Planning for stingray tourism at Hamelin Bay,Western Australia: the importance of stakeholder perspectives

Stingray tourism continues to be developed at various locations around the world with the concept being marketed on television travel programmes, documentaries, internet sites and travel brochures. Food provisioned stingray tourism, for example, now attracts some 100 000 visitors a year to ‘tingray city’ in the Caymen Islands. At Hamelin Bay in southwest Western Australia, up to 16 large stingrays (Dasyatis brevicaudata and Dasyatis thetidis) and numerous eaglerays (Myliobatis australis) are fed by visitors from the waters edge. This study reports on stakeholder perspectives relating to tourism development and potential management of the Hamelin Bay site. From the results of this study it is clear that there is sufficient interest in stingray tourism (by all the stakeholders surveyed) to develop Hamelin Bay as a permanent feeding site. Visitors on average gave their experience with the rays a satisfaction value of 8.9 out of 10. Twenty‐five per cent of visitors surveyed did not want commercialisation, tour groups or excessive visitor numbers. Their main concern was that the health and safety of the rays may deteriorate with an increase of visitors if the situation is not managed correctly. Visitors desire to be educated about the rays, and how to best interact with them safely. Visitors also acknowledged that the site needs management through more signs, information and a management plan. Management for the site is therefore likely to be best implemented through the application of signage, development of guidelines/codes of conduct, protection of the rays and zoning the beach according to specific recreational purposes. Management regimes should also use various indicators to monitor the impacts of stingray tourism at Hamelin Bay. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

偏向性技术进步与海洋经济绿色全要素生产率研究

本文利用方向性距离函数与 Malmquist-Luenberger （ML）指数,构建了海洋经济绿色全要素生产率测度及技术进步要素偏向判别模型。以 2006-2016年海洋经济投入产出相关数据为基础,系统地分析了不同时期我国海洋经济绿色增长的差异。研究显示：第一,从全国来看,我国海洋经济绿色全要素生产率呈现上升趋势。然而在资源环境约束下,海洋经济绿色全要素生产率的增长率呈现出先降后升的趋势。第二, 从地区视角分析,技术进步是11个沿海地区海洋经济绿色生产率增长的主要驱动因素,且技术规模的变化影响最为显著。第三,就技术进步的偏向性角度而言,海洋经济整体上呈现出海洋劳动与资源的依赖性特征,但是大部分沿海地区的海洋经济呈现出节约资本,使用劳动和资源的特征,证明我国节能环保政策初显成效。     

海水养殖的总可养殖面积制度(TAF)探析

海水养殖因为需要使用大量海水,占用海岸带资源,因此其发展受到海洋环境的资源性约束,存在养殖规模扩大和海水资源过度开采之间的矛盾。本文通过考察我国鲆鲽类海水养殖,分析鲆鲽类养殖中存在的地下水开采、养殖疾病、资源租金、产量控制等问题,探索性的提出建立总可养殖面积(TAF)制度。通过对海岸带资源进行调查统计,结合养殖技术条件、社会和经济等因素,在一定时期内,在特定的海岸带地理区域设定具体养殖品种所能养殖的面积,并把可养殖面积在养殖单位之间进行合理分配,以达到生态保护和实现良好经济效益和社会效益的目的。     

我国区域海洋经济技术效率实证研究

本文利用沿海省市海洋GDP面板数据,运用随机前沿分析方法SFA,对我国区域海洋经济的技术效率进行了实证分析。研究发现:1998~2008年间沿海各区域海洋经济技术效率都呈上升趋势,但仍存在较大的提高空间;区域间技术效率差异与区域间海洋经济发展水平的差距相一致;上海、广东的技术效率水平较高,在地区发展中处于核心地位。根据研究结论,本文认为技术效率水平的差距成为导致区域海洋经济发展差异的重要原因之一,进而建议各地区加大海洋科研投入,提高海洋经济技术效率并充分发挥核心区域的技术辐射效应。研究的结论和建议对我国区域海洋经济的质量提升和协调发展具有一定的参考和借鉴意义。     

《保险法》修订与我国海上货物保险合同法律制度的完善

在我国的国际贸易实务中,关于海上货物保险合同主体的法律制度适用《海商法》的特别规定,但关于保险利益的法律制度则出自《保险法》的一般规定,这就导致了法律制度与现实经济交易之间产生了严重的脱节现象。新近修订的《保险法》因为对保险利益在时间效力上的重构而可望对现实海上货物保险的实践产生积极影响。     

基于AHP的区域海洋发展水平评价模型及实证研究

围绕海洋经济产出水平、海洋产业竞争力、海洋科技综合实力、海洋资源开发水平、海洋可持续发展能力和海洋综合管理状况设计区域海洋发展水平的评价指标体系,应用AHP理论构建了区域海洋发展水平评价模型,确定了指标权重,并以我国沿海省市为研究对象对模型进行了实证研究,为沿海省市的海洋发展方向和模式提出了建议。     

The self‐presentation and self‐development of serious wildlife tourists

The notion of self‐concept and choice of tourism products has yet to be applied to wildlife tourism. The question of how consumers perceive themselves is considered fundamental to understanding purchase and consumption behaviours. This ethnographic study is based upon ‘serious’ wildlife tourism participants, for whom studying fauna and flora is the primary motivation for travel. The findings demonstrate how the ‘culture’ of ‘serious’ wildlife tourism is made up of individuals who differentiate themselves from other tourists in terms of dress, behaviour, development of skills, equipment and intellectual capital, illustrated by their desire to scope, identify and photograph wildlife. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

适应新形势,加快海上军事物流建设

基于海上军事物流在现代海上军事斗争和非战争军事行动中的突出地位和作用,从分析新形势下海上军事物流特点、建设的必要性等方面,提出了加快海上军事物流建设的主要措施。     

基于自适应神经模糊系统控制的船舶自动舵

介绍了自动舵的设计历史和发展方向,讨论了ANFIS控制器的实现方法,将ANFIS控制器应用到船舶航向非线性系统中,ANFIS自动舵的功能在于将实际航迹与计划航线之间的误差最小化,实施更合理的船舶航行控制。