美国金融危机根源的解读及对中国的启示

一切危机都是源于根本矛盾的集中爆发,导火索只是必然中的偶然。在由次贷风波引爆的美国金融危机波及全球的背景之下,重新审视两大经济学范式下的三种危机理论,全面把握经济危机的本质和根源,深入解读资本主义经济危机,探索化解经济危机理论和政策,对于中国社会主义市场经济的发展有着十分重要的启示。     

An econometric framework for testing the eclectic paradigm of international firm activities

In empirical research on direct investments, Dunning's eclectic paradigm is widely accepted. While this paradigm serves as a theoretical basis for selecting possible explanatory variables, econometric specification usually is ad hoc. This paper shows the implications of the eclectic paradigm for the econometric estimation of investment determinants using firm-level data. The assumptions on the eclectic paradigm lead to a multiplicative model, which calls for a particular estimation strategy. In this way, the empirical analysis is coherently linked to the theoretical base. Furthermore, it becomes possible to systematically test the assumptions of the eclectic paradigm.     

城市问题及城市范式变迁

城市问题伴随城市的产生而出现,随着城市问题的产生--解决--新问题的出现,用于解决城市问题、指导城市建设的城市科学,也在不断地经历一次又一次的科学革命与范式的变迁.本文主要从世界观、城市问题、城市科学方法论的角度出发,探讨城市科学范式的变迁过程,在对旧范式进行批判的同时,对新的城市科学范式--生态城市范式的成就与问题进行了分析.     

Can East Asia rise again?

In recent times, the economies of East Asia have been confronted by two major economic recessions, the first caused by the East Asian financial crisis, and the second by the slump in the ‘new economy.’ The causes of these two recessions, their scope and their influences differ significantly and during these periods of economic downturn the economies affected have adopted various monetary policies aimed at reducing interest rates and tax rates, and pursuing the expansion of government expenditure. However, these policies have obviously not yet been as effective as expected.This paper sets out to determine those factors affecting the possibility of East Asia rising again from the recent economic slump, a slump which has stemmed from excessive investment in the electronics and information industries. The paper begins with an overview of the East Asian economy, with particular reference to the recent serious decline following the steady recovery from the East Asian financial crisis and a review of the measures taken to counter it. Proposals are then made with regard to a number of lessons to be learned from the recent slump.There are three major issues involved in the question of whether East Asia can rise again from the current economic slump. First of all, many of the economies of East Asia have tried their utmost to upgrade their industrial structures from labor- to technology-intensive, or towards a knowledge-based economy and, to some extent, have actually been quite successful in achieving their goals. Secondly, almost all of the East Asian economies have paid particular attention to educational development, with many families having sent their children to foreign countries to receive advanced education in the hope that when they return they can make a substantial contribution to the progress of their home economies—examples of this trend are provided by Taiwan and India. Thirdly, there are abundant natural resources in East Asia along with rich sources of manpower with a hard-working spirit; these two factors can create comparative advantages and strengthen the competitiveness of these economies.In view of the recent developments towards regionalism, it is imperative for the economies of East Asia to form an East Asian Community in the near future, and many of the economies in this region are currently endeavoring to realize this vision, despite many obstacles still facing East Asia which will ultimately need to be overcome.     

新发展格局下加强供应链韧性治理研究

党的二十大报告明确提出,要“着力提升产业链供应链韧性和安全水平”。安全稳定的产业链供应链是构建新发展格局的重要基础,是以新安全格局保障新发展格局的内在要求。加强供应链韧性治理是构建安全稳定产业链供应链的重要途径。供应链韧性具备系统集成性特征,企业为统筹经济效率与安全的双重目标,需要在全球供应链网络中与合作伙伴加强协同合作,强化事前、事中和事后治理过程中的预测、响应、抵抗、恢复和学习能力,从而提升供应链韧性治理水平。当前,我国面临严峻的内外部经济形势,进一步加强产业链供应链韧性治理,提升企业与产业应对复杂多变的国内外政治经济形势的能力,有利于推动构建以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局。     

所见即所得:旅游眼动研究述评与展望

旅游作为一种视觉体验活动,探究旅游者的注视兴趣、视觉轨迹及其影响对发现旅游者视线特点、改进视觉对象的呈现方式具有重要意义。受限于传统自我报告研究方法所存在的主观偏差,如何更加客观科学地揭示旅游者视觉规律成为旅游学界亟待解决的研究课题。近年来,眼动追踪技术不断成熟,使得通过眼动探究内心成为可能,并逐渐引起旅游学者的重视。基于此,本文首先介绍了眼动原理和眼动追踪技术的发展脉络,然后总结和分析了心理学与管理学等领域的眼动研究进展,并对旅游领域的眼动研究现状进行了系统的文献述评,最后探讨了未来的研究展望。研究发现,近年来国内外旅游学界对眼动研究的关注开始升温,成果数量呈现上升趋势。目前该领域的研究热点主要集中在旅游营销、旅游地图与旅游地空间感知以及旅游资源评价等方面。本文基于对旅游眼动研究框架的梳理,建议未来可以从挖掘眼动心理机制、关注视觉材料加工模式、探索眼动指标、提升眼动研究外部效度以及规范眼动研究流程等方面作进一步探索。     

制造业数字化转型的内在机理与实现路径

作为信息化与工业化深度融合的重要体现,制造业数字化转型是\"技术-经济\"范式变革在制造领域的深化与应用,是现代信息技术对制造业的要素结构、生产方式、组织结构以及价值来源的根本性变革。当前,我国制造业企业存在着\"不想转型\"\"不能转型\"\"不会转型\"三重困境,本质上是企业层面数字化转型能力、产业层面数字化支撑能力、多元主体数字化协同能力不足以及整体层面开放共享不充分的表现。鉴于此,应深化信息技术应用以提升企业动态能力,通过产业创新与产业融合激发潜在的发展空间,通过多元制造业主体有效对接与高效协同促进制造业体系与信息技术体系的开放共享,加快推进制造业数字化转型。     

Explaining variability in the investment location choices of MNEs: An exploration of country,industry and firm effects

This paper examines the variation in foreign direct investment (FDI) location decisions of European multinational enterprises (MNEs.) An innovative empirical approach is applied to a new data set which contains over 15,000 individual FDI location decisions in 25 European countries over a 17-year period and combines country-, industry- and firm-level factors. The empirical results show that the responsiveness of FDI location choices to country-level factors is heterogeneous both across sectors and across firms of different characteristics as well as unobserved factors. For example, the results show that the importance of market size increases with investing firm’s size and skill intensity, while proximity between countries, as well as cultural and linguistic ties are more important for smaller firms.