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101.
Using harmonized household survey data, we analyze long‐run social mobility in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Germany, and test recent theories of multigenerational persistence of socioeconomic status. In this country comparison setting, we find evidence against a universal law of social mobility. Our results show that the long‐run persistence of socioeconomic status and the validity of a first‐order Markov chain in the intergenerational transmission of human capital is country‐specific. Furthermore, we find that the direct and independent effect of grandparents' social status on grandchildren's status tends to vary by gender and institutional context. 相似文献
102.
Yu Murayama 《Bulletin of economic research》2019,71(3):209-218
We examine how cash transfers affect an individual's education investment, intergenerational mobility, and economic growth. We find that providing larger transfer amounts to higher ability children is desirable to foster growth if the economy has relatively low wage inequality. 相似文献
103.
104.
Economic inequality is worsening worldwide and is associated with various social problems. Although research on inequality has been conducted in various academic fields, research on how perceived inequality affects individual decision making is relatively limited in the marketing field. Recognizing this gap, this study examines how perceived economic inequality can affect individual behavior and decision making from the perspective of time frame. The results of four studies reveal that perceived economic inequality can induce present-oriented behavior and suggest that perceived economic mobility accounts for this relationship. This study demonstrates that present-oriented and shortsighted behaviors, which are usually considered characteristics of the poor, can occur due to the perceptions of the environment beyond class. It implies that the macro level of economic inequality can influence an individual's decision making at the micro level. 相似文献
105.
Yanqing Jiang 《新兴市场金融与贸易》2014,50(6):107-121
Abstract:Higher education in China plays an important role in promoting labor and human capital mobility. In this paper, I empirically address the issue of regional disparities, college admissions under the National College Entrance Examination (CEE) system, and potential interregional labor and human capital mobility in China. The results show that examinees from western provinces have a strong preference for coastal universities, compared with examinees from central provinces. College admissions in China then seem to have a stronger effect on potential labor and human capital movement from the western to the coastal regions than from the central to the coastal regions. 相似文献
106.
Riccardo Mangiaracina Alessandro Perego Angela Tumino 《International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications》2017,20(1):39-52
ABSTRACTInformation accuracy and decision-making speed are of paramount importance in managing today’s mobility of goods and people inside the city. Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) can provide road users with updated information and forecasts on both traffic and weather conditions. The result is a higher efficiency in the use of resources and a better management of physical flows. The purpose of this paper is to conduct an in-depth review on the role of ITS supporting urban Smart Mobility, in order to identify the main gaps in the literature and propose future research streams. In total, 71 papers have been thoroughly analysed: they are mainly focused on technology, with limited attention to value creation. Even though some benefits have been examined, a general lack of quantitative models emerged. Eventually, there is a lack of contributions considering both people and freight transport, even if they are strongly related, especially in an urban environment. 相似文献
107.
We analyze the two goals behind the European Bologna process of increasing student mobility: enabling graduates to develop
multi-cultural skills and increasing the quality of universities. We isolate three effects: (1) a competition effect that
raises quality, (2) a free-rider effect that lowers quality, and (3) a composition effect that influences the relative strengths
of the two previous effects. The effects lead to a trade-off between the two goals. Full mobility may be optimal only when
externalities are high. In this case, student mobility yields inefficiently high educational quality. For moderate externalities,
partial mobility is optimal and yields an inefficiently low quality of education.
相似文献
108.
The Effect of Regulatory Harmonization on Cross‐Border Labor Migration: Evidence from the Accounting Profession
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MATTHEW J. BLOOMFIELD ULF BRÜGGEMANN HANS B. CHRISTENSEN CHRISTIAN LEUZ 《Journal of Accounting Research》2017,55(1):35-78
The paper examines whether international regulatory harmonization increases cross‐border labor migration. To study this question, we analyze European Union initiatives that harmonized accounting and auditing standards. Regulatory harmonization should reduce economic mobility barriers, essentially making it easier for accounting professionals to move across countries. Our research design compares the cross‐border migration of accounting professionals relative to tightly matched other professionals before and after regulatory harmonization. We find that international labor migration in the accounting profession increases significantly relative to other professions. We provide evidence that this effect is due to harmonization, rather than increases in the demand for accounting services during the implementation of the rule changes. The findings illustrate that diversity in rules constitutes an economic barrier to cross‐border labor mobility and, more specifically, that accounting harmonization can have a meaningful effect on cross‐border migration. 相似文献
109.
110.
社会流动是影响社会结构变化和社会变迁方向的重要因素,也是影响政治稳定和经济发展的关键环节。在传统社会里,科举教育和捐官制度均是人才选拔与阶层向上流动的主要途径。文章以晚清官员履历档案的微观数据为基础,考察了科举教育与捐官制度之间的关系。研究发现,科举教育和捐官制度并不是完全排斥的两种入仕途径,它们相互交织,成为清代官制不可缺失的部分。其中,入仕的难易程度是不同教育出身的候选官员考虑是否捐纳以及如何捐纳的重要因素。捐纳对官员的晋升作用主要集中在政府对中层官员的选拔上,但要进入官僚等级的高层,官员的个人才能、家族的政治背景、政治上的裙带关系可能具有更为重要的作用。因此,文章为理解社会阶层的流动提供了一个新的视角,也为考试选拔制度和官僚体制的改革提供了历史经验和实证依据。 相似文献