生态建设与环境保护的政府投资战略研究

作者认为，政府投资于生态建设和环境保护的动力受其两类投资战略是否确定的影响：一是受生态安全投资战略是否确定的影响，二是受生态与环境经济投资的乘数效应战略是否确定的影响。本文探讨了政府对生态建设和环境保护的这两种投资战略和有机结合的三种方式及其相应的投资力度等问题。     

环境意识与企业形象塑造

可持续发展的思想和社会市场营销观念已成潮流。为适应市场需求的变化和环境管理的要求,寻 求市场机会和避免环境威胁,必然要求企业树立环境意识,履行应尽的社会责任,并融入、体现在企业 形象塑造中。在企业识别系统中贯穿“环境形象”设计是企业形象塑造的关键。     

我国大力发展绿色旅游的前景及策略研究

在席卷全球的绿色消费浪潮的冲击下,在国外绿色旅游勃然发展的推动下,我国的绿色旅游将会顺应时代潮流应运而生并显示出迅猛的发展势头。旅游企业不但要全面贯彻“绿色旅游”的理念,在引导旅游供应商提供符合环保要求的旅游产品的同时,也要引导旅游消费者致力于环境保护,形成统一的环保意识,并且节约旅游资源,保护旅游环境,最终实现旅游业的可持续发展。     

Reformulating Environmentally Constrained Traffic Equilibrium via a Smooth Gap Function

Various government laws have recently been enacted to alleviate the environmental deterioration of transportation systems. Environmental constraint is a valid means to explicitly reflect various environmental protection requirements imposed by the government. In this paper, we examine the environmentally constrained traffic equilibrium problem (EC-TEP), which is a fundamental tool for modeling and evaluating environmental protection requirements. Specifically, we provide an equivalent reformulation for the EC-TEP. The proposed reformulation adapts the concept of gap function to simultaneously reformulate the nonlinear complementarity conditions associated with the generalized user equilibrium conditions, environmental constraints, and conservation constraints as an equivalent unconstrained optimization problem. This gap function reformulation has two desirable features: (1) it can handle a general environmental constraint structure (linear or nonlinear; link-based or area-based) and a general link and route cost structure, enhancing the modeling adaptability and flexibility; (2) it is smooth and unconstrained, permitting a number of existing efficient algorithms for its solution. A gradient-based solution algorithm with a self-regulated averaging stepsize scheme is customized to solve the reformulated unconstrained optimization problem. Numerical examples are also provided to demonstrate the modeling flexibility of the proposed EC-TEP reformulation.     

基于One-Class SVM的青鳉鱼异常行为识别方法

为了更准确地解析青鳉鱼在突发污染环境中的行为变化趋势,提出了一种基于One-Class SVM模型的青鳉鱼异常行为识别方法。以青鳉鱼的生理及行为特征作为观测指标,将采集到的暴露在不同类型和浓度特征污染物下的青鳉鱼行为强度信号作为经验数据,利用直方图统计和主成分分析（PCA）对行为强度数据进行降维,实现行为特征提取,基于One-Class SVM构建模型,并以五水合硫酸铜和三氯酚作为特征污染物进行暴露实验对算法进行验证。结果表明,One-Class SVM模型可以准确地识别正常行为和污染物暴露时发生的异常行为;对于有机污染物最快可在10 min内完成预警,重金属污染物可在1 h内完成预警,并且污染物浓度越高,模型的识别效果越好。识别方法可对水源突发性水质污染进行更有效的监测和预警,也可为水污染应急决策提供技术支撑。     

What Prevents Firms from Advancing in their Environmental Strategy?

The aim of this paper is to analyze the determinants of the strategic environmental behavior of firms and, more specifically, the external and internal barriers that limit and sometimes even prevent the environmental adaptation. The analysis focuses on a sample of industrial firms that have at least three workers and that are located in Aragón, a region situated in the northeast of Spain. In order to achieve this objective, first the theoretical literature on the topic is reviewed. Subsequently, from the firms which were sampled, the existence of an underlying structure among the totality of barriers is studied. Finally, this structure is analyzed in order to determine if it has any influence on the degree of proactivity of the firm’s environmental strategy.

Charitable Donations: Evidence of Demand for Environmental Protection?

Using data from the 2001 Giving and Volunteering in the United States survey, I examine household charitable donations to environmental organizations. Household income has a positive impact on environmental giving. While the tax price affects overall charitable contributions, it does not affect environmental giving. More education, being female, homeownership, and voting are also associated with a greater likelihood of contributing to the environment. African-Americans and Latinos are less likely to contribute to the environment, although conditional on giving, Latinos give more. Retired persons and households with children are less likely to contribute to the environment. Larger households give less to the environment. Households from the Northeast are the most likely to make environmental contributions while households from the South are the least likely.

信托受益权登记背景下的信托产品销售决策变化及影响——基于不同渠道偏好和成本的视角

信托受益权的登记细则出台及国内信托受益权账户系统的上线,对信托产品的销售渠道产生影响。通过模型构建,研究新制度背景下服务水平变化对信托公司销售成本的影响,并推导出直销和代销两种渠道的市场份额会发生变化,信托公司直销的市场份额将增加,由第三方财富公司代销的市场份额将逐步减小。销售渠道的改变会降低信托融资的总成本,从而会对信托业以及整个金融监管模式产生积极影响。     

吉林省储蓄国债投资者研究

随着我国经济持续增长和利率市场化不断推进,个人投资者资产管理方式及渠道日益丰富,而储蓄国债因品种单一、购买渠道狭窄、流动性不强等因素,与其他投资品种相比失去了往日"金边国债"魅力,储蓄国债发行和管理工作面临着挑战。本文从问卷调查入手,深入分析了吉林省储蓄国债投资者的结构特征、行为特点和投资偏好,并就优化期限结构、丰富国债品种、完善发行兑付渠道、强化宣传以及拓展农村市场五个方面提出意见建议,供参考。     

智能化如何提高地区能源效率?——基于中国省级面板数据的实证检验

“十四五”规划指出,要深入实施智能制造和绿色制造工程,推动制造业高端化、智能化、绿色化,使能源资源配置更加合理、利用效率大幅提高。目前,中国制造业存在能耗高、污染严重等问题,在智能化发展迅猛的时代背景下,深入探究其对能源效率的影响机制,实现智能能源、智慧能源的目标,有着重要意义。本文采用2004-2016年中国省级平衡面板数据,使用静态和动态面板模型分析智能化对能源效率的影响,并研究技术创新、环境规制和外商直接投资的调节作用。得到的结论如下:(1)智能化促进能源效率,即增加绿色全要素能源效率、降低能源消耗;(2)随着技术创新水平提高,智能化对能源效率的提升作用加强;(3)环境规制加速智能化对能源效率的正向作用;(4)随着外商直接投资增加,智能化更加促进能源效率;(5)不同地区智能化对能源效率的作用不同,西部地区智能化的作用最弱,但调节作用最大。政府和企业要通过提高技术创新、完善环境规制和合理使用外商直接投资等方式来应用智能化技术,提高能源效率。