以资源为基础的企业竞争优势理论的演进与发展趋势

文章以企业＂异质性＂的根源为主线,认为企业异质性的根源存在一个由物质资本资源到人力资本资源,再到组织资本资源的演进过程。那么相应地,由于企业竞争优势源自企业＂异质性＂,论述企业＂异质性＂根源的过程,就同时也是描述以资源为基础的企业竞争优势理论的演进过程。以此为基础,本文认为企业能力理论与企业知识理论是在探索企业竞争优势源泉的过程中形成和发展起来的,是以资源为基础的企业竞争优势理论的发展阶段,而不是一般所认为的是与以资源为基础的企业竞争优势理论并行的两个理论。     

基于系统理论的水资源统一管理范畴探讨

水资源可持续发展战略已经成为各国社会、经济和环境发展的共同准则。我国也提出新时期治水思路是水资源的可持续利用,而这一目标的实现,在一定程度上取决于水资源的统一管理及其管理体制。文章运用系统理论,从水资源系统的整体性、层次性、目的性、动态性和开放性、自然属性和社会属性等特性出发,分析了水资源统一管理的必要性,提出基于系统理论的水资源统一管理的管理范畴模型,并结合深圳市和重庆市水务一体化改革的经验进行了实践分析。     

基于生命周期理论的农业高新产业风险管理

基于生命周期理论,可将农业高新技术产业划分为种子期、成长期、成熟期和升级期四个阶段。文章根据产业化过程中每一阶段的特征,分析了各阶段的主要风险,如技术风险、市场风险、财务风险等的表现和成因,并相应提出有关加强知识产权的认定和保护、建立财政支持的农业科技保险、完善资本市场多渠道融资等方面的风险管理措施。     

污水管段设计流量的图论解析

针对污水管段设计流量计算中较易出现理解偏差与计算错误的问题,引入图论的方法,用节点与管段的关联关系对污水管道节点流量和管段流量进行定义并求解,明确了相关物理概念的界限,能使计算思路清晰,便于理解记忆。     

Analysing the Institutional Logic of Late DRG Adopters

Abstract: This study investigates how institutional logics that are prevalent in an organizational field influence change in management accounting. More precisely, we examine the institutional logics of late DRG adopters through which organizations attempt to address the pressures imposed by the institutional field of health care. Specific attention is also paid to the way in which organizations operate at different institutional levels and what kinds of interrelationships exist between these levels. Such developments may at least partially explain why the implementation and adoption of DRG–based accounting systems in Finnish health care took almost twenty years.     

Marx,Sraffa, and Surplus: Observations Prompted by Garegnani (2018)

ABSTRACT

In a posthumously published article, Pierangelo Garegnani (2018. ‘On the Labour Theory of Value in Marx and in the Marxist Tradition.’) depicts Marx’s project in Capital as that of ‘developing systematically the theory of Ricardo and [the] implications of social conflict’ implied by Ricardo’s ‘surplus approach to value and distribution’. This paper argues to the contrary that Marx’s theory of surplus value and exploitation differs from (neo-)Ricardian surplus theory in fundamental ways, and modifies Garegnani’s simple Sraffian model to illustrate the distinctive implications of Marx’s theory.     

Conceptualizing businesses as social actors: A framework for understanding sustainability actions in small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises

Small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) can play a crucial role in advancing environmental and social well‐being. Yet various—often conflicting—explanations have been offered to clarify why SMEs pursue sustainability. Some arguments foreground possibilities of profit maximization, whereas others emphasize individual values and convictions. Research supporting such contradicting explanations is often biased towards large enterprises or small, innovative frontrunners. In this article, we examine the underlying drivers of social and environmental interventions of SMEs by exploring empirical data from a survey of over 1,600 Canadian SMEs and complementary in‐depth interviews. We argue that sustainability actions of SMEs can be understood by viewing these firms as social actors—organizations that are shaped by individual values, internal and external interpersonal relationships, and are embedded in a social environment. This conceptualization directs attention to the full range of factors that shape sustainability engagement of SMEs and highlights frequently overlooked forms of sustainability‐oriented actions.     

When profession trumps potential: The moderating role of professional identification in employees’ reactions to talent management

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the role that a professionalized context plays in shaping employee reactions to talent management decisions. We examined the mediating role of felt obligation in the relationship between talent ratings and organizational citizenship behavior. Further, the study tested whether professional identification moderates the relationship between talent ratings and felt obligation towards the organization. Five hundred and ninety-eight teachers that had recently received ratings of their talent status responded to a survey questionnaire. Felt obligation mediated the relationship between talent ratings and organizational citizenship behavior. Furthermore, professional identification moderated the relationship between ratings of potential and felt obligation in such a way that the relationship was strongest for the teachers expressing the lowest professional identification. At high levels of professional identification, the relationship was not significant. These results indicate that conventional talent management might be less effective for increasing favorable attitudes and behaviors among employees in highly professionalized contexts, such as the education sector.     

The accountable governance of provincial governments of a Pacific island country

ABSTRACT

Using the theory of indigenous alternatives and a benchmark of indigenous financial reporting expectations, this paper examines the challenges to accountable governance of the nine provincial governments of the Solomon Islands for the years 1998 to 2017. Every provincial government consistently received disclaimed or qualified opinions from the state auditor. The author explains why the regional development of all provinces of the Solomon Islands could be improved if rudimentary forms of financial reporting were to be addressed.     

The New Narrative: Applying narratology to the shaping of futures outputs

Both scenario development and design practices incorporate elements of storytelling, but this use remains undertheorised. This paper will draw upon literary theory, film theory and science fiction criticism to develop an analytical model of narrative structure and rhetorics which speaks to the concerns of scenario developers and designers when engaged in shaping the final outputs or deliverables of a futures project.After highlighting the differing role of telos in art and futures and defining the metacategory of “narratives of futurity”, this paper then defines the terms “story”, “narrative”, “narrator” and “world” in the literary context. It then shows how those concepts map onto futures practice, before going into detail regarding the variety of narrative strategies available across a range of different forms and media, and the qualitative effects that they can reproduce in audiences. There follows the construction of a 2 × 2 matrix based on the critical concepts of narrative mode and narrative logic, within which narratives of futurity might be usefully catalogued and compared, and from which certain broad conclusions may be reached as regards the relation between choice of medium and rhetorical effect. The implications of this analysis are explored in detail.