质量管理体系要求及其固有特性的探讨——与《基于产品寿命周期的QMS运行效果研究》作者的商榷

有效的QMS应随组织所处环境、战略的调整而变化,其运行的效果不会随产品寿命周期而衰退。     

试论高等教育的麦当劳化

麦当劳文化席卷全球,麦当劳企业机制日益渗透于社会的组织机制中。本文分析了高等教育大众化过程中的麦当劳化表征,包括它的含义及影响,对现代社会带来的进步意义,分析各种消极意义,进一步探讨了高等教育麦当劳化的负面影响,希望能引起高校工作者的警惕。避免它给我国高校工作带来这样或那样的麻烦,为广大学生的成长开辟一条健康的成长道路。     

中国工业行业对外贸易对环境的影响研究——以工业废水为例

中国污染较高的工业行业主要有造纸工业、纺织工业、化学工业等。出口产品污染含量较高的行业是纺织工业和化学工业,进口产品污染含量较高的行业是化学工业和造纸工业。通过环境效应指数的分析发现,近年来,纺织工业和金属制造工业等对外贸易增加了国内环境污染,造纸工业和化学工业等对外贸易则减少了国内环境污染。     

新疆高校少数民族大学生预科汉语学习状况调查分析

在预科汉语学习中,由于少数民族大学生自身汉语水平、对预科汉语学习的认识以及高校在预科汉语课程设置、师资队伍、教材、教学方法等方面的一些不足,制约了少数民族大学生的预科汉语学习。若要解决少数民族大学生预科汉语学习中存在的问题,就应从完善预科汉语课程设置、抓好师资队伍建设、做好预科汉语教材建设、提升教学理念、改进教学方法等方面着手,进一步提高少数民族大学生预科汉语学习的积极性。     

Excessive Volatility is Also a Feature of Individual Level Forecasts

The excessive volatility of prices in financial markets is one of the most pressing puzzles in social science. It has led many to question economic theory, which attributes beneficial effects to markets in the allocation of risks and the aggregation of information. In exploring its causes, we investigated to what extent excessive volatility can be observed at the individual level. Economists claim that securities prices are forecasts of future outcomes. Here, we report on a simple experiment in which participants were rewarded to make the most accurate possible forecast of a canonical financial time series. We discovered excessive volatility in individual-level forecasts, paralleling the finding at the market level. Assuming that participants updated their beliefs based on reinforcement learning, we show that excess volatility emerged because of a combination of three factors. First, we found that submitted forecasts were noisy perturbations of participants’ revealed beliefs. Second, beliefs were updated using a prediction error based on submitted forecast rather than revealed past beliefs. Third, in updating beliefs, participants maladaptively decreased learning speed with prediction risk. Our results reveal formerly undocumented features in individual-level forecasting that may be critical to understand the inherent instability of financial markets and inform regulatory policy.     

Asymmetric volatility in the foreign exchange markets

We examine the presence or absence of asymmetric volatility in the exchange rates of Australian dollar (AUD), Euro (EUR), British pound (GBP) and Japanese yen (JPY), all against US dollar. Our investigation is based on a variant of the heterogeneous autoregressive realized volatility model, using daily realized variance and return series from 1996 to 2004. We find that a depreciation against USD leads to significantly greater volatility than an appreciation for AUD and GBP, whereas the opposite is true for JPY. Relative to volatility on days following a positive one-standard-deviation return, volatility on days following a negative one-standard-deviation return is higher by 6.6% for AUD, 6.1% for GBP, and 21.2% for JPY. The realized volatility of EUR appears to be symmetric. These results are robust to the removal of jump component from realized volatility and the sub-samplings defined by structural-changes. The asymmetry in AUD, GBP and JPY appears to be embedded in the continuous component of realized volatility rather than the jump component.     

高职非英语专业新生课堂学习策略的使用情况调查

基于Oxford提出外语学习策略分类,本文采用问卷调查和访谈的方式对高职非英语专业新生的课堂学习策略使用情况进行调查和分析。通过数据分析,研究结果表明:受试学习策略的使用频率不高,最常使用的学习策略是补偿策略,最不常使用的是记忆策略等。     

浅谈多媒体和网络技术在大学英语自主学习中的作用

在我国推行新一轮大学英语课程改革和高校扩招的大背景下,提高学生的自主学习能力的要求越来越迫切。简要介绍了"自主学习"理论,描述了我国大学生自主学习的现状,并且详细阐述了多媒体和网络技术在大学英语自主学习中的作用。     

我国最低工资标准的就业效应——基于全国和地区的实证研究

利用1996年～2007年全国27个省、直辖市、自治区的面板数据模型,考察了最低工资标准对就业的影响。实证结果表明,最低工资标准的提高对全国总体就业有负影响,但影响力度很小。进一步的地区分析表明,最低工资标准的提高对东、西部地区的就业有负影响,对中部地区的就业则无显著性影响。最后给出了相关的政策建议。     

会计人员终身学习的人文环境研究

随着世界经济的发展和我国社会主义市场经济的发展,科学技术和创新理论不断发展,终身教育、终身学习已成为社会发展的客观要求,许多国家都以立法的形式将终身学习纳入法治的轨道,中国改革开放30年来,社会经济也得到突飞猛进的发展,但是尚未建立有效的适合于会计人员终身学习的人文环境。文章从以人为本、良好的秩序、终身学习的科学理念、社会和谐、爱岗敬业精神、社会公平与平等方面研究会计人员终身学习人文环境建设,认为只有创建良好的人文环境,才能留住人才、用好人才,满足社会和经济发展的需要。