隐私权与知情权:证券交易信息披露边界研究

信息披露对金融监管极其重要。然而一个被忽视的问题是信息披露越多市场就越公正吗?即信息披露是否存在边界?对此无论是理论界还是实务界都没有明确界定,致使金融监管在实践中遭遇困境。文章以TopView为案例,首先指出TopView的推出、修改以及关闭的整个过程反映了机构隐私权与投资者(主要是中小投资者)知情权之间的冲突,这是信息披露边界模糊的结果;其次揭示了隐私权与知情权之争在信息不对称、市场流动性以及监管者非理性方面的经济学含义;最后探讨了信息披露边界确定的意义,指出了信息披露边界的划分原则、影响因素和法律保障。     

Factors that Influence Consumers’ Attitudes toward Internet Buying in Nigeria

The study used previously validated measurement instrument to investigate, in a Nigerian context, the extent to which some specific factors like perceived security, perceived privacy, perceived integrity, constrained consumer’s product need, personality, perceived ease of use, perceived usability, perceived usefulness, and previous experience in Internet buying predict consumers’ attitude towards Internet buying in Nigeria. The survey research was adopted and the population of the study consisted of postgraduate management students form University of Benin, Benson Idahosa University, Ambrose Ali University, and Graduate MBA Students from the University of Benin. Data were analyzed using regression, t test and ANOVA. The research findings were: perceived privacy, constrained product need, consumers’ previous online experience and perceived usability exert strong predictive influence on consumers’ attitude towards internet buying in Nigeria. In view of the findings, a modified model that addresses the key factors influencing consumers’ attitude towards Internet buying in Nigeria is proposed.     

美国个人征信权益保护与征信业发展的立法经验——对中国征信立法的启示

当前我国对个人征信业务需求日趋扩大,但由于征信业发展滞后、法律制度不完善、个人守信意识和维权意识较差,个人信用侵权行为时有发生。因此,借鉴美国分散立法、判例执法、个人信息“宽进严出”等经验,立足我国实际,提出我国征信业发展过程中个人权益得到保护的建议,即依法治国为理念、公共权益为原则、信息征集为基础、信息应用为关键、救济制度为补充。     

个人信用征信中隐私权保护存在的问题及完善建议

目前,我国个人信用征信中隐私权保护存在着征信立法滞后、信用信息征集使用和提供不规范、信用信息市场监管机制不健全、权利救济制度缺乏等问题。今后,应明确个人隐私权保护的立法原则,修改现有法律,进行新的立法,建立多层次、全方位的个人隐私权的保障救济机制,逐步完善我国个人信用征信中的隐私权保护制度。     

Disclosure protection of microdata: problems and solutions

National statistical offices meet an increasing demand for the dissemination of data sets containing individual data on respondents. This trend may cause problems with respect to the care taken not to disclose data about individuals. Therefore the risk of disclosure of each microdata set to be released should be assessed. If this risk is too high, measures have to be taken to protect the data set. This contribution describes the disclosure problem, and explains why it is a real problem. Using the concept of uniqueness, some theory is developed which may help to establish the risk of identification. It turns out that useful microdata sets can only be released if some of the disclosure risks are dealt with by legal arrangements, rather than by restrictions on the data to be released.     

Like or dislike? Adolescents’ responses to personalized social network site advertising

Increasingly, personal data posted by users of social network sites (SNSs) can be used to personalize advertising. The present study investigates how adolescents respond to personalized ads in terms of attitude toward the ad, brand engagement and intention to forward, and whether privacy concerns moderate their responses. According to pretest results, a medium level of personalization was expected to be optimal in terms of advertising effectiveness. A within-subjects experiment involving 40 participants aged 14–18 years was performed. Three conditions of personalized advertising were designed with, respectively, low, medium, and high levels of personalization. The study found that the highest personalization condition generated the most positive response and that privacy concerns did not moderate the effects of personalization. The privacy paradox is discussed as an alternative explanation, along with other implications of the results.     

RFID技术、保护隐私权与公共政策

本文分析了RFID无线射频识别技术在流通领域的应用前景和预期效益，论述了RFID技术与保护消费者隐私权的关系，以及相关公共政策。应用RFID技术，应注重保护消费者隐私权，制定相关公共政策。公共政策应包括多方参与的技术评估、公正信息原理、界限范围和行业自律等方面内容。     

Self-Disclosure and Managing Privacy: Implications for Interpersonal and Online Communication for Consumers and Marketers

In our fast-changing technological world, the line between the offline and online world has become blurred and individuals are faced with constant opportunities to divulge personal details. The process of disclosing sensitive information to others is necessary for establishing, maintaining, and building relationships, both with people and businesses; however, it also creates opportunities for misuse of the disclosed information. Consumers who are willing to disclose personal information online may often be unaware of the full implications of such disclosure. By thoroughly exploring the origins and processes of self-disclosure, and outlining its development in interpersonal and online communication, individuals will become more aware of their (sometimes competing) implicit and explicit disclosure behaviors necessary for enacting strong privacy management. Utilizing communication privacy management (CPM) theory, this article proposes a framework for ongoing consideration of how self-disclosure and privacy function online. By framing privacy in terms of the literature of communicative self-disclosure, CPM instructs the building of privacy boundaries that are functional for consumers and marketers alike, allowing people to protect themselves online while also ensuring their continued enjoyment of Internet provided benefits.     

Privacy in Doubt: An Empirical Investigation of Canadians' Knowledge of Corporate Data Collection and Usage Practices

We investigate Canadians' level of awareness of the ways in which businesses collect and use their data via existing and emerging technologies, including facial and voice recognition, mobile location tracking and the Internet of Things. In a survey of 1,005 Canadians, we found that many respondents are ill informed about how their data are being collected and used. Such low awareness of data practices is partially explained by the shortcomings of the “privacy notice.” We suggest further research into alternative methods of informing Canadians about corporate data practices and of enhancing individuals' control of private data in today's increasingly connected and mobile world. Copyright © 2018 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Advisors and asset prices: A model of the origins of bubbles

We develop a model of asset price bubbles based on the communication process between advisors and investors. Advisors are well-intentioned and want to maximize the welfare of their advisees (like a parent treats a child). But only some advisors understand the new technology (the tech-savvies); others do not and can only make a downward-biased recommendation (the old-fogies). While smart investors recognize the heterogeneity in advisors, naive ones mistakenly take whatever is said at face value. Tech-savvies inflate their forecasts to signal that they are not old-fogies, since more accurate information about their type improves the welfare of investors in the future. A bubble arises for a wide range of parameters, and its size is maximized when there is a mix of smart and naive investors in the economy. Our model suggests an alternative source for stock over-valuation in addition to investor overreaction to news and sell-side bias.