专利当然许可的制度定位与规则重构

专利当然许可作为一种特殊的专利许可类型,肇始于英国,后为德、法等多国移植,我国《专利法修订草案（送审稿）》也将这一制度引入。提升专利信息质量和降低专利交易成本是专利当然许可的重要制度效用,但其在适用范围上的局限性则制约着制度效用的发挥。为保证当然许可制度在不同领域的有效运行,有必要根据私益主体和公益主体所资助专利技术的不同属性,构建差异化的当然许可规则。     

电子政务评价方法在中国的修正思路和模型

众多的电子政务评价方法仍不能帮助我们清楚中国各地区电子政务发展水平。本文分析了这些 方法应用于中国电子政务评价的局限,提出思路和模型对电子政务评价方法进行修正。     

专利法修改与企业创新——来自上市公司的实证研究

法律制度完善可以通过不同途径推动我国经济高质量发展,相关法律制度变革可以提升财务风险较小的企业创新产出水平。利用2009年专利法修改实施这一难得的准自然实验,通过构造双重差分模型对法律修改与企业创新的因果关系进行实证检验。结果发现,拥有较低财务风险的企业,企业创新产出数量和质量均显著提升。进一步分析表明,此次法律修改对负债规模更小、偿债能力更强、盈利能力更强、股权集中度更高的企业而言,其企业创新提升作用更显著。同时,研究结论为《中华人民共和国专利法》的第四次修改提供了法律变革层面上的经验证据,为法律修改如何影响实体经济发展提供了有价值的研究思路。     

基于购买力平价理论的人民币汇率的实证检验

购买力平价对人民币汇率虽然具有一定的解释作用,但有很大的局限性。汇率的变动不仅仅与物价水平相关,还与一国的生产力发展水平、利率、资本流动等其他经济变量以及该国施行的货币政策、财政政策和汇率政策有关。因此,必须对购买力平价计量检验模型进行修正,以期更好地解释人民币汇率的变化并指导其调整。     

南宁市机动车安全技术检测站的智能远程监控查验系统

根据公安部102号令、国家标准《机动车运行安全技术条件》（GB7258—2004）第三号修改单及公安部《机动车查验工作规程》（GA801-2008）要求,南宁市车管所于2011年5月1日对市区内所有的机动车安全技术检测站启用远程查验系统。该系统从根本上改变了对机动车的传统查验模式,进一步规范了警队执法尺度。解放了警力,提高了工作效率,实现了对机动车公平和有效的监管。     

雷斯法案修正案与欧盟木材法案比较研究及中国应对策略

通过分析美国雷斯法案修正案与欧盟木材法案的相同点与不同点,着重探讨了如何使中国木材合法性认定体系更具兼容性和可操作性,并提出制定认定标准,完善认定程序;开展木材合法性认定体系试点工作;开展能力培训及加强木材合法性认定体系中关键问题的研究等建议。     

Antidumping and Plant Closure

As an indicator of ‘material injury’ in antidumping petitions, companies often claim plant closings have been caused by unfairly‐traded imports or threaten plant closings if no relief is provided. This paper analyzes a sample of 91 companies involved in US antidumping proceedings in the 2002 to 2005 period to examine the determinants of plant closing activity with particular emphasis on the role of the antidumping process in the timing of plant closing announcements. We find that larger firms and firms in declining sectors are more likely to close plants, and that the prize of Byrd Amendment funds may help keep plants in operation (especially for smaller firms for whom these funds are likely to be more important). However, there does not appear to be a consistent and significant relationship between antidumping petitions and the timing of plant closings.     

Employee drug testing: A constitutional perspective

The proliferation of employee drug testing by federal and state governments and by private sector employers acting pursuant to governmental directives has led to a steadily growing number of lawsuits raising constitutional challenges to such testing. Most of these cases have been based on the Fourth Amendment's prohibition of unreasonable searches and seizures. In 1989, the Supreme Court addressed the constitutionality of employee drug tests for the first time in two cases,Skinner v. Railway Labor Executives' Ass'n andNational Treasury Employees Union v. Von Raab. Recognizing that urinalysis drug testing constitutes a search for Fourth Amendment purposes, the Court determined the constitutionality of the drug tests by balancing the governmental interest in the testing against the privacy interest of the employees and, in both cases, upheld the drug testing at issue. TheSkinner andVon Raab decisions provided guidelines for analyzing Fourth Amendment challenges to employee drug testing, and the lower courts are now in the process of applying and refining these guidelines. Constitutional challenges to employee drug testing programs have also been based on the due process clause and the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment and on the First Amendment's guarantee of freedom of religion. Unlike Fourth Amendment claims, however, these claims have rarely been successful.     

《立法法》修改： 理念原则、机制创新与完善建议

《立法法》再次修改是新时代立法工作的一件大事。经过全国人大常委会两次审议的《立法法（修正草案）》,贯彻落实习近平法治思想和党的二十大报告精神,对标第五次宪法修正案和法治国家建设的立法要求,科学回答了新时代新征程“为什么立”“立什么”和“怎么立”的问题,体现出坚持以习近平法治思想为指导、坚持党对立法工作的全面领导、坚持人民主体地位、坚持倡导和弘扬社会主义核心价值观、坚持改革和立法的辩证统一等理念原则,已经具备了很好的理论与实践基础。但要进一步健全立法体制、完善立法程序、提高立法效能,还需推进夯实优化科学、民主和依法立法,切实发挥人大主导立法的作用,建立高效的立法工作协调机制,建立系统的立法论证咨询机制,建立智能化的立法信息技术支撑体系。在此基础上,贯彻吸收党的二十大报告精神和最新立法成果,完善全国人大及其常委会的专属立法权,完善授权立法制度,确立设区的市的立法主体地位,完善区域协同立法工作机制,完善备案审查衔接联动机制。