Stock authorizations: A sequential equilibrium analysis

We develop a sequential equilibrium model of the common stock authorization process. We provide conditions under which actions that increase the number of slack shares, such as stock authorizations, generate negative announcement effects.     

企业绿色营销投资与绩效回报研究——基于中国上市林业企业经验数据

通过建立假设模型,研究中国上市林业企业绿色营销投资与绩效回报的关系,搜集中国上市林业企业数据进行测试得出:企业闲余资金和企业规模对企业绿色营销投资都有积极影响,而且两者共同作用也对绿色营销投资产生影响;企业多元化经营性质不同,相关多元化经营和非相关多元化经营的企业进行绿色投资,在营业额和企业最终净利润上得到的回报不同。     

Enticing Employees to Lie: Using Role Play to Understand and Mitigate Unintended Consequences of Budgeting*

This role play is a short, in‐class interactive exercise that places students in the role of a factory worker who is asked to commit to a future production amount. The role play demonstrates why employees may be tempted to lie when asked to reveal their future productive capacities. The experiential exercise illustrates the tension between using budget information for both planning and control purposes, and then asks students to propose how senior managers may effectively manage this tension. The role play provides an opportunity to enhance students' moral sensitivities as it concludes with a review of the fundamental ethical principles of International Federation of Accountants (IFAC), noting that although budgetary slack is a widespread phenomenon, it clearly violates IFAC's principles.     

Translating strategy into action: The importance of an agile mindset and agile slack in international business

There is growing recognition that agility, the ability to respond quickly, is essential for international business (IB) in times of daunting challenges. Drawing on the resource-based view, we argue that agility is more than a capability and therefore should be investigated from a broader perspective. The current study offers insights for the IB literature by introducing agile resources (mindset and slack) as drivers of marketing strategy effectiveness capability. An agile mindset drives firms to seek out and introduce new management methods and approaches by encouraging their members to be alert to new and innovative ways of doing things. Agile slack refers to unutilized resources that can be quickly deployed in new strategic initiatives. An analysis of survey data from 179 managers via structural equation modeling shows that an agile mindset and agile slack strongly drive marketing strategy effectiveness capability. Marketing strategy effectiveness is a crucial driver of international performance. Nevertheless, the results suggest that while agile resources are important drivers of marketing strategy effectiveness, they do not influence performance directly. Hence, a firm’s ability to exploit resources through capabilities is critical, and to be truly agile, firms must invest in agile slack resources. Managers are advised to improve their firm’s effectiveness and performance by adopting an agile mindset while relying on agile slack resources.     

An Empirical Study on Bud(g)etary Slack,Operational Efficiency, and Transfer Value

Budgetary slack directly impairs a firm’s budgetary management. Budgetary slack at a firm’s business unit level makes the firm level budget like a building on sand. However, it is difficult to detect the existence and to evaluate the extent of budgetary slack at a firm’s business unit level. Starting with the five-year historical data of a service delivery center in a U.S. Fortune 500 firm, this research develops a comprehensive approach for probing and assessing the budgetary slack in a firm’s business units. The approach leverages operational efficiencies and transfer values of business units of a firm’s internal transfer system. It also contributes to evaluating the rationale of the budget of a firm’s business unit in the budgetary approval process.     

Four supply chain management systems: From supply chain strategies to human resource management

This article develops a conceptual model that supports and aligns supply chain strategies with organizational culture and leadership styles. We examine various supply chain theories and organizational behavior concepts to develop an integrated supply chain: the human factor model. Based on the underlying dimensions of environmental uncertainty and product complexity, we propose a 2x2 typology to identify four different supply chain systems that can be used by organization leaders to identify suitable supply chain strategies and compatible people management practices. We provide a useful and practical framework to analyze the alignment between the external environment and the internal organization of a supply chain system.     

敏捷开发模式在“单一窗口”建设中的实践

当前软件开发面临着需求的不确定性和频繁变更,客户希望快速交付,以往的开发模式已渐渐不能帮助软件开发取得成功,敏捷开发模式的出现,有效解决了软件开发中的痛点,本文从"单一窗口"软件项目的实施出发,讲解了采用敏捷开发模式在项目中的应用实践,帮助"单一窗口"项目取得成功的案例。最后提出敏捷开发模式应在项目开发中得到更广泛的推广和应用。     

公司风险投资组合多元化与公司投资者价值创造——基于分位数回归的实证分析

文章基于沪深主板78家上市企业2000-2012期间686个企业观察样本所构成的非平衡面板数据,在控制了企业规模、年龄、资本支出、营收增长率、行业平均Q值等因素后,基于分位数回归模型检验公司风险投资组合多元化与公司投资者价值创造之间的关系以及组织冗余对两者关系的调节作用。研究发现：只有具备一定企业价值水平的公司投资者才可能通过公司风险投资来实现价值创造,并且公司风险投资组合多元化与企业价值创造之间存在复杂的“U形”关系;组织冗余对“U形”关系有积极的调节作用,但企业价值水平不同,则调节效应大小不同,实现价值创造的公司风险投资组合多元化临界值也就不同。因此,企业根据自身资源禀赋（价值水平和组织冗余）来选择差异化公司风险投资策略。     

How do managers decide on internationalization processes? The role of organizational slack and performance feedback

This study draws on the behavioral theory of the firm to the postulate relationships between organizational slack and performance aspirations, and internationalization processes. Based on longitudinal data (2000–2008) from 772 publicly listed firms in Taiwan, the findings indicate that organizational slack significantly influences the internationalization processes. Specifically, firms with high organizational slack that have performance that falls below aspirations managers are more likely to exhibit (1) a rapid pace, (2) a wider scope, and (3) an irregular rhythm in their internationalization processes. In addition, we observed an interaction effect between performance feedback and different levels of slack on the internationalization processes.     

Designing supply chains: Towards theory development

This paper describes a typology for designing supply chains that work in harmony to design, produce, and deliver products with different characteristics and customer expectations. This research discusses supply chain types that are necessary for success across three types of products: standard, innovative, and hybrid. It develops a framework for categorizing the supply chain types according to product characteristics and stage of the product life cycle. The key success factor for a product change as the product moves through its life cycle, and this may require different supply chain characteristics and capabilities. The paper blends literature and theory development with cases study research to create the typology and develop a set of research questions for further investigation.