The impacts of international tourism demand on economic growth of small economies dependent on tourism

This paper studies the impacts on economic growth of a small tourism-driven economy caused by an increase in the growth rate of international tourism demand. We present a formal model and empirical evidence. The ingredients of the dynamic model are a large population of intertemporally optimizing agents and an AK technology representing tourism production. The model shows that an increase in the growth of tourism demand leads to transitional dynamics with gradually increasing economic growth and increasing terms of trade. In our empirical application, an econometric methodology is applied to annual data of Antigua and Barbuda from 1970 to 2008. We perform a cointegration analysis to look for the existence of a long-run relationship among variables of economic growth, international tourism earnings and the real exchange rate. The exercise confirms the theoretical findings.     

中国省域森林公园技术效率测算与分析

文章借助数据包络分析方法（DEA）,利用2003～2008年的数据,对我国森林公园发展的效率进行研究,为我国森林公园旅游资源的优化配置和运行效率的提高提供参考依据,并测算了31个省区的技术效率、纯技术效率和规模效率,比较了它们之间的差异。结果显示,从全国来看,森林公园的技术效率较高;从个体来看,不同省区森林公园的技术效率存在较大的差异,上海、浙江、广西、广东等省区的技术效率较高;宁夏、内蒙古、安徽等省区的技术效率较低。通过优化投入规模与结构、人员培训等措施能够在一定程度上提高我国森林公园整体的技术效率。     

浅谈经济利润对企业绩效的评价

在现实生活中,企业的经营目标是多元化的,而利润是最具有代表性的,它对企业经营绩效和决策的评价有着重要影响。本文从经济学的角度比较会计利润和经济利润对企业经营绩效和决策的评价。     

2006年日本经济问题研究综述

对日本经济研究的文献近年来呈不断萎缩趋势。本研究通过综述发表于2006年的659篇关于日本经济的核心期刊论文,回答了"谁在研究日本经济、研究的主要内容、怎样研究"等3个主要问题。可以发现,国内学者的研究兴趣不但取决于日本经济状况,还受中国国内的热点经济问题影响。     

农业科技园区持续创新优势的集群分析

分析了集群的创新空间和创新效率,认为集群的创新空间主要体现在协调空间、发展空间、学习空间和文化空间四个方面;集群的外部垄断特性对创新效率的积极影响是群体成员感受外部竞争压力和内部成员间竞争的结果,集群内部成员间紧密关系的存在及满足共同工艺和终端产品竞争的能力要求对竞争者数量构成了制约,能在一定程度上避免从社会角度来看存在过度竞争和过多风险选择的问题,增进创新效率。同时针对农业科技园区地处不发达地区实际,提出了发展企业集群的路径。     

A comparative multidimensional evaluation of conservation agriculture systems: A case study from a Mediterranean area of Southern Italy

To avoid the current paradoxes of the global agro-food system it is necessary to define and implement a viable agricultural sustainable model, combining satisfaction of food needs and land preservation. A possible solution can be found in a holistic production system consistent with a sustainable development model, designed to satisfy diverse “local” economies. The conservation agriculture (CA) could be a part of this model, as it includes a set of best practices available to preserve agrarian soil and its biodiversity. Briefly, we cover the CA background in Europe followed by the evaluation of its impact in terms of private/public interest, using the sustainability’s metric.To test the viability of a model based on CA in “local conditions”, we compare economic performance of different conservation practices (i.e. minimum and no tillage) to that of conventional agriculture in a typical Mediterranean environment – Collina Materana – in Southern Italy (Basilicata region). Our findings suggest that: i) CA can actually be a viable alternative to conventional systems; ii) in Mediterranean agricultural areas CA has yield advantages especially during dry years, when conservation techniques increase water supply to crops; iii) public support is needed to direct farming choices in fact without financial incentives these practices would be not widely accepted and diffused; iv) European policy makers have to recognized the positive benefits of CA and pay them as ecosystem services in the framework of Good Agricultural Environmental Conditions and the present CAP subsidies.     

Openness to trade as a determinant of the macroeconomic elasticity of substitution

Several theoretical and empirical studies on economic growth consider the macroeconomic elasticity of substitution between capital and labor as a measure of economic flexibility that depends on technological as well as institutional aspects. One institutional aspect of economic flexibility is openness to trade. I examine in a Heckscher–Ohlin model with two large countries trading intermediate goods how openness affects the elasticity of substitution. If the technology has a constant elasticity of substitution in a closed economy, opening up to trade raises the elasticity of substitution only in the country that accumulates capital at a faster rate.     

产业集聚技术溢出与创新效应的经济学分析

溢出效应表现为从外部对经济主体带来利益或损失.本文讨论了产业集聚企业间技术创新相对溢出的问题,分析了产业集聚企业技术创新溢出效应,技术溢出与企业技术创新等问题,从而探求技术溢出与保护的博弈均衡途径.     

略论农民专业合作社法的经济法属性

从分析农民专业合作社法的部门法属性的必要性入手,在对农民专业合作社法所体现的经济法的一般属性分析的基础上,着重对农民专业合作社法的相关具体内容所体现出来的经济法"管理型"立法和"促进型"立法所具有的特殊属性进行具体分析,指明农民专业合作社法具有经济法属性.     

加强“三北”防护林工程资金管理的思路与对策

介绍了三北防护林现行投入机制、资金管理状况及使用效益,提出今后加强资金管理的基本思路、遵循原则和建设重点,并针对存在的问题提出加强资金管理的对策。