企业金融化内涵、影响因素与经济后果

伴随着我国产能过剩局面的形成,实体企业的投资意愿也呈现出消极态势,越来越多的企业在生产经营之余将金融化作为企业的投资策略之一。但是,实体经济是经济增长的源动力,更是社会获得长远发展的保证。实体企业适度的金融化有助于缓解融资约束、促进业绩提升,但是过度金融化对企业、社会来讲都具有严重的危害性。基于企业金融化对整体金融环境以及实体行业发展的重要意义,本文综合国内外专家学者的研究成果,对企业金融化的内涵、影响因素与动机以及企业金融化产生的经济后果做一个较为系统的梳理。     

武汉主城区房价方向异质性及影响因素分析

城市快速发展造成城市空间异质性愈发凸显,住宅价格作为城市研究的重要工具引起学者的广泛关注。目前关于房价的异质性研究多是基于距离衰减规律,对事物在方向上的差异研究较少。因此本文利用Ramon等人改进后的GWR模型以及3D Analyst工具对武汉主城区方向分异特征以及影响因素进行探讨,研究发现:第一,武汉主城区房价具有明显的多中心、圈层特征;第二,不同区域方向分异特征不同,不同因素在整体与局部的影响作用与程度不同;第三,商务中心、水文、交通以及建筑年龄对房价分布影响显著,同一因素对房价的作用范围大体相同。     

An institution-based view of international entrepreneurship: A comparison of context-based and universal determinants in developing and economically advanced countries

The objective of this paper is to investigate the institutional characteristics of different geographic contexts that affect the internationalisation of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The study focuses on three categories of factors: (a) sociocultural, (b) political/legal, and (c) economic. Under economic factors, it examines competitive pressures in international markets, the nature of demands in international markets, domestic resources advantages, and domestic general economic characteristics. The paper identifies universal factors that influence the internationalisation of SMEs regardless of the location of the firm. These universal factors are distinguished from context-based factors, which are specific to the particular conditions of the people/location of the firm. A comparative analysis of cases from Italy and Iran allow us to find factors that are universal, others that are Iranian context-based, and one factor specific to the Italian context. Also, our analysis suggests the existence of some factors without significant influence in either country.     

A preliminary analysis of incident investigation reports of an integrated steel plant: some reflection

Large integrated steel plants employ an effective safety management system and gather a significant amount of safety-related data. This research intends to explore and visualize the rich database to find out the key factors responsible for the occurrences of incidents. The study was carried out on the data in the form of investigation reports collected from a steel plant in India. The data were processed and analysed using some of the quality management tools like Pareto chart, control chart, Ishikawa diagram, etc. Analyses showed that causes of incidents differ depending on the activities performed in a department. For example, fire/explosion and process-related incidents are more common in the departments associated with coke-making and blast furnace. Similar kind of factors were obtained, and recommendations were provided for their mitigation. Finally, the limitations of the study were discussed, and the scope of the research works was identified.     

Startup Success Factors in the Capital Attraction Stage: Founders’ Perspective

Only a small percentage of startups attract capital from venture capital investors. To determine the factors which owners of startups consider the most important for attracting seed venture investments, the founders of 40 startups in Latvia and Russia were questioned. The researchers compared organizational and financial factors’ importance for two groups of entrepreneurs: those who succeeded and those who failed in attracting funding. The results of the study indicate certain differences between the viewpoints of founders and investors regarding success factors. Based on the factor and regression analysis, the authors developed a model to forecast success in capital attraction.     

安徽农产品国际竞争力的影响因素分析

选取消费水平、农业劳动力占比、货运总量和农户总数四个指标,分别表示钻石模型中的需求、生产、支持相关产业的表现和企业的战略结构四大要素,并对这四个指标进行多元回归分析。分析回归结果,认为四个指标中的农业劳动力占比、消费水平和农户总数都是影响安徽省农产品国际竞争力的关键因素,结合安徽省在这三个关键因素方面的现状,提出提高农业科技水平、扩大居民需求水平、调整企业战略水平和找准品牌定位、扩大品牌宣传四个方面的政策建议,以增强安徽省农产品的国际竞争力。     

基于定性比较分析（QCA）方法的村级集经济发展影响因素分析

[目的]农村集体经济是社会主义公有制经济的重要组成部分,发展壮大村级集体经济有利于优化配置农业生产要素、完善农村社会治理、提高乡村公共服务能力。如何发展村级集体经济,需要厘清发展的主要影响因素及其作用机制。[方法]文章通过理论分析建立影响村级集体经济发展的因素框架,以发达地区、欠发地区和贫困地区的12个行政村为对象,应用定性比较分析法(QCA)进行分析。[结果]资产利用效率、村庄精英、政府引导、农户认知度在集体经济发展中发挥了重要作用,其中资产利用效率最为关键,资源禀赋作用并不显著;村级集体经济能否有效发展是多种因素组合共同作用的结果,并具有多元化的特点。[结论]资源利用效率是村级集体经济发展的关键条件,村庄精英是重要前提,政府引导是外生动力,农户认知是动力基础。发展村级集体经济需要把握好主要影响因素及其作用机制,注重因素的共同作用。     

我国林业经济增长影响因素的灰色关联度分析

采用灰色关联度分析法,通过对我国1994—2009年林业经济增长的各影响因素的灰色关联分析及其贡献率比较,结果表明:中国林业经济增长主要受营林固定资产投资、营林基本建设投资和在岗职工年均工资以及林业从业人员人数等投入因素的影响,但各投入因素对林业第一、二、三产业的影响程度存在差异。为此,必须结合各投入因素对第一、二、三产业发展的影响大小,合理分配各投入要素在三次产业之间的比例。     

农户退耕意愿影响因素的贫困尺度差异分析——基于新疆阿克苏地区的调研数据

以新疆阿克苏地区为例,应用多元有序Logit模型,对比分析贫困农户与非贫困农户的退耕意愿及其影响因素,为强化新一轮退耕还林工程的精准扶贫效用提供信息支持。研究结果表明:第一,林业生产经营技能、退耕补偿满意度等是影响农户退耕意愿的重要因素,且不存在显著的贫困尺度差异;第二,亲戚中是否有乡(村)干部、同村人的退耕效果、退耕风险感知、退耕预期收入等对贫困农户与非贫困农户退耕意愿的影响存在较大差异。因此,应规范并强化乡(村)干部的引导作用,建立退耕还林的典型经验推介机制,提升退耕农户的林业生产能力与非农就业技能,以切实增强工程区贫困农户的退耕意愿,有效凸显退耕还林工程的扶贫减贫效用。     

重庆市休闲农业示范点空间分布及影响因素研究

通过分析重庆市休闲农业示范点的空间分布特征差异和社会经济影响因素,以期对重庆市休闲农业与乡村旅游发展提供借鉴和参考。将重庆市301个示范点作为研究对象,通过计算最邻近指数、变异系数、核密度指数、空间自相关指数,得出空间分布特征。分析表明:示范点呈集聚分布且具有多中心核密度集聚特征;全局自相关Moran’s I指数的结果表明重庆市相邻区县间的示范点具有集聚的相似属性;局域自相关的LISA聚类显示,示范点多存在“低—低聚类”分布,主要在渝西地区;通过相关性分析得出示范点空间分布与区域经济发展水平、农业发展水平和交通运输能力较显著相关,但与旅游发展水平相关性较弱。最后在农业发展、产业融合、交通网络建设、旅游资源优化方面对重庆市休闲农业示范点的建设提出相关建议。