树立科学发展观加速高校科技成果转化和产业化

高等学校的职能是以育人为本,教学、科研和社会服务协调发展。目前社会对高校整体科技地位的评价是：国家基础研究的主力军,应用研究的重要方面军,高科技产业化的生力军。在这样的形势和条件下,学校应该响应国家和地方政府的号召,充分发挥高校人才和成果的优势,面向国民经济建设的主战场,加速科技成果的转化,大力发展科技产业。高校从事科技成果转化和产业化要依托学科优势,提升科技创新能力,争当知识经济的火车头。     

Cocoa Production Output Response to Smallholder Price Speculation: Case Study of Cote d’Ivoire and Nigeria

The paper attempts to analyze the variation in cocoa output response to international price fluctuations in two major cocoa producing countries: Cote d’Ivoire and Nigeria. The study employs a Nerlovian price expectation technique as in Ogundari (2015), and a Panel VAR model to empirically estimate changes in cocoa output using time series and an unbalanced panel dataset covering a period from 1967 to 2009. The findings indicate and in accordance with economic theory of demand and supply, that cocoa output is an inverse function of the expected prices of competing agricultural commodities like green coffee. When there is an expected price increase of cocoa, cocoa output rises. Simultaneously, if the anticipated price of coffee rises, through a cocoa–coffee substitution mechanism, smallholder farmers shift their focus to coffee production leading to a fall in cocoa output. A Granger causality test was utilized to investigate causality between cocoa output, and cocoa and coffee prices. In the case of Cote d’Ivoire, while there is only a correlation between cocoa output and price, in the case of Nigeria there was none. In addition, the study shows no unidirectional or bidirectional causality between the intervening variables and cocoa output.     

Differences matter: The effect of coup types on physical integrity rights

What is the effect of coups d’état on repression? Do ‘bad’ coups against democracies decrease respect for physical integrity rights? Does it make a difference whether a coup d’état is staged by the military or a civilian leader? We argue that the impact of coups on repression varies with regime type as this determines the relative costs of repression and buying political support. Combining updated panel datasets on democracy and coups d’état from 1960 to 2010, we provide an analysis of the effects of coups on physical integrity rights, differentiating post-coup regime type. We find that post-coup respect for physical integrity rights decreases when non-democratic regimes depose democratic regimes through a coup d’état - an effect which is fading over time. As opposed to military autocracies, civilian-led regimes are more repressive in the year after successfully ousting the previous government. Together with supplementary findings on democracy-inducing and failed coups, our findings show that differences in regime types do matter in research of coups d’état.     

The great trade collapse and Indian firms

The collapse in global trade during the 2008–09 crisis has been widely studied using the developed nation(s) data. I use firm‐level data from Indian manufacturers to show that: (a) Indian firms experience strong negative demand shocks concerning their exports to the USA and the EU, the effect being significantly higher in case of the USA. Results assert that 1% increase in the exposure towards the crisis‐affected zones (the USA and the EU combined) reduces an average Indian manufacturing firm's export earnings by 1.17%–1.36%; (b) trade in consumer non‐durables and durables are the two most affected sectors, impact being higher for the latter; (c) evidence in support of similar effects throughout the size distribution of firms, with the effect being highest for small or the most vulnerable firms; (d) drop in demand, as a result of the 2008–09 crisis, only affects the high‐exposure industries. My results are robust to IV analysis and a variety of checks.     

The chosen fortunate in the urbanization process in China? Evidence from a geographic regression discontinuity study

After decades of delayed urbanization, since 1998, China has implemented the “county‐to‐district” policy to promote urbanization and stimulate regional economic development. This policy was designed to expand the urban area of large cities by merging counties (rural areas) with nearby cities (urban areas). Intuitively, these regions are the “chosen fortunate” since they are the privileged beneficiaries of this policy experiment. However, at the time of writing (2018), recent studies have been inconsistent regarding this issue, and several studies have revealed that this policy has impeded regional growth. Therefore, the true effect of this policy must be carefully examined. Using grid‐level nighttime light data and a border‐based regression discontinuity design framework, we find that the average effect of the “county‐to‐district” policy on nighttime light growth is significant and positive, and this result also coincides with the increase of entry and decrease of exit of manufacturing enterprises, and the increase of the county‐level manufacturing employment. However, the policy effect on nighttime light turns to be negative in the long run, implying that short‐term economic growth may outweigh the long‐term economic growth potential. A further investigation of the underlying mechanism indicates that industrial enterprises in the experimental policy area do not perform better in terms of total factor productivity (TFP) and profit margin than their counterparts. Moreover, this policy aggravates the polarization between central and border areas.     

Understanding the determinants of the magnitude of entity-level risk and account-level risk key audit matters: The case of the United Kingdom

This study was conducted to analyse the influence of auditor and client characteristics on the magnitude and type of key audit matters (KAM) disclosed in the audit reports of the FTSE 100 companies in the UK during the period 2013–2016. A recently introduced standard requires auditors to reveal the main risks faced by the client and to describe how these are addressed in the audit. Our results show that Deloitte, EY and KPMG tend to report fewer entity-level-risk KAM (ELRKAM) than PwC, while KPMG and BDO report fewer account-level-risk KAM (ALRKAM) than PwC. In general, auditors of companies that pay higher audit services fees present more ELRKAM and fewer ALRKAM. Our findings also show that client characteristics are relevant to the number and type of KAM included in the audit report. Our results show that auditor and client characteristics are determinants of the number of KAM disclosed and, moreover, determine the type of KAM disclosed in the audit reports.     

粮油食品行业中高新技术的应用

随着我国现代化进程的不断加快,不管是工业还是农业都呈现出了一种突出的现代化发展特点。其中粮食产业现代化的实现,其关键还要在于依靠新技术去推动在传统技术改造过程中高新技术研究成果作用的高效发挥,这在很大程度上也直接反映了当前粮食食品系统的经济状况及技术水平。因此,加大对粮油食品行业中高新技术的应用研究也势在必行。基于此,本文就诊当前粮油食品行业中应用比较广泛的几种高新技术进行了简要的介绍和说明。     

ON OPTIMAL INVESTMENT FOR A BEHAVIORAL INVESTOR IN MULTIPERIOD INCOMPLETE MARKET MODELS

We study the optimal investment problem for a behavioral investor in an incomplete discrete‐time multiperiod financial market model. For the first time in the literature, we provide easily verifiable and interpretable conditions for well‐posedness. Under two different sets of assumptions, we also establish the existence of optimal strategies.     

用Maya中的表达式功能生成随机自动动画

目的:说明在三维动画制作软件Maya中如何用表达式功能生成随机自动动画;方法:先分析了表达式功能的特点,然后用几个典型的示例说明表达式的动画应用;结果:说明了表达式应用过程中的几个问题;结论:通过几个自动动画示例的代码分析,说明表达式对于生成随机自动动画是可行的,有助于动画师增加动画效果,节省动画制作时间。