements have higher frequencies of intentional misstatements (fraud) and subsequent bankruptcy or delisting. Likewise, these companies have, on average, more material misstatements, more negative security price reactions to restatement announcements, and more negative security price changes over the six months preceding and following restatement announcements. However, controlling for these and other factors, we find a significant association between accounting items and litigation, whether occurrences or resolutions. Specifically, core restatements — driven primarily by misstatements of revenue, a component of core earnings — and more pervasive restatements each play a role, while misstatements of noncore earnings alone do not.     

论技术资本参与企业收益分配的影响因素

近年来,日益彰显出的技术资本在创新发展模式、提高自主创新能力战略中的作用使得如何充分发挥技术资本所有者的积极性与创造性成为亟待解决的现实问题,其中科学地界定技术资本及其影响因素,使技术资本合理地参与企业收益分配就是解决此问题的一个有效途径和手段。     

基于新会计准则的上市公司盈余管理实证研究

盈余管理对资本市场和投资者利益日益彰显的损害,使得它成为目前会计领域研究的焦点之一。在对新会计准则之于上市公司盈余管理的影响进行实证研究的基础上,得出以下结论:第一,整体而言,新会计准则与旧会计准则对于上市公司盈余管理程度的影响并无明显不同;第二,新会计准则对不同行业上市公司盈余管理行为的影响不同。     

会计改革提高我国上市公司财务报告稳健性了吗?

以1992—2005年中国A股上市公司为样本,采用多重度量方式,包括累积应计数字变化、盈余反应好坏消息的时效性差异以及净值相对于市值持续向下偏误的程度等,对我国上市公司财务报告稳健程度进行研究。研究结果发现:自1998年起,由于会计改革与证券法的颁布实施,我国上市公司财务报告的稳健程度在显著增加。结果进一步揭示,我国在会计领域推行的各项会计改革与监管措施在实际运行过程中发挥了一定的成效。     

新资产减值准备会计准则对ST公司财务的影响——以ST东方通信为例

从ST东方通信股份有限公司年度财务报告中提取有用的会计信息,论证新资产减值准备会计准则对ST上市公司所产生的影响,可以看出,新减值准备的出台,将在一定程度上抑制一些上市公司进行盈余管理的行为,使会计信息更加真实、准确的反映出来。