论GIS在社会经济领域中的运用

地理信息系统是一种新兴的技术工具,它不仅被应用在现代测绘、军事国防、野外数据采集等自然科学方面,而且被广泛应用在社会经济领域中,在管理和决策中具有重要的作用.随着人类获取空间数据能力的不断提高和信息技术的发展,地理信息系统的应用将提升到一个新的深度和广度,它将在国民经济信息化中发挥重要的作用.本文介绍地理信息系统的基本概念及其在经济、管理、法律等领域中的应用实例,着重强调在社会经济领域中开展地理信息系统应用研究的意义.     

Environmental tax policy in a model of growth cycles

Summary. The purpose of this paper is to consider environmental taxation which would control emissions of firms in a model of growth cycles. In the model presented below, the economy may experience two phases of growth and environmental quality: “the no-innovation growth regime” and “the innovation-led growth regime”. Aggregate capital and environmental quality remain constant in the no-innovation growth regime, while they perpetually increase in the innovation-led growth regime. The paper shows that the tax plays a key role in determining whether the economy stably converges to one of the two regimes or fluctuates permanently between them. It also shows that there is a critical level of the tax and that the economy obtains higher growth rates of capital and environmental quality by raising (or reducing) the tax if the initial tax is below (or above) the critical level. Received: April 2, 2001; revised version: March 21, 2002 RID="*" ID="*" This research reported here was conducted within the research project “Project on Intergenerational Equity” at Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University. I am deeply grateful to an anonymous referee for his or her insightful comments, which greatly improved the paper. I also thank Hiroshi Honda, Yasuo Maeda, Yuji Nakayama, and participants in workshops at Hitotsubashi University, Kyoto University, Nagoya University, Osaka University, University of Tsukuba, Yokohama National University, and University of Tokyo for their valuable comments and suggestions. Any remaining errors are mine.     

企业经营业绩评价探析

企业业绩评价是经济体系中的核心问题,正确地进行企业经营业绩评价,无论对于企业的所有者还是经营者,都具有十分重要的意义。本文结合现代经济、技术发展的要求,提出了企业经营业绩评价的目的、主体和客体。同时,分析了当代企业经营业绩评价的主要方法,即经济增加值和平衡记分卡。最后指出在当前知识经济迅猛发展的环境下应以战略为切入点,以责任中心为基础来完善企业的业绩评价体系。     

论会计国家化与会计国际化

会计国际化是经济全球化和金融市场国际化的必然要求,会计国际化实质上是各国的利益相互协调。本文首先定位会计国家化,然后就如何协调会计国际化与国家化的辨证关系展开论述,最后就我国会计的国际化问题进行了分析。     

上市公司过度融资行为及其治理研究

上市公司过度融资行为,严重损害了债权人和中小股东的利益,扰乱了证券市场的定价和运行秩序,阻碍了我国证券市场的健康发展。本文通过分析我国上市公司过度融资行为的负面影响和经济成因,提出相应的治理措施。     

Doing Away with the Sovereign: Neoliberalism and the Promotion of Market Discipline in European Economic Governance

ABSTRACT

This article proposes a critical reading of market discipline and its limitations as a mechanism in European economic governance. Consistent with neoliberal beliefs about market-based governance, the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) is premised on the functioning of the government bond market as a fiscal-policy discipliner. However, the operation of market discipline requires that neither governments nor their private creditors can rely on an authority to bail them out. It, therefore, precludes the kinds of intervention by Eurozone’s supranational institutions witnessed during the euro crisis. In the post-crisis context, efforts to strengthen market discipline continue to be frustrated by the growing reliance of financial institutions on government bond markets as well as the European Central Bank’s (ECB) active participation in those markets. Having undermined the credibility of the market as an autonomous and apolitical mechanism of discipline, European economic governance struggles to come to terms with the rise of a supranational ‘economic sovereign’ in the Eurozone.     

马克思的经济增长理论模型

马克思经过二十多年的科学拓荒,独立地开辟了后来被称为经济增长理论的新领域。在经济增长理论史上,马克思第一次将静态分析动态化、短期分析长期化,建立了第一个经济增长理论模型。马克思主义经济学家费里德曼以马克思经济增长理论模型为根据,建立了第一个经济增长数学模型。研究马克思经济增长理论模型以及后来马克思主义经济学家据此建立的经济增长数学模型,借鉴西方经济增长模型中的合理因素,从实际出发,深入探索相关理论和现实问题,对弘扬和发展马克思主义经济增长理论具有重大意义。     

康芒斯的法经济学思想及其贡献

作为现代西方法经济学的伟大先驱,康芒斯非常重视法律制度在经济发展中的作用。他批评传统经济学把法律制度排除在研究之外的做法。在其著作中,康芒斯通过“交易”这一基本单位把法律、经济学和伦理学联结在一起。康芒斯的法经济学思想主要体现在他的集体行动理论、利益和谐理论和“法制决定论”之中。他对“财产”与“财产权利”的区分及对“交易”概念的一般化都深深影响到法经济学的奠基者——罗纳德·哈里·科斯。而康芒斯将法律制度看成是协调冲突的规则体系的观点,也对现代法经济学中的制度学派产生了深刻的影响。     

国际化背景下金融犯罪趋势与防范研究

经济全球化发展到后来必然是金融的全球化,随之而来的则是金融犯罪的全球化趋势。为此,及早研究和解决金融犯罪的国际化是我们将面临的一个重要课题。作者论述了金融犯罪国际化的特征,分析了我国金融犯罪国际化的一些主要趋势,在此基础上,提出了防范和打击金融犯罪国际化的对策建议。     

经济类(非会计学)专业会计与财务知识模块教学改革研究——基于襄樊经济学院的实践

本文认为,经济类(非会计学)专业学生实施会计教育,要从会计与财务管理知识体系的再组织创新研究开始,进行网络环境下会计学课程教材及教学内容体系、教学方法与手段和实验环节等方面改革与实践。构建现代信息技术与课程整合的“主导—主体—主线”探究式教学模式,使经济类(非会计学)学科的学生在学时数有限情况下掌握会计学的基本理论和方法,提高学生创造性地应用会计信息进行经济决策的能力。