传统旅游城市经济系统脆弱性研究——以桂林市为例

文章将经济系统脆弱性理论引入旅游城市研究,以我国传统旅游城市桂林为例,构建旅游城市经济系统脆弱性指标体系,采用因子分析法确定权重,测度1999～2009年桂林经济系统的脆弱性。研究表明,旅游城市经济系统的脆弱性本质上是结构型脆弱性,产业多元化发展总体上能够降低旅游城市经济系统的脆弱性,但桂林产业多元化是围绕旅游业建立,旅游业的波动必然带来城市经济的震荡,表现出较高的脆弱性。根据研究结论,文章认为产业多元化并非旅游城市可持续发展的唯一途径,也非旅游城市发展的唯一诉求。如果城市发展能够更多地照顾社区利益,藏富于民,改善就业情况,减少劳动者负担,提高劳动者素质,也能够降低经济系统的脆弱性。     

贵州金融深化弱经济增长效应的成因分析

改革开放以来,伴随贵州经济的持续较快增长,贵州金融业得到了长足的发展,经济的金融化过程不断加深,金融总量持续稳定增长,结构不断改善,自身供给能力不断增强。但与其他省份相比,贵州金融基础薄弱,发展相对滞后。本文提出了贵州金融深化的弱经济增长效应,并剖析了这一效应的成因。     

FDI, Geographic Location and Their Impacts on the Pattern of Regional Economic Development in China

This paper states how the reciprocal matching of foreign direct investment （FDI） and geographic location generally determine the pattern of regional economic development in China by analyzing the co-relations among geographic location, FDI and regional economic development. Among various factors that affect FDI inflow into specific regions of China, it is believed that geographic location might be one of the most essential factors in shaping the overall trend of diversification in regional economic development in China. Examinations are followed for identifying the above judgment both with econometric models and data analysis.     

基于博弈论的生态旅游环境保护规划政府规制效用分析

环境保护机制的缺失,使＂生态旅游离生态更远＂成为我国的尴尬现实。文章构建政府和企业的博弈模型,从政府规制角度对企业制订和实施生态旅游环境保护规划的行为进行分析,得出博弈双方的均衡战略：政府执行有效监管,对不实施环境保护规划的企业予以适当的惩罚,可以促使企业自觉实施生态环境保护规划,从而证明政府规制企业实施生态旅游环境保护规划能取得很好的效用。     

经济结构调整视角下区域产业集群的识别与选择

笔者以当前经济结构调整的要求为视角,确定现代产业集群的选择基准,在此基础上构建产业集群选择的指标体系,然后利用因子分析法,以西安市制造业为例分析各个产业集群的效果,最终筛选出该区域优势产业集群为:以汽车制造和航空航天器制造为主的交通运输设备制造业产业集群;以中药材和化学药品为主的医药制造业产业集群;电器机械及器材制造业产业集群。     

LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH IN THE LONG RUN: JAPAN, 1600–1909

This article examines long-term labour productivity change in Japan from the early seventeenth century to the nineteenth century. We constructed sectoral labour force estimates based on the methodology presented in a previous study, who provided a sectoral GDP series covering the Tokugawa period. Our results show the industrial structure in the Tokugawa period remained relatively stable in comparison with the economy after the Meiji Restoration. Nevertheless, the estimates of sectoral labour productivity suggest expansion of the market economy in Tokugawa Japan influenced the development of industrialisation after the Meiji Restoration.     

Longitudinal analysis of self-employment follow-through

The Hungarian economy was based on central planning for several decades and in comparison with the dominance of the great organizations that consisted of many smaller units, the role of small-sized enterprises was marginal. The change in the political climate involved recognition of and belief in entrepreneurship and the new legal system increased the opportunity for setting up new enterprises established on private and joint capital. Nevertheless, the changes in the organizational system of companies within the national economy appear to concentrate in time and territory in Northern Hungary. Increasing unemployment inspires the start of numerous enterprises even when the experience of entrepreneurship is missing and, in addition, the inclination towards it. This may result in difficulties and danger and a study of North Hungarian small businesses is therefore useful.

The aim of this research is to examine the position of SMEs in the North Hungarian industrial area, concentrating on questions that can not be answered by means of traditional statistics. Data were collected by surveying questionnaires. The questions referred to the development of SMEs in North Hungary.

Finally, the elements in the economic environment that may hinder or help successful operation of the enterprises were analysed. With the experience gained by our investigation we would like to help in the reinforcement of SMEs working in Northern Hungary.     

Effects on the “self-organization- satisfaction” relationship of changes in the economic context

Noting increasingly independent traveling by tourists, as well as changes on the tourist activity worldwide due to the 2008 economic crisis, this study analyzes the relationships between an economic crisis, tourist’s self-organization in trip planning, and tourist’s trip satisfaction. Data from a panel (2006–2011) on how residents in Spain complete their accommodation and transport bookings are used, including data on their trip satisfaction. The study identifies a negative relationship between the 2008 economic crisis and trip satisfaction, a positive relationship between self-organization and satisfaction, as well as positive moderating effects of the crisis on the relationship between self-organization and satisfaction.     

Hotel environmental management initiative (HEMI) scale development

Owing to a lack of construct reliability and validity of environmental management measurements, advancements in understanding hotels’ environmental management practices have been somewhat limited. The goal of this paper is to propose a uniform and parsimonious scale that captures Hotels’ Environmental Management Initiative (HEMI) with the most common three dimensions in the hotel industry: environmental resource conservation efforts, environmental policy and training, and environmental public relation efforts. After the refinement of the initial items, the scale was confirmed with cross-cultural data obtained from full-time hotel employees in two Asian countries. The twenty-one item HEMI scale demonstrated a satisfactory level of content, convergent, discriminant, cross, and criterion-related validity. The proposed HEMI scale will serve as a useful tool for future hospitality scholars who would like to further explore the impact of hotels’ environmental management initiatives on employees’ attitudes and behaviors toward the environment and their environmental performance.