注册会计师对第三人民事责任的理论研究

注册会计师对第三人民事责任是侵权领域的一个特殊问题,必须紧紧围绕注册会计师行业和社会公众的利益平衡,在侵权法的框架下重建注册会计师对第三人民事责任的基本归责原则,创建与第三人范围相对应的民事责任具体归责原则,确立比例责任为注册会计师民事责任的基本赔偿制度,构筑独立鉴定人名册制度、随机选任制度和鉴定人出庭作证制度合一的专家鉴定制度。     

中国的灾害损失与保险业的发展

中国每年的灾害损失相当严重,而灾害损失补偿结构不尽合理,尤其是在世界各国中补偿比例相当高的商业保险补偿在中国并没有发挥其应有的作用。中国商业保险在灾害损失补偿中缺位的表现形式及其原因多样,但采取相关措施可促进中国商业保险业的进一步发展。     

Effort or timing: The effect of lump-sum bonuses

This article addresses the question of whether lump-sum bonuses motivate salespeople to work harder to attain incremental orders or whether they induce salespeople to play timing games (behaviors that increase incentive payments without providing incremental benefits to the firm) with their order submissions. We find that lump-sum bonuses primarily motivate salespeople to work harder—a result that is consistent with the widespread use of bonuses in practice, but that contradicts earlier empirical work in academics.

Getting bang for your buck: the specificity of compensation and benefits information in job advertisements*

Even though some organizations are trying to attract high-level applicants through offering superior compensation and benefits, reward statements in job advertisements are sometimes rather general and vague. On the basis of person-environment fit theories, we examine whether providing more specific information on attractive reward packages in job advertisements leads to higher perceived person-reward fit and subsequent job pursuit intentions. Furthermore, based on signaling theory, we propose that person-reward fit allows job seekers to make inferences about broader person-organization fit. Applying an online experimental design among 283 experienced potential applicants, we find that more specific compensation and benefits information results in higher job pursuit intentions and that this relationship is fully mediated by person-reward fit perceptions. In turn, the effect of person-reward fit is partially mediated by perceptions of person-organization fit, indicating that people might use reward information as signals for other organizational attributes in early stages of recruitment.     

产品责任损害赔偿问题思考

在因产品缺陷而引起的人身和财产损害案件频发的今天，必须强化产品责任损害赔偿法律制度，以充分体现对消费者合法权益予以切实保护的立法目的。我国产品责任法应当明确精神损害赔偿，建立惩罚性损害赔偿制度。     

Accounting fundamentals and CEO bonus compensation

Research indicates that there is a positive association between accounting earnings and chief executive officer (CEO) cash compensation; however, evidence also suggests that this positive association ceases to exist when earnings performance is poor or declining. This latter result has led some critics of corporate compensation policies to conclude that CEOs are not penalized for poor or declining firm performance. The purpose of this study is to further illuminate the pay-performance debate by expanding the traditional executive bonus compensation model to include a set of accounting fundamentals that prior research indicates are related to both current and future firm performance. Our results indicate that there is a highly significant relationship between accounting fundamentals and the level of and change in CEO bonus compensation. Moreover, we find a highly significant relationship between accounting fundamentals and both bonus omissions and bonus reductions. When earnings are negative or declining, we find that the above relationships remain intact. In contrast, when earnings are negative or declining, we find that the relationship between aggregate earnings and bonus compensation is weak or insignificant in most of our analyses. Taken together, our results suggest that the apparently weak relationship between accounting earnings and CEO bonus compensation (particularly when earnings are negative or declining) is partly due to the fact that the bonus compensation model excludes accounting fundamentals which are strongly associated with bonus compensation. Thus, we conclude that (i) bonus compensation is more closely tied to firm performance than critics sometimes claim and (ii) bonus compensation awarded to CEOs when earnings performance is poor is at least partially explained by the presence of favorable accounting fundamentals.     

Determinants of the levels and changes in non‐executive director compensation

This study examines the economic and director‐specific determinants of non‐executive director (NED) compensation in the Australian setting. We find that NED compensation is associated with firm size, complexity, growth, risk and liquidity. It is also associated with director reputation, experience, connectedness and the directors' involvement with the firm. The additional compensation paid to the chairperson is positively associated with their prior experience and negatively associated with NED reputation and involvement. We find inconclusive evidence on the association between changes in NED compensation and firm performance.     

垃圾处理地域的生态补偿——以北京市为例

分析了当前城市垃圾处理设施面临的人口规模膨胀、土地空间有限、处理设施紧缺、影响社会局部稳定等突出问题;认为实施垃圾处理生态补偿是妥善处理并努力解决这些问题的关键;从北京市经济、社会、环境的角度分析生态补偿的模式。     

农村金融风险分担与补偿机制设置

中国农村金融发展过程中所积聚的农村金融风险正日益影响农村经济、金融发展的速度和质量,同时加剧了农村经济区域发展的不平衡。而中国农村金融风险表现出农村金融体系较高程度的脆弱性以及农村金融对农村经济风险的易感性。中国建立适应农村金融体系的风险分担与补偿长效机制,已经存在一定的现实基础。     

Fixed-rent contracts and investment incentives. A comparative analysis of English tenant right

This article stresses that tenants are more motivated to improve the holding when they have formal property rights over their improvements. In this case, however, their rights over the improvements usually come into conflict with the landlords' rights over the land. Through a comparison with what happened elsewhere in Europe, the article analyses the attempts to delineate and ensure both rights in nineteenth-century England. No wholly satisfactory solution was found to the problem and the article concludes that this is one of the reasons explaining the poor performance of English agriculture in the early twentieth century.