OEM方式对中国外贸发展的影响

随着经济全球化的发展，加工贸易在我国对外贸易中所占的比重越来越大，对我国外贸的发展也起着越来越举足轻重的作用。本文通过分析OEM方式对我国生产企业的影响来阐述其对中国对外贸易发展的影响，并提出对加工贸易的看法。     

106例药品不良反应报告分析

目的：探讨患者发生药品不良反应（ADR）的特点,加强ADR监测,促进临床合理用药。方法收集惠州市中医医院2014年通过广东省药品不良反应管理平台报告ADR监测网的106例ADR报告,对患者的年龄、性别、给药途径、药物联用情况、ADR累及器官或系统及临床表现等方面进行分类统计和分析。结果106例ADR报告中,患者年龄最小3岁,最大85岁,其中以大于50岁的患者居多,共57例,占53.7%;发生ADR患者的主要给药途径为静脉滴注;涉及药品共9类,以使用抗感染药品出现ADR最多见,中药制剂次之;两药联用最多见,占51.9%;主要以皮肤及其附件损伤为主,共27例,占25.5%;消化系统、神经系统次之;治疗后56例患者治愈,50例好转。结论由于ADR的发生与多种因素相关,存在一定的不可预见性,因此临床需提高对ADR的重视程度,加强对ADR的监测与报告,减少ADR的发生,保障临床用药安全。     

Strategic groups in the hospitality industry: Intergroup and intragroup performance differences in Alicante, Spain

The hotel sector is currently immersed in a very uncertain, highly competitive environment, due to which it needs information for the correct management of its establishments. This information can be obtained from the classification of hotels in strategic groups. The present empirical research presents strategic groups in the hospitality industry as a useful tool for the planning and implementation of strategies by hotels that helps to determine their competitive strategies and advantages. This research paper additionally shows how the levels of performance between the hotels belonging to each group can be evaluated from strategic groups. In this study, the tool is applied to the hotel sector of the Spanish province of Alicante, a very important geographical area in the context of international tourism. The dimensions resource commitment and tourist activity scope have been used to define the strategic groups.     

中国—东盟关税同盟区的贸易效应分析

东盟的未来取决于和中国经济一体化的程度,这是一个不争的事实。本文通过一般均衡分析模型、贸易创造和贸易转移模型、竞争效应模型、规模经济效应模型对中国东盟关税同盟区的贸易效应进行了前瞻性的分析和探索,旨在为加深中国东盟经济一体化进程提供理论上的支持。     

基于比较优势四个来源的新钻石框架及其政策含义——兼论波特模型的解释困难

本文说明了相对于比较优势理论而言国家竞争优势理论的若干解释困难,重点阐述了存在于钻石模型四个要素中的矛盾和问题。通过对生产要素概念的扩展、让技术作为第四要素正式加入要素体系,建立了以自然资源、劳动力、资本和技术四项生产要素为支点的新钻石框架,力图解释国家竞争力的产生和强化机制及其与生产率提高和政府作用的直接关系。最后,结合我国经济的增长,讨论了针对新钻石框架四个支点的国家职能和政策含义。     

如何将服务贸易的比较优势转化为竞争优势

服务贸易不同于货物贸易,服务贸易的比较优势、竞争优势也与货物贸易不同。服务贸易具有不可分离性、不可触知性、不可储存性等特点。服务贸易比较优势主要是以人力资本为基础。企业的长期发展,必须将比较优势转化为竞争优势。要加快国内服务业发展,进一步开放服务贸易市场,优化和升级我国国际服务贸易结构,提高整体竞争力。     

中国在世界纺织品服装贸易结构中的地位探讨

在介绍世界纺织品服装贸易结构的基础上,主要研究了近几年中国纺织品服装出口的特点,并且利用贸易表现指数对中国纺织品服装贸易在世界纺织品服装贸易结构中的地位进行了分析。研究表明中国纺织品服装出口贸易仍具有较强的竞争力。     

Validating new product creativity in the eastern context of Malaysia

This paper examines the etic vs. emic nature of the new product creativity (NPC) construct often used in the strategic marketing and management literatures. The current study compares the NPC measure developed by Im and Workman (2004) in the West in an Eastern context by utilizing data from 172 Malaysian companies. The results show that NPC, which is the combination of new product (NP) novelty and NP meaningfulness, has a different connotation in Malaysia. The findings demonstrate that from the novelty perspective NPC is an emic phenomenon. After the construct validation process, the Western claim that NPC is a seed of firm performance is tested. The results verify NPC's relationship with NP performance as a source of competitive advantage for Malaysian firms and thus suggest that this relationship is etic in nature. These findings have significant implications for firms' global innovation strategies.     

Country of origin: A competitive advantage?

Country of origin has been identified in the literature as an important cue that might be used by global marketers to influence consumers' valuation of the brand. Its effect on consumer perceptions, affect and behavioral intentions has been widely documented, based on consumer surveys and laboratory experiments. Despite this empirical evidence, we argue that country of origin is only one extrinsic cue among many extrinsic and intrinsic cues available to the consumer in a real purchase situation. Furthermore, in real life, consumers are likely to engage in some level of information search, which would further dilute the country of origin effect in the marketplace. Based on these arguments, we conclude that country of origin might not necessarily lead to a competitive (dis)advantage in terms of a price premium or discount. For a sample of products, we show that the objective product quality varies significantly by country of origin, and that these differences are consistent with extant research on country of origin effects on consumers' perceptions. After controlling for quality differences across brands, we demonstrate that marketers from different countries charge prices that are justified by differences in product quality. Price premiums or discounts are therefore explained by differences in product quality rather than the image effect produced by the country of origin cue.     

关注社会责任标准(体系) 提升企业竞争力

"中国制造"的增加,SA 8000,ISO 26000等社会责任标准(体系)越来越受到关注,这些都直接或间接的对中国企业尤其是劳动密集型企业带来影响。本文正是基于这样的背景下,介绍了社会责任的概念,并阐述了企业关注社会责任标准的现实意义