旅游人类学视野中的"旅游文化"

旅游人类学是一门新兴的学科，是许多应用学科中的“后进者”。但是，旅游人类学对“旅游文化”的研究不仅成为该分支最具学科性的核心价值，也成了其他学科乃至决策部门关注的重要内容。本文试图对旅游人类学研究视野中“旅游文化”以及相关的问题作一些评述和分析，借此提出一些问题以期引起学界的注意和重视。这无论从学科的理论反思抑或是应用层面都是有益的。     

基于利益相关者界定的会计范式动态演进理论

根据利益相关者界定特征,会计范式可以分为核会计范式、次会计范式和泛会计范式,并且会计范式随着利益相关者的动态变化而动态演进。会计范式动态演进理论不仅有助于界定会计边界和会计研究内容和范畴,预测未来会计研究范畴的发展与变化,而且可以为社会责任会计、人力资源会计等非传统会计项目的研究、应用与发展奠定理论基础。根据会计范式动态演进理论,会计管制部门可以及时采取和变更管制策略,企业可以相机制定恰当的会计信息供给战略。     

人格心理学研究发展的综述

精神分析学派、特质学派、生物学学派、人本主义学派、行为主义学派以及认知学派构成了人格心理学的主要学派,它们对于我们理解人格的本质作出了贡献,且至今仍以不同的形式活跃在人格心理学的理论和实践中。本文在对人格心理学研究传统范式回顾的基础上,介绍了一些新的研究范式,并提出未来人格心理学研究的发展趋势,揭示人格研究的复杂性与广泛性。     

Investigating the impact of intelligent personal assistants on the purchase intentions of Generation Z consumers: The moderating role of brand credibility

Consumers increasingly use intelligent personal assistants for shopping, given their advantages of being hands-free and voice-controlled, enabling individuals to multi-task during interactions, and identifying users through voice printing. Members of Generation Z (Gen Z), the world's most populous generation, who focus on experiences and innovation and are familiar with using the internet, are increasingly using smart technologies. However, the factors that influence Gen Z consumers' purchase intentions as they use intelligent personal assistants (IPAs) are unknown. Drawing on the computers are social actors (CASA) paradigm, this paper explores how the intelligent features of IPAs affect Gen Z consumers' purchase intentions and investigates the moderating effect of brand credibility. Using structural equation modeling on a sample of 428 Gen Z consumers who use IPAs, the results show that personalization and a conversational tone have significant positive effects on informational support and emotional support. Autonomy and responsiveness have significant positive effects on informational support. Informational support and emotional support have a positive impact on purchase intentions. Brand credibility positively moderates the relationships between informational support and purchase intentions and between emotional support and purchase intentions. This study deepens our understanding of the antecedents of purchase intentions that affect Gen Z's use of IPAs and provides practical guidance for the development of IPAs. In addition, the results could help companies develop strategies to improve brand credibility to increase the purchase intentions of Gen Z consumers.     

Institutional Change and American Economic Growth

The environmental sustainability of economic growth has been subject to much debate for many decades. Recently, two alternatives to the growth paradigm have been put forward: namely, "a-growth" and "degrowth." The first proposes to ignore GDP information and focus instead on sound environmental, social, and economic policies independently of their effects on economic growth. The second recommends a downscaling of the economy so as to make it consistent with biophysical boundaries. We compare these approaches in the context of the growth paradigm and examine whether they have any merit. We further consider the potential contribution of institutional economics to further develop such alternatives.     

Looking for a safe haven after fancy thrills: a psychometric analysis of risk perception in alpine tourist destinations

Visitors’ risk perceptions have been found to influence the on‐site behaviour of tourists and their intention to return to a destination or to recommend it to others. The present study analyses the perception of tourism risks in the Tyrol, Austria. Building on the psychometric paradigm, participants (N = 207) assessed 15 vacation risks on nine risk characteristics that are derived from psychometric research and completed with characteristics relevant in a tourism context. Findings suggest that additionally to managing the most likely risks, alpine destinations should be prepared to cope with worst case scenarios such as ‘potable water poisoning’, ‘food poisoning’, ‘breaking of an embankment dam’, ‘rock fall on a village’, ‘cable car accident’ and ‘terrorist attack’. Considering these rather low‐probability risks is of decisive importance since such risks are especially prone to evoke public outrage if they – against all expectations – result in damaging events.     

Direct causal mechanisms of profit: dominant paradigm of profit seeking

This paper develops the direct causal mechanisms of profit (DCMP) to meet the conditions/requirements normatively drawn from the conceptual, logical and methodological dimensions of profit seeking, direct causal mechanisms, holistic and non-egalitarian approach, and deductive inference, which holds the proximate causal mechanism between technological change and needs evolution at the macro-foundations, and the ultimate causal mechanism between needs-focused innovation and explicit needs at the micro-foundations. From DCMP it derives propositions about matching goodness of the proximate causal mechanism and adaptive goodness of the ultimate causal mechanism, verifies them with the experiences of the winners/losers, and finally concludes that DCMP can work as the dominant paradigm of profit seeking, the determinants of firm/business success, and a powerful theoretical and practical foundation/framework for business model design and innovation, asserting that DCMP explains profit as outcome/effect in a more robust/comprehensive/persuasive manner than the existing paradigms because DCMP always guarantees the genuine causality.     

国家战略需求与中国旅游地理研究实践

在中国旅游业快速发展的背景下,旅游地理学研究成果始终结合国家战略需求,为中国旅游实践提供重要的理论支撑。中国旅游地理学者在此进程中形成了突出影响,在“绿水青山就是金山银山”这一重要理念的支撑下,旅游业是将资源环境优势转化为生态经济优势的重要途径,通过建立生态产品价值实现机制,构建“绿水青山”转化为“金山银山”的政策制度体系;凭借资源优势,发展旅游业成为落后地区摆脱贫困的重要手段,通过对旅游多维减贫效应的测度和分析,有助于更加精准地识别贫困,进而研究旅游发展对于贫困地区经济、社会、文化和环境的多维减贫效应。交通运输系统作为我国国民经济中基础性、先导性、战略性产业和重要的服务性行业,其要素的变动对旅游发展及多尺度旅游空间结构带来了巨大的影响,通过对新时期交通影响下旅游空间格局的演化、旅游影响区域的差异、旅游交通空间行为等的研究,可以为旅游交通的可持续和高质量发展提供一定的理论支撑。面对国家战略需求和工作重点,旅游地理研究实践须与国家需求有效结合,来拓展广阔的学术天地。     

IT商业价值实现范式研究及其延伸探析

IT商业价值是信息系统管理领域最为热门的研究课题之一，然而现有文献囿于一种固有的研究范式，即从IT投资、经过一些中间因素到IT影响，再到企业绩效。通过对此研究范式的研究，发现其中存在的一些不足之处。在此基础上，从供应链、流程和信息价值等方面提出一个新的研究范式，作为对现有研究的一个延伸和补充。     

The Market for Corporate Control and the Agency Paradigm

The paper analyzes the role of agency driven takeover activity. The analysis shows that takeovers can play an important role in reducing agency costs even though the gains from the corporate restructuring that follows the takeovers are zero, which counters existing models of agency driven takeover activity. The model can therefore form the basis for deriving empirical predictions which discriminate between the agency paradigm and the corporate restructuring paradigm of takeover activity. Negative post-merger performance (Agrawal et al., 1992), which is inconsistent with corporate restructuring is consistent with this model, and that takeover targets' investment levels are below or at the average (Servaes 1994), which is inconsistent with the free cash flow theory is also consistent with this model.