Accounting for Gender in a Study of the Motivation-Involvement Relationship

ABSTRACT

The effects of gender on involvement in high-risk recreation have received limited research attention despite mounting evidence suggesting the learned interactions between people and places likely vary for men and women. The purpose of this study was to provide insights into how gender influenced the motivation-involvement relationship among whitewater recreationists on a Wild and Scenic River in California. Our results revealed the motivations of Risk, Escape, Learning, and Achievement/Stimulation positively influenced involvement in rafting activities. Although gender did not influence all dimensions of involvement, we found that identity expression varied between subgroups. Specifically, men were more likely to ascribe meaning to rafting than women because this activity allowed them to affirm and express their individual character. The implications emanating from this study advance theoretical understanding of the factors that influence enduring involvement and inform natural resource management decisions about maintaining the desired benefits of activities sought by nature-based recreationists.     

创新项目组合管理绩效关键影响因素的实证研究

为了维持长期的竞争优势,企业需要不断进行技术创新和产品创新。如何在有限的研发资源下使创新项目组合的绩效最大化是企业进行创新管理中面临的主要问题。本文从创新项目组合的战略一致性、平均项目绩效和业务协同3个指标来度量创新项目组合管理绩效,并从流程和管理者的视角研究其关键影响因素。通过实证研究发现,高管参与和项目组合管理流程的设计与实施对项目组合的战略一致性有显著的正向影响;高管参与、项目经理胜任力和项目终止质量对平均项目绩效有显著正向影响;项目经理胜任力、项目组合管理流程的设计与实施和项目中止质量对业务协同有显著正向影响。     

家族涉入方式的差异如何影响企业双元创新意愿?

文章以2012-2017 年中国上市家族企业的数据,基于社会情感财富理论,分析了家族在股权与管理层两种不同涉入方式下的战略偏好与目标导向,进而探究出其对于双元创新的影响,并结合产品市场竞争环境下的情形,进一步分析了市场竞争的加剧对于股权涉入和管理层涉入与双元创新关系的调节效应。结果发现：家族在股权涉入与利用式创新呈显著的正相关,但与开发式创新呈负相关,而家族管理层涉入与利用式创新和开发式创新均呈现显著的正相关;产品市场环境的竞争能够加强家族股权涉入与利用式创新的正向关系和家族管理层涉入与开发式创新的正向关系。     

陕北传统米酒曲中优势菌种的分离、纯化及鉴定

为进一步提高陕北传统米酒的质量,保持或改善其风味,本研究对陕北传统米酒酒曲中的微生物进行分离、纯化、鉴定,并分析了微生物的数量分布。根据培养特性、菌体形态及生理生化检测进行菌种鉴定,得到24个不同属、种的微生物菌株;活菌计数结果显示霉菌和酵母菌为酒曲中的优势菌种,分别占总菌数的57%和38%。将分离所得微生物中17个种的优势菌株进行纯种培养,其中霉菌8株,酵母菌9株。并对8株霉菌所产生的α-淀粉酶和糖化酶活力进行比较研究,结果显示米根霉（Rhizopus oryzae）,华根霉（Rhizopus chinensis）,米曲霉（Aspergillus oryzae）相比另外5株霉菌表现出较高的酶活力,其α-淀粉酶活力分别为798U/g,672U/g,701U/g;糖化酶活力分别为2641U/g,2321U/g,2538U/g,可作为生产米酒的理想菌种。     

The Relationship Between Father Involvement in Family Leisure and Family Functioning: The Importance of Daily Family Leisure

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between fathers’ involvement in family leisure and aspects of family functioning from both a father and young adolescent perspective. The sample consisted of fathers and their adolescent child from 647 families throughout the United States. Results from both the father and youth perspective indicated significant relationships between father involvement in both core and balance family leisure with family cohesion, family adaptability, and overall family functioning. Satisfaction with core family leisure that included the father's involvement was the single strongest predictor of all aspects of family functioning from both perspectives highlighting the importance of regularly occurring home-based family activities such as eating dinner together, participating in hobbies and informal sports or yard activities together, watching television together, or playing board games and video games together. Discussion and implications for fathers, families, practitioners, and future research are presented.     

The Causal Relationships among Recreational Involvement,Flow Experience,and Well-being for Surfing Activities

The purpose of this study was to explore the causal relationships among recreational involvement, flow experience, and well-being, as well as the mediating role of flow experience between recreational involvement and well-being. Three hundred and twenty-two recreational surfers who participated in water activities were surveyed by questionnaire and structural equation modeling was used to examine the variables. This research found that if surfers have a high level of recreational involvement, they will also feel a high level of well-being. If surfers have a high level of recreational involvement, they will also have a high level of flow experience from the activity. Finally, the flow experience acquired by surfers from the activity has played a mediating role between recreational involvement and well-being. Managerial implications were drawn based on the research findings and suggestions for future researchers were proposed.     

气候变化对新疆酿酒葡萄种植气候区划的影响

研究气候变化背景下新疆酿酒葡萄种植气候区划的变化,对适应气候变化,科学制定新疆酿酒葡萄发展规划,促进新疆葡萄酒产业的持续稳定发展具有重要意义。利用新疆101个气象站1961~2014年的历史气候资料,使用线性趋势分析、累积距平和t-检验以及基于Arc GIS的混合插值法,在对近54年新疆无霜冻期、4~9月干燥度指数和大风日数时空变化进行分析的基础上,结合酿酒葡萄种植气候区划指标,对气候变化背景下新疆酿酒葡萄种植气候区划的变化进行了分析。研究结果表明:新疆无霜冻期表现为\"南疆长,北疆短;平原和盆地长,山区短\"、4~9月干燥度为\"平原和盆地大,山区小\"、4~9月大风日数呈现\"北疆多,南疆少;东部和西部多,中部少;峡谷和山口地带多,平原地区少\"的空间分布特点。近54年,新疆无霜冻期总体以3.57d/10a的倾向率呈显著(α=0.001)增多趋势,并于1997年发生了突变。4~9月干燥度和大风日数分别以-0.40/10a和-3.10d/10a的倾向率呈显著(α=0.001)减小(少)趋势,且分别于1987年和1986年发生了突变。受其影响,1997年后较其之前,新疆酿酒葡萄最适宜种植区减小了6.201万km~2,占比减小3.7个百分点;适宜种植区增大了25.63万km~2,占比增大15.4个百分点;次适宜种植区和不宜种植区分别缩小了7.432万km~2和11.99万km~2,占比分别减小4.4和7.2个百分点。气候变化对新疆酿酒葡萄种植的影响既有利也有弊,但总体来说利大于弊。适宜区面积明显扩大,次适宜和不适宜区面积明显减小,这对促进新疆酿酒葡萄种植业以及葡萄酒产业发展具有重要意义,但最适宜种植区面积略有减小又会产生一定不利影响。     

葡萄酒质量的评价研究——基于多种数学模型的综合分析

采用加权法、方差分析对两组评酒员的评价结果进行差异性分析,得出第二组评酒员的评价结果更可信。后利用主成分分析得出酿酒葡萄理化指标的主成分得分,并用模糊C均值聚类将酿酒葡萄分为五级。基于典型相关分析对酿酒葡萄与葡萄酒的理化指标进行分析,并得出:酿酒葡萄、葡萄酒的理化指标之间具有较强的相关性。在典型相关分析的基础之上对指标进行筛选,运用逐步回归得出酿酒葡萄、葡萄酒的理化指标与葡萄酒质量的回归模型。