社会距离对大学生道德判断的影响

目的：基于解释水平理论,探讨社会距离是否影响大学生的道德判断,为高校对学生进行道德教育和人格塑造提供心理学依据。方法：采用内隐联想测验（Implicit Association Test,IAT）研究范式,随机抽取63名宁夏大学本科生进行实验。结果：被试在相容任务下的平均反应时显著短于在不相容任务下的平均反应时（t=-4.192,df=59,P〈0.001）;女生在相容任务下的平均反应时显著短于男生在相容任务下的平均反应时（F（1,58）=10.27,P〈0.05）,男女生的IAT效应值存在显著性差异（t=-2.286,df=58,P〈0.05）。结论：大学生的道德判断受到社会距离的影响。大学生倾向于将积极道德词与熟人联结,而将消极道德词与陌生人联结。此外,社会距离对大学生道德判断的影响存在性别差异。     

浅析路桥企业加强企业文化建设的意义

路桥企业的企业文化是其物质和精神文化的总和。优秀的路桥企业文化是知识经济的适时需要,它能有助于路桥企业的发展壮大、提高路桥企业的竞争力。可见,加强路桥企业文化建设的意义重大。本文中针对此话题首先谈到了路桥企业加强企业文化建设中存在的困难,继而浅析路桥企业加强企业文化建设的意义。以期给路桥企业的企业文化建设带来参考意见。     

品牌标识的隐性设计线索对消费者品牌创造性感知的影响

从品牌标识的隐性设计线索特征视角切入,基于图底反转原理和溢出效用,本文研究旨在探究品牌标识的隐性设计线索对消费者品牌创造性感知的作用机理。三个实验研究结果表明：品牌标识的隐性设计线索比显性设计线索更能够增加消费者品牌创造性感知,且此效用成立的条件为：消费者自主发现隐性设计线索。同时,消费者的感知有趣性中介了此效用。此外,产品视觉审美集中度正向强化了品牌标识的隐性设计线索对品牌创造性感知的影响作用。     

我国养老基金的投资模式

人口老龄化对养老保险制度提出了严峻的挑战 ,“统账结合”的基金缺口将通过国有股减持来弥补。而出于保值增值的需要 ,具有积累或部分积累性质的养老基金有必要进入资本市场 ,并具备了一定的进入条件。相应地 ,养老基金的投资模式也要进行多样化的投资选择 ,以达到保值增值的目的。     

Setting Efficient Incentives for Agricultural Research: Lessons from Principal-Agent Theory

A conceptual analysis of important issues in the organization and management of academic research is presented. Principal-agent theory is applied to derive optimal compensation schemes for scientists when they differ in ability, risk aversion, cost of effort, and reservation utility, and to show the optimal trade-off between institutional risk and scientists' abilities. Implications for an efficient organization of research are derived, including how scientists' incentives should be structured to elicit optimal research efforts and direction, whether research direction should be centralized or decentralized, and whether the organization of research should be through external competitive grants or program and institutional funding.     

地方政府债务对经济增长的影响——基于债务规模与债务结构的双重视角

在提出测算地方政府隐性债务新方法的基础上,基于所测算的数据,从债务规模和债务结构的双重视角,全面分析地方政府债务对经济增长的影响。结果表明:就债务规模而言,当地方政府债务率相对较低时,增加债务有助于促进经济增长,但是当地方政府债务率相对较高时,进一步增加债务对经济增长的推动作用将会减弱。就债务结构而言,当地方政府的隐性债务占比过高时,地方政府债务的扩张会对经济增长产生更为显著的负向影响,这主要是因为隐性债务对民间投资的挤出作用更强。因此,防范与化解地方政府债务风险,不应采取"一刀切"的策略,而应从债务规模和债务结构两个视角综合考量,为各地量身打造防范与化解债务风险的最优策略。     

Analyzing the Memory Impact of Advertising Fragments

Marketers are making increasing use of very brief messages that mention just a brand name or a brand name with a short headline, as in event sponsorship and program endorsements. There has been debate over the effectiveness of these advertising fragments. This paper introduces an approach for controlled testing of the effects of advertising fragments. Using a reaction-time based procedure, we show that a key effect of advertising fragments is to revive established brand associations, even though these associations are not explicitly communicated. This reactivation occurs not only when these names receive focal attention, but also when they receive nonfocal attention.     

过度劳动视阈下员工隐性缺勤的经济损失研究

对1 934名企业员工的调查研究显示,随着工作时间的推移,员工工作效率曲线呈“倒U”型。通过测算可知,员工人均生产率损失为3 87224元,是实际缺勤造成的工资性收入损失的36倍。而“过劳”以及劳动时间对生产率损失的影响较大,且作用效果显著。当员工身心俱疲的频率达到一月数次及以上时,以及每日劳动时间不足7小时或超过11小时,员工生产率都会受到显著影响。     

浅谈中学开展健美操的重要性

随着当代中学生对美的追求的不断提升和素质教育的不断深入,健美操课越来越受到中学生的欢迎。本文主要阐述了中学开展健美操教学对学生的重要性并探讨了健美操教学和训练中应注重的几点问题。     

The Competitive Impact of International Trade: The Case of Import Liberalization of the Japanese Oil Product Market

This paper analyzes the competitive impact of the recent import liberalization of the Japanese oil product market. In response to the import liberalization in March 1996, not only did the market price of gasoline decline sharply but also its domestic production kept rising and did not decline relative to imports. Moreover, its price fell substantially before the actual liberalization of the import. This paper demonstrates both theoretically and empirically that the theory of implicit cartel can explain such features of the impact of import liberalization very well. The paper also identifies the significantly positive welfare impact of such liberalization due to the expansion of supply in a market with a large tax wedge between price and cost and, possibly more importantly, due to the transformation of competitive conduct from unproductive investment for cartel-rent shifting into price cuts. J. Japan. Int. Econ., December 1999, 13(4), pp. 397–423. Hitotsubashi University; and Keio University. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: L40, F12, K21.