Spillovers from foreign direct investment and firm growth: technological,financial and market structure effects

This article examines spillover effects from inward investment on domestic firm growth in the case of a developed host country. The emphasis is placed on the role of the technological gap between domestic and foreign firms in identifying the importance of technology diffusion from the presence of multinationals. An augmented production function is employed to account for technological, financial and market structure effects. Based on a sample of 2589 manufacturing firms operating in Greece between 1992 and 1997, the analysis provides evidence that the significance of spillovers varies with the relative technological position of domestic firms and is higher in the middle and upper quantiles of the growth distribution. It was estimated that a unit increase in the foreign presence in Greek industry raises output growth by 7% on average, in a five‐year period, after controlling for technological differences among firms. This result is consistent with the ‘absorptive capacity’ hypothesis that the technological capability of the host country relates positively to FDI spillover benefits.     

DS扩频信号数字解扩的工程实现途径

本文扼要概述直接序列扩频信号的解扩方法，着重介绍数字解扩的基本原理及其在工程上实现的途径，通过对模拟处理器件和数字处理器件的比较，指出数字处理器件具有很大的潜力和广阔的应用前景。     

一种基于WLAN零中频CMOS混频器的设计

本文提出了一种应用于无线局域网(WLAN)的2.4GHz的零中频下变频混频器的设计方案,采用中芯国际5层金属0.25μm的CMOS工艺制作完成。测试和仿真结果表明,该混频器增益为-1.2dB,IIP3为-11.1dB,其单边带噪声NF为7dB。文中对混频器的噪声进行了简单的分析,提出了一种解决直流溃通的方法。     

中国跨国公司员工外派管理探析

本文首先对中国企业FDI现状进行分析,发现中国企业处于较低的国际化发展阶段,使得员工外派成为企业人员配置的必然选择。其次,本文对中国企业员工外派管理现状进行分析,发现中国企业缺乏国际性人才、外派人员薪资缺乏公平性以及外派效果不良等成为中国企业国际化经营瓶颈。最后,本文提出了中国跨国公司员工外派管理对策建议。     

国际粮食价格是如何影响中国粮食价格的

在经济全球化背景下,我国国内粮食价格与国际粮食价格的关联性在不断增强。本文以1997年4月至Z012年3月国际国内粮食价格数据为样本,借助协整分析和VEC模型得知国际国内粮价存在长期稳定的同向波动关系,相对于国际整体粮价、大米、大豆、玉米和小麦波动1％,国内对应品种的粮价分别波动0．614％、0．413％、0．849％、0．576％和0．362％。整体上国际国内粮价存在1～5个月的传导时滞。贸易传导和信息诱发是国际粮价影响国内粮价的两种基本方式,当前国际价格首先借助贸易或汇率渠道的直接传导影响国内大豆价格,其后国内大豆价格借助替代效应等信息诱发渠道影响其他品种和整体粮价波动。从上述结论出发可以引申出对我国构建粮价预警机制、实现粮食安全目标的若干政策建议。     

近20年来台湾对大陆直接投资的空间格局演化

在台湾对大陆直接投资的时间序列演变与东西部差异分析的基础上,运用Moran指数及Getis-Ord Gi方法,进一步对1991年以来台商直接投资(以下简称TDI)在大陆的空间格局演化进行研究。结论表明:①TDI在大陆分布表现出明显的东西差异,同时表现出沿海向内陆地区不断扩散、转移的趋势;②TDI的空间分布存在显著的空间相关性,在大陆存在明显的空间集聚,但这一集聚趋势逐渐减弱;③TDI的空间格局存在明显"圈层结构",冷热点区域波动变化,热点区域近20年不断向北扩展,但环渤海地区至今仍未成为台商投资的热点区域。     

外国直接投资技术外溢理论研究综述

外国直接投资技术外溢是外国直接投资内含的人力资本、研发、管理经验等无形资本的非自愿性扩散。本文以时间为线索,概括叙述了20世纪60年代到90年代外国直接投资技术外溢理论的研究方法及主要观点,重点分析了21世纪以来外国直接投资技术外溢理论的最新研究进展,并客观评估了我国“以市场换技术”的战略效应,得出了几点启示。     

对外直接投资提高了中国经济增长质量吗

中国企业对外直接投资是否有利于促进经济增长质量的提升,已成为中国学者及政策制定者迫切需要深入研究的命题。本文利用2009—2013年的省级数据和工业企业数据,采用倾向得分匹配法,分别从地区和企业两个维度实证考察了对外直接投资对经济增长质量的影响效应,研究发现:(1)总体上,对外直接投资能够有效促进经济增长质量水平的提升;考虑控制变量后,对外直接投资仅对经济增长效率产生抑制作用;(2)相较于未实施对外投资的企业,对外投资企业对自身经济增长质量具有显著的正向效应;(3)考虑到企业异质性特征后,不论企业的投资深度如何,向发达国家进行的投资行为都更有利于提高企业的经济增长质量。以上这些发现不仅为全面理解中国企业的对外直接投资行为提供了经验证据,也为中国发展“质量型”经济提供了有现实意义的参考依据。     

On the economic and social benefits of direct selling

The labor market has long included individuals seeking nonemployee, alternative work arrangements. Now, alternative work arrangements such as freelancing, independent contracting, and temporary contracts have entered the lexicon through the following terminology: the gig economy, the sharing economy, the YouEconomy, agile workforce, and contingent workers. There are currently an estimated 18.6 million independent contractors engaged in direct selling. This article reports the first attempt to empirically investigate and document both the economic and social impacts of direct selling in the U.S. Our findings suggest that direct selling has a consequential impact on the U.S. economy and that the direct selling experience fosters a variety of skills that benefit professional activities as well as the personal lives of millions of independent workers.     

A tale of two countries: Directed technical change,trade and migratory movements

We propose a North-South model that reconciles trade and production strategies, flows of innovators and the path of economic divergence, or convergence, between countries. We explain the mechanisms behind these forces and show how the technological and economic gaps can be reversed if southern countries stop imitating northern goods and, instead, produce complementary goods. Such a strategy of complementarity on production yields the necessary incentives to innovators to engage in research in southern countries, which enhances the catching-up process between countries. It is also shown that migratory movements of unskilled labor between countries are also relevant to understand the dangers and benefits of different trade strategies for economic growth. This paper suggests a positive (negative) correlation between technological innovation in the North (South) and the level of substitutability in production, while under complementarity, technological innovation catches up in the South, therefore fostering the economic catching up process. A positive correlation between inflows of skilled and unskilled labor and substitutability of production between countries is also verified.