“一带一路”沿线国家投资便利化:水平、挑战与对策--基于熵值法的测度分析

"一带一路"沿线国家市场需求和发展潜力巨大,提升其投资便利化水平对于我国扩大对沿线国家直接投资规模和提升投资质量意义重大。本文基于沿线国家的特点,选取基础设施、制度环境、金融市场、劳动力市场4项一级指标和20项二级指标系统地构建投资便利化水平测度体系,并运用熵值法测度"一带一路"沿线国家2014年-2018年的投资便利化水平,发现沿线国家投资便利化水平呈逐年上升态势,但差异大,区域不平衡性显著,且投资便利化水平与经济发达程度呈正相关关系。在此基础上,结合当前中国对沿线国家开展直接投资所面临的挑战,提出中国与沿线各国应加强合作,共同推进基础设施建设,维护透明高效的制度环境,深化双边金融合作,积极发展本国劳动力市场等对策建议。     

中国装备制造业产业结构调整中外资修复作用的实证研究

在构建外资和产业结构偏离度模型的基础上,采用动态GMM估计方法分析外资对中国装备制造业产业结构调整的修复作用。结果表明,外资对中国装备制造业整体上具有短期和长期修复失调的作用;外资对中国装备制造业内部结构效应存在异质性。政府在制定外资引进政策时,应该考虑行业的人力资本禀赋因素,将其引进人力资本较高的资本密集型装备制造业,充分发挥外资对产业结构失调修复结构效应和要素间的耦合作用。     

制造业产业集聚如何影响生态环境

以产业集聚外部性效应为视角,利用2010-2016年天津市南港工业园、逸仙科学工业园、现代产业园与微电子工业园4个制造业产业园区面板数据,实证分析产业集聚与生态环境的双重效应关系,揭示其内在作用机制。结果表明：制造业产业集聚对生态环境存在正负两种外部性效应,具体作用取决于绿色技术创新与外商直接投资两个中介变量。当产业集聚水平较低时,绿色技术创新在制造业产业集聚对生态环境的影响关系中作用不明显。外商直接投资在制造业产业集聚与生态环境关系中起中介作用,即制造业产业集聚会加大外商直接投资规模,对生态环境产生消极影响;当产业集聚水平较高时,绿色技术创新在制造业产业集聚与生态环境的关系中起中介作用,即制造业产业集聚提高了绿色技术创新水平,对生态环境具有积极影响。外商直接投资在制造业产业集聚与生态环境关系中的作用不显著。     

Foreign Direct Investment in China: Determinants and Effects

This paper attempts to assess the determinants of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in China and its effects on the whole economy. After presenting the main theoretical contributions and the previous works done about China’s inward-FDI, an empirical study has been implemented extending the previous ones with a different data set (more recent) and with different methodologies. The traditional determinants of FDI seem to be relevant for China: domestic market size, cost advantages and openness to the rest of the world. Concerning the consequences of FDI on the Chinese economy, our empirical evidence supports the view that FDI affects China’s growth through the diffusion of ideas. Through the introduction of new ideas, multinational firms develop technical progress and hence long-run economic growth. The transmission of ideas seems to have had a positive effect on the Chinese growth. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

The core of the inductive limit of a direct system of economies with a communication structure

This paper studies direct systems of finite, that is with finitely many agents, communication structures, finite (balanced and superadditive) NTU games and finite economies. The inductive limit of such a system is again a communication structure, an NTU game or an economy, this time possibly with infinitely many agents. As a matter of fact, each infinite communication structure, each infinite NTU game and each infinite economy, is the inductive limit of a direct system of finite communication structures, finite NTU games and finite economies. A communication game is an NTU game with a communication structure on the set of players. To each economy, there corresponds a balanced and superadditive NTU game. To each economy with a communication structure on the set of agents, there corresponds a communication game. In the paper it is proved that the core of the inductive limit of a direct system of communication games is not empty and in fact the intersection of the cores of the finite communication games of the direct system. It follows that each infinite economy (with or without a communication structure on the set of agents) has a nonempty core. A direct system of economies is a generalisation of the Debreu and Scarf [Debreu, G., Scarf, H. A limit theorem on the core of an economy, International Economic Review 4, pp. 235–246.] example of `replica economies'. The proof of the nonemptiness of the core of the inductive limit of a direct system of economies is along the lines of the proof by Debreu and Scarf. As by-product it is shown that an NTU game is totally balanced if and only if all its finite subgames are balanced.     

基于软件无线电的中频数字化直扩系统的设计与实现

本文根据直接序列扩频原理,给出了一种基于软件无线电思想的中频数字化直扩系统的设计方案,并采用可编程数字器件实现。实验结果表明该方法达到了设计要求,并具有良好的通用性和灵活性。     

基于库存理论的铁路始发直达运输产品设计

将库存理论运用到铁路始发直达运输产品设计,能够有效实现运输服务组织成本与库存成本的有机统一。为实现库存成本在铁路始发直达运输中的加载,在考虑周期非完整情况下的库存成本的同时,将铁路运输和库存成本纳入同一目标函数,在装卸车地库存能力约束下,构建基于库存理论的铁路始发直达运输产品设计模型,确定成本最小的铁路始发直达运输产品设计方案。以赤峰地区至山东省煤炭运输网络为例,设计方案有效降低了成本,有助于吸引客户选择铁路运输,以及辅助铁路运营单位研究调整始发直达运输产品方案。     

中国金融发展的产业结构优化效应研究

本文鉴于我国经济面临结构调整的新形势,从我国以银行信贷为主的间接融资和以股票市场为主的直接融资角度,分析金融发展对产业结构优化的影响.研究结果显示:目前我国银行信贷对产业结构优化有一定的促进作用,但是股票市场对产业结构优化的作用不明显,且金融发展不是产业结构优化的Granger原因.最后本文认为应从加大直接融资力度、推动金融体制改革、优化出口产品结构等方面促进产业结构优化.     

An analysis of the reasons for the asymmetries surrounding earnings benchmarks

Several studies report an asymmetry in the distribution of earnings around specified benchmarks. However, doubt has arisen over whether the observed ‘kink’ in the distribution of earnings is solely caused by earnings management. We use a ratio analysis approach to examine a range of specific accruals for evidence of earnings management. We find little evidence that firms immediately above the benchmark have abnormal receivables, inventories or provisions. However, they do increase cash‐from‐customers and reduce inventory. Thus, our results support the recent research that suggests that firms engage in real actions to meet earnings benchmarks.     

The Impact of Foreign Direct Investments (FDIs) from Market Economies to Centrally Planned Countries

Despite the recent economic slump and subsequent reductions and fluctuations of investment ­activities undertaken by multinational enterprises (MNEs) in host markets, the overall volume of foreign direct investment (FDI) has significantly grown over the past three decades. The major proportion of the FDI flows from market economies to centrally planned countries, with the latter currently receiving huge amounts of inward FDI from the West. A representative example of this flow is China. China is often referred to as the factory of the world and/or the black hole of inward FDI. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.