Incorporating innovation subsidies in the CDM framework: empirical evidence from Belgium

ABSTRACT

This paper integrates innovation input and output effects of R&D subsidies into a modified Crépon–Duguet–Mairesse (CDM) model. Our results largely confirm insights of the input additionality literature, i.e. public subsidies complement private R&D investment. In addition, results point to positive output effects of both purely privately funded and subsidy-induced R&D. Furthermore, we do not find evidence of a premium or discount of subsidy-induced R&D in terms of its marginal contribution on new product sales when compared to purely privately financed R&D.     

CDM 20 years after

ABSTRACT

In year 1998, the seminal paper Research Innovation and Productivity: An Econometric Analysis at the Firm Level was published in this journal. The empirical framework, following on ideas in the research of Zvi Griliches at the NBER and commonly labeled CDM (the acronym of the three authors’ names, Crépon, Duguet and Mairesse) is one of the most influential contributions in recent literature on economics of innovation. The original CDM paper and papers inspired by its framework have received hundreds of citations in the empirical innovation literature. Whether directly linked or not to the CDM framework, the flow of studies improving on and enlarging the scope and methods of the empirical literature on R&D, innovation and productivity is continuing. Some of them, for example, focus on financing innovation, innovation and employment, innovation and trade, competition, or intellectual property; some adopt a managerial perspective, while others prefer an innovation system approach in a Schumpeterian tradition, etc. This introduction to the special issue of EINT surveys a collection of 12 papers on the CDM model by 25 authors from eight countries. The papers take stock of the evolution of research based on the original CDM model launched 20 years ago, linking it to the previous literature, and proposing developments and generalizations of it in various dimensions.     

浅析CDM项目涉税问题

水电是一种清洁的可再生能源,对抑制全球气候变化和促进可持续发展有着重要贡献,研究水电企业CDM项目税收问题,有利于提高项目的经济效益、增强项目的财务和经济竞争力。     

Innovativeness along the Business Cycle: The Case of Uruguay

ABSTRACT

This article analyzes the dynamics of knowledge-capital accumulation along the different stages of the business cycle within the benchmark proposed by Crépon, Duguet, and Mairesse (1998 Crépon, B., Duguet, E. &; Mairesse, J. (1998). Research, innovation, and productivity: An econometric analysis at the firm level [Working Paper n° W6696]. Cambridge, MA: NBER. Retrieved from www.nber.org/papers/w6696[Crossref] , [Google Scholar]) using a balanced panel of Uruguayan firms. Findings reveal that the intensity of innovation evolves procyclically, while the propensity of innovation and the degree of novelty embedded in innovations follow a countercyclical path. They also show that product innovations during economic recessions are only pursued by companies that are able to divert their sales to world markets; otherwise, they tend to innovate in processes. Results further suggest that productivity gains driven by knowledge-capital accumulation are magnified by systematically engaging in innovation activities.     

基于CDM机制下森林碳汇市场空间分析

在京都议定书减少温室气体排放条约中,CDM是唯一涉及到发展中国家,我国仅能采用CDM机制帮助发达国家实现减排任务,同时促进我国的可持续发展。本文基于CDM机制下分析不同减排途径下的社会经济效益,进而通过采用环境库兹涅茨曲线分析CDM机制下造林和再造林项目社会经济环境效益。通过对发达国家减排需求和我国减排项目分布情况来分析得出各种项目的减排市场空间。     

碳交易:后哥本哈根时代的中国选择

介绍了当前我国参与世界碳交易的现状,并有针对性地指出了现存问题及其背后的根本原因,在此基础上提出了建立我国碳交易体系的意见,探讨了建立过程中的具体步骤.     

Does organizational innovation moderate technical innovation directly or indirectly?

We find a divergence in the literature regarding the treatment of how organizational innovation affects innovation and performance. One point of view suggests that organizational innovation impacts performance only, while the other suggests that it impacts technical innovation and firm performance. We use the framework of Crepon-Duguet-Mairesse (CDM) to control for endogeneity; we also use two different measures for organizational innovation. Our contributions to the literature are: the CDM framework in this context is novel; prior research either did not/could not control for endogeneity whereas the CDM framework mitigates this. To discriminate between the direct and indirect approach, we implemented AIC and BIC tests. We find that for the innovation equations in all cases and regardless of which organizational innovation variable is used the direct model is preferable. In contrast, for the productivity equations, we find that in all cases the indirect model is preferable. Thus we do not have a definitive statistical test for which model is superior. Yet, it is our contention that organizational innovation is a new routine within the firm that should impact technical innovation. Furthermore, organizational design theories deduce that organizational innovation should impact technical innovation-implying that the direct model is indeed preferable.     

适用CDM的现状及对策研究

本文通过进一步介绍CDM机制，阐明实施CDM的重要性、必要性以及联合履行减排对抑制地球变暖的重要意义。通过分析当前适用CDM过程中出现的问题，提出了相应的改进措施和建议，旨在推动CDM实施。     

碳金融:我国商业银行业务创新

碳金融市场是市场机制在减少温室气体排放领域的应用,它是一切旨在节能减排的金融活动的总称,国际碳交易活跃,碳交易市场的重要性日益显现,我国面对减排责任的同时,面临着巨大的市场机遇.本文以国外银行和金融机构在碳金融领域的实践经验,探讨我国商业银行如何努力把这项业务发展为新的盈利点,并分析此过程中的制约因素和发展对策.     

基于CDM 模型的创新投入、创新产出与企业创新绩效关系研究——以医药制造业上市公司为例

文章采用2013~2015 年间145 家医药制造业上市公司的面板数据,通过构建创新过程的三阶段CDM 模型,实证检验了医药企业创新投入、创新产出及创新绩效间的关系。研究结果表明：医药企业创新投入与创新产出、创新产出与创新绩效间存在显著的正相关关系,创新投入通过知识生产过程间接作用于企业创新绩效;企业规模与创新投入间存在正相关关系,与创新绩效间存在显著的负相关关系;国有企业的创新产出低于民营企业、外资企业和其他企业。同时,企业管理水平、员工素质、固定资产等均对创新过程的不同阶段产生一定的正向作用。