剖线强度梯度变化的作物软硬变化区精确划分

[目的]软硬变化区的划分是进行遥感变化检测技术识别农作物的基础。为解决人工判读方法中存在人为主观因素影响以及自动判别和交互式判别方法对不同研究区的适用性问题,该文提出基于剖线梯度变化(Profile based Gradient Change Magnitude,PGCM)进行软硬变化区划分的方法。[方法]该研究选择破碎农业景观种植区域为研究区,计算拔节期Quick Bird影像和播种期模拟影像两个时相的变化强度,从作物地块内部向外绘制剖线,利用剖线强度的梯度变化确定硬变化区(Hard change region,HCR)、软变化区(Soft change region,SCR)和未变化区(Non change region,NCR)3者间的划分阈值。[结果]从识别结果来看,PGCM能够有效在地块边界处探测到软变化像元,进而确定HCR、SCR。像元分辨率在5~60 m不同尺度下,识别HCR区混入比例为11%~16%,混入比例随着分辨率下降而降低;NCR区混入比例为3%~4%,受分辨率尺度影响不大;SCR区识别比例为74%~86%,识别精度较高,识别结果与冬小麦空间分布结果保持一致。[结论]PGCM方法能够自动、便捷地确定阈值,摆脱人工判定的主观性,有效地划分出HCR、SCR和NCR 3个区域,为进一步HCR、SCR区内的作物识别提供基础。     

药物代谢研究在新药研究中的作用

药物代谢是新药研究的重要环节之一,从药物代谢在新药开发初期寻找具有良好药代性质的候选物、先导物结构改造和结构修饰、硬药和软药的设计方面等,阐述了药物代谢在药物研究中的重要作用。探讨药物代谢研究在新药研究中的作用,将推动新药研究的开展,加速新药研究开发的进程。     

基于条件证据更新方法的短时软/硬情报融合

介绍了软/硬情报融合新方法,分析了证据理论(DST)应用于软/硬情报融合的灵活性。 在此基础上,以Fagin-Halpern（FH） DS条件原理为依据,提出了一种面向情报融合中多源证 据的条件更新方法,避免了扩展识别框架,并明确了该方法的参数选取标准。另外,基于时间 表对融合过程进行短时划分,以提高融合的精确性。通过融合实例对所提方法进行了分析说 明。     

钻孔咬合桩在复合地层中的应用研究 ——以杭州地铁3号线工业大学站为例

钻孔咬合桩多用于软土地层,采用全套管钻机软切割法施工,但在上软下硬的复合地层中,全套管法成孔困难,无法保证桩体的垂直度,以致于咬合效果达不到设计要求。为了解决此类工程问题,依托杭州地铁3号线一期工程工业大学站基坑工程,研究了钻孔咬合桩在上软下硬复合地层中的适应性及应用情况,并与其他围护方式在可实施性、安全性、经济性、施工效率等方面进行了综合比较。研究结果表明,在复合地层中采用旋挖钻机硬切割法施工咬合桩,成孔效率高,桩体垂直度高,止水效果好,能产生更好的工期效益、社会效益和经济效益。并且钻孔咬合桩能够很好地适应复合地层,经济性好,施工效率高,解决了复合地层中钻孔咬合桩的施工工艺和设备选型问题。研究过程及结果可为复合地层中的基坑工程施工提供借鉴与参考。     

电气化铁路接触网硬点产生原因及改进措施

电气化铁路接触网硬点一旦形成,很容易造成破坏机车稳定受流,影响电力机车弓网关系,造成严重后果。本文就电气化铁路接触网硬点产生的原因,提出了防范与整治接触网"硬点"的几项措施。     

