虚拟组织持续创新:内涵、本质与机理

互联网技术革命及消费者需求的不断更新推动了虚拟组织的诞生与发展,作为新型的价值创造系统,虚拟组织以核心能力为结点,能够集成整合价值链上的优势资源,紧抓市场机遇,持续为客户创造价值。首先,厘清了虚拟组织持续创新的内涵与本质。在此基础上,分别论述了虚拟组织持续创新的4大构件即创新动力、创新过程、学习能力与界面管理,及其之间的交互作用,提出了虚拟组织持续创新的运行机理,旨在深化对虚拟组织持续创新的研究和认识。     

农民专业合作经济组织发展的制约因素:基于企业家能力的视角

农民合作经济组织发展中存在着诸多问题,这些问题与企业家能力缺失都有一定的关系。本文从企业家能力的视角,分析了在企业家能力缺失的背景下,农民合作经济组织的发展困境,并提出通过建立企业家培育机制来破解这些问题的措施。     

江西农村民间流通组织协会调查与思考

在中国加入WTO,农业发展进入了一个新的阶段。农业组织化问题,已成为中国理论界关注的焦点。分析江西农村民间流通组织协会这种政府主导型合作经济组织的经验,给中国农业社会化服务体系构建提供借鉴。     

组织与环境的共同演化——以丰田汽车公司为例

伴随着企业生存环境的日益恶化,组织与环境共同演化理论正在成为当前研究的热点议题。然而案例和实证研究的不足导致这一理论至今仍难以有效指导企业的实践。本文基于共同演化视角深入分析了丰田汽车公司组织与环境的关系,研究思路沿着＂组织环境—组织战略—组织体制＂三个基本维度展开。环境分析包括技术环境、市场环境、文化环境三个方面。战略分析侧重联盟战略及低成本和差异化的完美结合。组织体制分析关注以相互持股和资产专用性为治理机制、以下包制为特征的垂直系列体制,以准时生产制、高生产率和多任务能力、柔性生产体系、全面质量控制能力为特征的精益生产体制。本研究旨在为我国企业动态把握企业与环境的关系,提高企业应对环境变化的能力提供借鉴。     

Gold dinar for the Islamic countries?

The Malaysian state of Kelantan has made a historical launch of Gold Dinar and Silver Dirham on 12th August 2010. For the first time in almost 100 years since the fall of the Ottoman Caliphate, a Muslim government introduces Shariah currency. In the eyes of many Muslim scholars, the present interest-based fiat monetary system is flawed as it is incompatible with the objectives of the Islamic law or the Shariah. There have been calls for the resurgence of Islamic Gold Dinar (together with the silver dirham) as it is deemed to be the most appropriate medium of exchange to be used in the Islamic economies. Using data from 1970 to 2007, this paper assesses the empirical desirability of the Organization of Islamic Conferences (OIC) countries to an alternative monetary system (Islamic Gold Dinar) that can potentially enhance the exchange rate stability and credibility. The Structural Vector Autoregression (VAR) method is employed to assess the nature of macroeconomic disturbances among the OIC countries. Specifically, the symmetry in macroeconomic disturbances of the OIC economies is examined as satisfying one of the preconditions for forming an Optimum Currency Area (OCA). In addition, this paper also investigates the output and price responses of OIC countries of the underlying structural shocks used to shed light on the suitability of these countries to form a monetary union. The preliminary findings of this study suggest the lack of broad linkages within the entire OIC, although there exists scope among some smaller clusters for potential monetary integration based on the symmetry of their business cycles.     

市场结构理论分析范式演进研究

通过系统地梳理市场结构理论从SCP框架到厂商策略性行为研究的演变历程,并结合分析经济实践变迁,本文发现,推动市场结构理论分析范式演进的两个主要动因是方法论创新和理论范畴拓展。前者导致了结构主义SCP范式的确立和行为主义的兴起;后者催生了以交易费用为核心概念的新制度主义产业组织理论。展望市场结构理论未来的发展趋势,本文认为,从方法论创新上,博弈论将研究重点转向了企业策略性行为;从范畴拓展上,品牌经济学将开创对消费者行为研究的新领域。     

When do B2B brands influence the decision making of organizational buyers? An examination of the relationship between purchase risk and brand sensitivity

The dominant perspective on organizational buying behavior suggests that buyers tend to rely on objective criteria when making product choice decisions and that the potential influence of subjective cues, such as brands, on buyer decision making decreases with increasing risk. An alternative perspective, confirmed in this study by in-depth interviews with various managers, suggests that brands serve as a risk-reduction heuristic, whereby the influence of brands on decision making increases as a function of risk. Building on risk and information processing theories, this research builds on these complementary perspectives to propose that risk and brand sensitivity relate in a U-shaped manner, where brand sensitivity is highest in relatively low- or high-risk situations. The results of scenario- and survey-based field studies—involving 206 and 180 members of buying centers, respectively—suggest that both perspectives have merit and support the proposed nonlinear relationship. Moreover, the findings reveal that the risk-brand sensitivity relationship is moderated by competitive intensity, such that the linear (negative) and quadratic (positive) effects are stronger when competitive intensity is low.     

深圳社会组织管理体制改革的经验和借鉴

我国社会组织实行的双重管理体制,限制了社会组织的发展。深圳于2004年开始改革社会登记管理制度。2006年底实现了行业协会直接登记,2008年开始对工商经济类、社会福利类、公益慈善类社会组织实行直接登记。深圳的实践表明了政府对社会组织监管方式的理性回归,也为我国社会组织管理体制改革提供了经验。     

中国入世10周年与全球多边贸易体制的变化

本文回顾了中国加入世界贸易组织10年来的改革与发展历程,指出中国对全球多边贸易体制的主要贡献在于推动国际经贸发展、反对贸易保护主义、忠实履行多边贸易规则、努力协调多边贸易谈判、积极参与多边贸易机制建设以及切实维护发展中国家利益。10年来,多边贸易体制的变迁主要表现为力量结构、议题结构及外部透明度的变化。展望未来,多边贸易体制的改革应重在制度建设与反对贸易保护主义。基于加入世界贸易组织以来的实践经验,本文得出了我国参与全球经济治理的几点启示。     

组织冗余和独立董事制度依赖

委托代理理论认为由于所有权和经营权的分离,组织冗余会被代理人利用从而激发代理成本,并对外部监督产生正向依赖.以中国的上市公司为研究对象,本文考察了在最终控制人类型的约束条件下组织冗余和独立董事之间的依赖关系.国有公司的冗余不论和独立董事的比例还是行业专长背景都呈负相关关系,只有在非国有的上市公司中组织冗余对独立董事的行业监督表现出正向依赖的特性.这些结果表明基于组织冗余的角度,独立董事的制度安排受到所有权类型的显著影响.