海关现行单耗管理模式的问题分析与对策

单耗管理,作为海关加工贸易管理的基础和核心,在海关加工贸易监管工作中发挥着重要作用。随着加工贸易创新发展和海关各项业务改革的不断深入,改进单耗管理已经迫在眉睫、势在必行,本文主要根据加工贸易发展现状,分析了现行单耗管理模式的问题,研究了单耗管理的特点和规律,进而对下一步加工贸易改革创新提出政策建议。     

Fear of climate change consequences and predictors of intentions to alter meat consumption

Reducing or altering meat consumption has the potential to significantly lower the impact humans have on climate change. Consumers, however, are unlikely to break their food habits unless they are aware of the problem and motivated by the solutions. Fear appeals are often used to overcome this, however, their effectiveness in the context of meat reduction and climate change is unclear. Given the widespread use of fear appeals in information policy, it is important to understand more. The aim of this study was to explore fear—or more specifically—the danger control process in a climate change—food context in order to understand the factors which motivate consumers to reduce or alter their meat consumption. Using a stratified random sample of 222 respondents in Southern Sweden, we develop a model for predicting intentions to adopt specific and general actions to reduce or alter meat consumption. Our results suggest that the general key to motivating consumers is through increasing their self-efficacy towards adopting meat alternatives and educating them on the importance their actions have in reducing the threat. We also found that appraising the threat to self (or those close) was significant, but surprisingly the effect size was greater when the threat concerned others (e.g. others in impoverished nations, animals).     

国内阿维菌素的生产与消费

本文介绍了阿维菌素的生产技术，分析了国内阿维菌素的生产现状、市场需求和价格趋势，并对我国阿维菌素的发展提出了建议。     

对我国能源安全战略问题的思考

能源安全是能源供应安全和能源使用安全的有机统一,能源安全的重要性已得到国际社会普遍认可。随着中国经济飞速发展带来的巨大的能源需求,国内能源供应将面临潜在的总量短缺,尤其是石油、天然气供应将面临结构性短缺,能源使用与环境保护之间的矛盾呈恶化趋势。我国应从海外开拓、国家石油战略储备、节能降耗、能源结构转换与新能源开发利用等战略方面采取有效对策,保证充足的能源供应,构筑可持续发展的社会。     

Vegetarian Utopias: Visions of dietary patterns in future societies and support for social change

The current study draws on the collective futures framework to examine how visions of future societies where most people consume plant-based, vegetarian or vegan diets are related to current support for social change towards plant-based diets. Participants were 506 university students in Aotearoa New Zealand invited to imagine a society in 2050 where most individuals consume a plant-based, vegetarian, or vegan diet. A thematic analysis was conducted on responses to an open-ended item asking how these future societies would be different to today. Participants reported a variety of potential positive and negative outcomes for individuals and wider society. Subsequent analyses of attitudes scales investigated the relationships between the collective dimensions of plant-based future societies and support for policies to promote plant-based diets. For a vegetarian future, the strongest predictor of current support for social change was the expectation that widespread vegetarianism would reduce societal dysfunction. For a vegan future, the strongest predictor of support for social change was an expectation of increased warmth in a vegan society. Implications for theory and advocacy are discussed.     

Personality and older consumers’ green behaviour in the UK

The UK government has set an ambitious target of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 80% before 2050. An interesting segment that could help to achieve this is older consumers, due to their growing numbers. There seems to be a lack of attention, in the research looking specifically at different age categories of older consumers’ green behaviour, and whether their level of greenness can be explained by their personality. Using Socioemotional Selectivity Theory and Time Perspective, the research presented here was designed to provide an exploratory analysis of how the green behaviour of older consumers is explained by their personality types. Based on the responses of 204 older consumers in the UK, our results find the openness personality trait to be positively linked to green behaviour, whilst the extraversion personality trait is negatively related to green behaviour. Although the level of green behaviour increased with older consumers’ age, this did not reach significance.     

Hyperbolic Discounting and Consumer Patience: The Case of Korea

ABSTRACT

In this article, we test whether the consumption pattern in Korea exhibits a time-inconsistent discounting behavior compared to the conventional exponential discounting. We derive the quasi-hyperbolic Euler equation and estimate it using the generalized method of moments (GMM). The estimation results show that Korean consumers exhibit a time-inconsistent quasi-hyperbolic discounting behavior in general, but the pattern of inconsistency in consumption behavior, in particular the degree of impatience, depends on the estimation period, in particular whether it includes financial crisis periods in 1997–98 and 2008–11.     

试论人的充分消费与人的可持续发展的实现

文章论述了人的充分消费与人的可持续发展的内在本质共性,指出人的充分消费与人的可持续发展具有全面性、阶段性和连贯性,在此基础上提出实现人的充分消费与人的可持续发展的有机融合转变:实现提高赚钱本事为主向提高花钱本事为主有机融合转变,实现提高物质文明为主向提高精神文明为主有机融合转变,实现提高生存长久为主向提高快乐长久为主的有机融合转变。     

Expenditure Pattern for Food Away from Home Consumption in Turkey

ABSTRACT

One of the largest recent changes in consumer food purchasing behavior is the trend towards greater consumption of food eaten outside the home. Between 1994 and 2000, the share of total food expenditures spent on food away from home (FAFH) increased from 7 to 15% with an increasing share for fast-food facilities. This study focuses on whether demographic and socioeconomic factors have detectable effects on Turkish FAFH expenditures. This question is of interest because previous studies suggest that increasing household income, education, female labor participation and changing lifestyle especially in developing countries increased household FAFH consumption share but decreased food at home consumption share. However, no study to our knowledge has examined the combined effect of income, education, employment, and family status on Turkish FAFH consumption. The data for this research were obtained from personal interviews of representative sample households of the province of Adana in Turkey. The findings of this study generally indicate that restaurant facilities, employment of wife and education, composition of household, and income are statistically significant determinants of FAFH consumption.