普惠金融视角下农村国债市场发展研究--基于对河南省平顶山市农村国债发行情况的调查与分析

被誉为“金边债券”的国债相对于其他金融理财产品,具有安全性高、流动性强、收益稳定、投资起点低等优点,对拓展农民投资渠道、提高农民收入具有积极意义。但目前国债发行市场城乡发展不平衡,主要集中于城市,农村地区国债市场缺位、发行量相对较少,与农村地区国债购买意愿、购买力不相匹配,出现严重的供求矛盾,不利于国债市场的长期健康、稳定发展。因此,研究解决农村居民“购债难”问题,让更多农民充分享受国家惠民政策带来的温暖,具有重要的现实意义。     

Public debt management and private financial development

In several developing countries, high and rising public debt is an important source of vulnerability. Strengthening debt management is a priority, but its effects on domestic economies have been hardly analyzed. This paper asks whether better public debt management could have spillover effects on the private sector, leading to more (and more stable) private capital flows and domestic credit. This is a relevant question in a context of financial deepening and increasing private capital inflows, which could be prone to episodes of bonanza, sudden stops and crises. Our results, based on a sample of developing countries, show positive spillover effects from better public debt management to private capital inflows and domestic financial deepening.     

债务融资结构与产品市场竞争决策研究

资本结构的产品市场竞争理论认为,在特定竞争模型下债务融资结构能够反映企业的产品市场竞争策略,并认为短期债务增加加剧了产品市场竞争,长期债务缓和产品市场竞争。进一步的实证分析得到短期债务融资与产品市场竞争程度是显著负相关的,长期债务融资与产品市场竞争程度是显著正相关的,能够支持产品市场竞争理论。同时,数据分析发现,企业规模小、资产利用效率高和收益好也是促使企业采取激进竞争手段的影响因素。     

政府控制、终极控制人与上市公司债务期限结构

本文在代理理论框架下,基于我国政府干预的制度背景,以2004-2006年A股上市公司为样本研究了终极控制人与其所控制的上市公司债务期限结构选择的关系.实证检验结果表明:国有企业性质的终极控制人所控制的上市公司长期负债比例偏高.进一步区分不同行政级别的政府终极控制人进行回归,发现政府终极控制人的行政级别越低,企业长期债务比例越高.另外,通过对不同控股方式的样本公司分别进行回归分析的结果表明,在终极控制人通过复杂组织结构方式间接控制的上市公司中,终极控制人的不同产权性质及不同行政级别对上市公司长期债务选择的影响更加显著.上述研究发现,为认识政府控制和干预对企业财务决策的影响提供了更深入的证据,进而为厘清中国转轨经济进程中的政企关系提供了新的补充证据,并对理解不同组织结构方式的上市公司债务期限结构的差异性提供了一个新的视角.     

上市公司债务融资短期化成因与治理方略

短期债务具有流动性好、财务灵活性强、名义利率低等一系列优势,但过量短期债务的使用会给企业带来较大的财务风险。鉴于我国上市公司债务融资存在的严重短期化现象,应针对这种短期化债务融资的弊端与成因,提出改变不良状况的学术见解和解决问题的方略。     

加大利用政府外债工作力度 促进新疆经济社会发展

近几年,新疆政府外债管理工作取得了一定成效,对新疆的经济社会发展起到了积极的促进作用,特别是对能源工业、交通、通信、农业、城市基础设施等领域的发展作用巨大。但同时也存在利用外债缺少规划、项目执行力度不够、还贷意识不强等突出问题。本文在此基础上提出了"十二五"期间新疆加大政府外债管理工作的总体思路,即以推动科学发展为主题,以加快转变发展方式为主线,适应新疆大开发、大发展、大建设的需要,稳步扩大利用国际金融组织贷赠款和外国政府贷款规模,逐步拓宽工作领域,有序开展非主权业务合作,加大知识合作力度,深化区域合作,加强在建项目管理,重视自身能力建设,充分发挥政府外债的宏观调控功能。     

Debt markets and corporate debt structure in an emerging market: The South African example

This is a first attempt at gauging the effects of corporate public debt issuance on the debt structure, risk profile and valuation of firms in an emerging market. We find that financial services firms, along with government institutions, are important early supporters of an organized public debt market. Firms in this market use equity, public debt and private debt funds simultaneously as need be. Consistent with predictions of the corporate debt structure literature, public debt-issuing firms are larger, older, more profitable, and less informational opaque than non-public debt-issuing firms. Moreover, public debt-issuing firms experience significant reductions in both overall and systematic risks, and incur lower cost of capital following issuance than non-public debt issuers. These and other findings of the study suggest deepening national debt markets can be a fruitful financial market development exercise for emerging markets.     

中国养老金隐性债务规模估算

随着我国养老保险体制的转轨,现收现付制下形成的隐性债务开始显性化,形成了庞大的统筹资金缺口.而解决养老金隐性债务的基本前提是要准确测算债务规模.本文在分析隐性债务来源的基础上,将我国参保职工分为五类,采取个体成本法精算出2008年初的养老金隐性债务规模.     

我国医药产业融资模式、问题与对策——基于全国57家医药上市企业的分析

资金匮乏已成为制约我国医药产业发展壮大的一个重要因素。本文基于对我国57家医药上市公司融资状况的分析发现,2007年我国医药企业的平均融资总额在23亿元左右。从融资结构来看,股权融资已成为医药企业融资的重要方式;从融资期限来看,医药企业以短期债务融资为主,在对医药产业融资存在问题进行分析的基础上,我们认为应该通过以下方面来促进我国医药产业的融资发展：建立多元化的融资渠道,降低企业融资成本;改变医药企业的短期融资倾向,鼓励发行中长期公司债券;通过产权市场来促进医药企业融资;加大对基础研究方面的投入．设立医药风险投资机构和风险投资基全。     

Financial leverage changes associated with corporate mergers

We empirically examine whether firms increase financial leverage following mergers. Firms could increase financial leverage either because of an increase in debt capacity or because of unused debt capacity from pre-merger years. We find that financial leverage of combined firms increases significantly following mergers. A cross-sectional analysis shows that the change in financial leverage around mergers is significantly positively correlated with the announcement period market-adjusted returns. Further tests indicate that the increase in financial leverage is an outcome of an increase in debt capacity, although there is weak evidence that some of the increase in financial leverage is a result of past unused debt capacity.