论东北老工业基地全面振兴中的软环境建设与优化策略

全面振兴东北老工业基地需要创造良好的发展环境。当前东北老工业基地经济社会发展的困境与软环境建设滞后有直接的关系。文章阐述了东北地区在经济增长、人口形势与产业结构等方面面临的困境,分析了该地区在思想环境、市场环境、政务环境、政策环境、信用环境、法治环境、社会环境等普遍存在的问题,指出东北地区软环境建设滞后的根源在于政府在软环境建设中的主体责任不明晰,突出表现为政府职能转变不到位。作为推动国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的责任主体,政府应成为东北老工业基地软环境建设的规划者、引导者、组织者和监管者。通过树立软环境建设第一责任人意识、推进政府职能转变、加强绩效考核和行政问责来完善制约东北老工业基地发展的体制机制,打造适应经济新常态的区域软环境高地,推动东北老工业基地经济社会可持续发展。     

松动爆破技术在综掘机掘进硬岩巷道时的应用与研究

综掘机一般适用于岩性较软的泥岩、砂质泥岩巷道掘进,对于掘进中遇到的较坚硬岩石,综掘机施工速度大大降低,而且综掘机刀具磨损严重,使用寿命大幅降低,掘进成本剧增,必须采用辅助松动爆破,在硬岩中形成一定数量裂隙群,保证综掘机顺利工作。     

Climbing Monsters: Excess and Restraint in Contemporary Rock Climbing

Abstract

The tension in rock climbing between technical aspects of performance that do not involve risk, and preparedness to put oneself in considerable and even life‐threatening danger, is explored through an analysis of extreme gritstone climbing in the late 1990s recorded in a successful ‘cult’ film Hard Grit. The film dramatises self‐imposed danger, and connects it to the history and myths of gritstone climbing, an emphasis best seen as a specific moment in the oscillation in climbing between the technical dimension (or bodily techne) and ‘bottle’ (spiritedness or thumos), but it has wider implications. The theoretical background is the Weberian theme of rationalisation qualified, however, by the social and cultural significance of imprudence, irresponsibility and deliberate transgression throughout the modern period. As late modernity reveals new consequences for societies and cultures beyond the reach of either comprehensive reason in a classical sense or a self‐imposed rational order along Enlightenment lines, the play of techne and thumos becomes potentially unlimited and thus monstrous. How, then, should climbers and their very loosely organised, minority pursuit, govern themselves? How can climbing remain authentic, true to itself? After an exploration of some theoretical aspects, the essay concludes more practically by proposing that two features of everyday rock climbing operate as ethical sources: confidence in sound judgment by the imagined future community of climbers; and a ‘phenomenological’ turn to the natural and sensory preconditions of climbing. These sources cannot, however, fully govern climbing culture but operate only in tension with fundamentally unruly impulses and drives.     

富含地下水的全断面地层盾构隧道同步注浆技术研究

全断面硬岩地层具有较强的自稳性,盾构在该地层掘进过程中,施工安全风险较小,但是在施工质量方面的管控难度大幅度增加,尤其在富含地下水的全断面硬岩地层,传统的同步注浆质量无法得到有效保障,从而导致成型隧道渗漏、上浮等质量问题.本文结合深圳地铁14号线共建管廊工程施工案例,针对盾构在富含地下水的全断面硬岩地层掘进时同步注浆技...     

From HRM to psychological contracting - the case of Finnish mobile content producing companies

The paper explores how human resource management (HRM) is currently intended, used and experienced in 10 Finnish companies operating in the field of telecommunications. Our specific focus is on direct and indirect forms of managerial control and the psychological contract. We examine how psychological contracts are created and maintained, and study their relationship with HRM as a means of either direct or indirect control. Our findings indicate that employees are voluntarily assuming the obligation to exercise organizational control as a part of their psychological contract in exchange for the freedom and autonomy that they enjoy. Recruitment emerges as a top employer priority. However, not many other human resource (HR) techniques are used. Rather, carefully selected workers are allowed the autonomy and freedom to define what constitutes their psychological contract, with a duty to control its attractiveness from the employers' point of view.