The impacts of value chain upgrading on the export of processed food

Upgrading in global value chains (GVCs) is an important path for developing countries to move along to capture higher benefits. Several qualitative studies of GVCs have identified two main upgrading types: economic (product, process, functional, and inter-sectoral) and social upgrading. The upgrading concept is widespread in productive sectors such as processed food, which has become a key export for developing countries. However, they have confronted multiple product standards required by global buyers. This study uses a case study of Thailand’s processed food exports (TPFEs). Although Thailand is a leading exporter of processed food, the country needs to upgrade in many areas related to production to meet global product standards and requirements. If Thailand fails to comply with global product standards, it will lose its export competitiveness. This study uses a gravity model to evaluate the impact of economic and social upgrading (EUP and SUP) on TPFEs. Our results show that upgrading types are significant in TPFEs, particularly for exports to developed countries. Process upgrading has a negative impact on TPFEs because of increased production costs to comply with product standards. However, process upgrading can lead to increased producers’ and exporters’ knowledge about how to comply with international standards. Consequently, process upgrading exhibits a lagged positive effect on TPFEs.     

基于AHP的模糊综合评价法在连锁经营伙伴选择中的应用

本文提出了加盟盟主对盟员选择的指标体系,并在此基础上应用基于AHP的模糊综合评价法对盟员进行评价。该方法不仅可以确定“准加盟者”的排序,而且可以确定各自的等级。     

特许经营在我国旅行社业中的发展

作为一种新兴的商业模式和营销体系，应用在旅行社业中的特许经营是旅游批发(经营)商控制销售渠道的一种手段。目前，我国旅行社业中引入特许经营还不是非常普遍。在对特许经营内涵进行界定的基础上，从我国旅行社业现状出发，通过对特许经营优势的阐述，表明我国旅行社业引入特许经营进行扩张的必要性。同时阐述了中外旅行社业应用特许经营的现状、存在问题以及特许经营在我国旅行社业中的未来发展趋势，希望能对正处于扩张思变期的中国旅行社业有所借鉴。     

发展特许连锁经营,促进城乡居民就业

本依据我国近年来特许连锁经营发展的形势，阐述了特许连锁经营在民间投资和就业发展上的特有功效，提出了利用特许连锁经营促进我国城乡就业的观点，并指出了需要进一步完善的政策和措施。     

Stakeholder management in sustainable supply chains: A case study of the bioenergy industry

Engaging with stakeholders and managing their issues when striving for a sustainable supply chain (SC) is a significant challenge. Although most studies on sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) consider stakeholder management necessary, little is known about related stakeholder management practices in SSCM. Thus, this paper seeks to enrich the theoretical debate on stakeholder management practices in SSCM through a case study approach to bioenergy SCs in Chile. Based on 28 interviews with SC actors and representatives from the surrounding stakeholder environment, the deductive–inductive analysis reveals that stakeholder management combines different practices to discuss stakeholder concerns, address them, and evaluate the process at the SC's external and internal levels. We propose structuring these practices based on two dimensions: “practices to address stakeholder requirements” and “practices whereby stakeholders are integrated.” The analysis' results indicate that although two-way communication with stakeholders can be seen as the core of stakeholder management, a certain willingness to learn and transform SC design is a prerequisite for true orientation toward stakeholder management in SSCM. Additionally, linkage development and local anchoring are practices used to obtain further legitimacy at the external level. Building on these findings, this study can guide practitioners in engaging with stakeholders and managing their issues across the SC.     

建立应急防控物资供应链模式设想

伴随紧急事件发生常会出现物资短缺、供应渠道不畅等问题,尤其对于一些像医疗用品等特殊物资的供给,因其规格标准具有严格要求,加之生产企业和供应商数量有限,短时间获得大量供应尤其存在困难。文章运用供应链管理模式结合医用物资的生产供应特点,提出了由政府层面组建应急防控物资供应链并发挥指挥协调作用的设想,通过集中整合政府各职能部门和社会分散资源,保障各类应急防控物资顺利获得并及时发送到位。     

Competition and Regulation in Franchise Bidding

In this work we show that the separation property identified in the franchise bidding literature depends strictly on the hypothesis of coincidence of the regulator's beliefs with those of the competing firms. Nevertheless, in many contexts it is more truthful to hypothesize that the regulator's information is vaguer than that of the producers, so we introduce the possibility that the regulator is dealing with a double informational asymmetry as compared to the firms. In this case, the separation property is no longer valid, and the optimal tariff becomes a decreasing function of the degree of competition exercised during the auction.     

动态比较优势与中国目标产业选择实证分析

通过动态比较优势的理论模型，可揭示后进国家政策介入的必要性和有效性；采用独立随机增量过程马尔可夫链方法，可对中国制造业动态比较优势进行经验验证和预测。结果显示，弱比较劣势产业是目标产业。该些产业的优势状态保持不变或上移的概率高达80％以上，表明它们具有较大的潜在比较优势。     

中国商业银行特许权价值:基于面板数据的实证研究

银行特许权价值(FV)与银行的冒险动机密切相关,FV高的银行因珍惜其FV,避免破产后被吊销执照,会自动采取审慎的经营战略;反之,FV低的银行则冒险动机强烈,导致银行失败的可能性更大。实证研究表明,国内商业银行单位资本的特许权价值(UBFV)虽然较原先有所改善,并逐渐提高,但取值仍然不高,特别是国有商业银行的UBFV还在零值附近徘徊。这揭示了中国商业银行缺乏自律动机,冒险违规事件屡屡出现的内在原因。中国商业银行只有在金融全球化、一体化的浪潮中准确把握自身优势与不足,努力提高FV,抑制过度冒险冲动,实现审慎经营,才能在全球竞争中立于不败之地。     

政府投资项目双层多级委托代理链的分析

本文分析了政府投资项目双层多级委托代理链和两个层次中的代理人问题.第一层委托代理关系是从公众到政府代理,主要的代理问题是对公共权力的约束.第二层委托代理关系是从政府代理人到项目业主和项目执行团队,主要代理问题是政府代理人如何约束其项目业主.在第二层委托代理关系中我国政府投资项目管理方式改革发展方向是以业主市场代理模式取代业主行政代理模式.代建制的推行就是为了适应这种发展趋势的改革举措.