The power of quality models: The example of the SIQ model for performance excellence

Most contemporary total quality management (TQM) practice is influenced, directly or indirectly, by structured, acontextual and standardized quality models. The present paper focuses on the strategic introduction of one such model, namely the Swedish Institute for Quality (SIQ) model for performance excellence, in a Swedish public-sector organization, which we refer to as ‘the Authority.’ We take our theoretical stance from Foucault's concept of ‘power/knowledge.’ In describing the case, we focus on the management team of one of the Authority's ten regions. Our analysis shows the members of the management team using the SIQ model to objectify both the organization and themselves as managers. However, contrary to many critical or managerial accounts, the SIQ model was not totalizing: management subjectivities changed but were not entirely reconstituted, and some resistance to them was generated by the members of the management team, in their role as professionals.     

Protection and Trade in Services: A Survey

This paper surveys the literature on trade in services, focusing on the policies that are used to restrict such trade, the gains from liberalization, and the institutional mechanisms that have been adopted in the pursuit of liberalization. The paper argues that technological progress and international trade negotiations are likely to keep liberalization of trade in services a high profile policy issue. It also suggests that the research agenda should focus on developing better estimates of the welfare costs of protectionism in the service sector.     

二级分行内设机构设置刍议

在日趋激烈的市场竞争中 ,商业银行要想站稳脚跟 ,立于不败之地 ,就要改革自身管理模式 ,以市场需要为导向 ,建立简洁、流畅的组织机构和业务流程 ,同时要加强员工培训 ,建立一支适应机构改革需要的员工队伍     

The changing nature of the ITU Plenipotentiary

The Plenipotentiary Conference is the supreme organ of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). Since the Nairobi Plenipotentiary in 1982, there has been much debate about the role of the Plenipotentiary and even the future of the ITU in the continuing telecommunications revolution. This article explores the major attributes of the Plenipotentiary by comparing the Nairobi Conference with the five post-second world war Plenipotentiaries that preceded it. Criticisms are evaluated and suggestions for improvement are made.     

Public research/industry relationships: Efficiency conditions

If economists of technical change dealt with the public research/industry interface, the literature lacks empirical contributions. The present paper is clearly empirical. It investigates the efficiency of the relationships between public research institutions and industry from the point of view of the firm looking for solutions to its problems. The empirical work is based on the study of 32 cases of partnerships in France. It suggests that the efficiency of the interface depends on the context (nature of innovations, public research skills needed, duration of relationships, technological strategies of firms) and on the strategies of public research institutions (organizational linkages adopted). Four hypotheses are examined to test these efficiency conditions.     

竞合关系、组织惯例更新与突破式创新——环境不确定性的调节作用

突破式创新是创新驱动发展的重要形式，而以竞合关系促进协同创新已成为企业常态。基于动态能力理论与资源基础理论，探讨竞合关系、组织惯例更新和环境不确定性对突破式创新的交互作用机制。通过对298家企业问卷调研数据的分析，结果表明：竞争与合作均对突破式创新产生积极影响，竞合平衡对突破式创新产生消极影响；组织惯例更新分别在合作、竞合平衡与突破式创新关系中起中介作用；技术不确定性分别调节竞争、合作与突破式创新关系，市场不确定性分别调节合作、竞合平衡与突破式创新关系。该结论丰富了企业竞合与突破式创新关系研究，为企业管理利用竞合关系促进突破式创新提供了理论参考。     

专业化分工、网络组织与产业集群演进机理分析

产业集群的形成和发展不仅是劳动分工深化的结果,也是某种特定交易制度安排的结果。信任的扩展是集群分工发展的基本动力,而网络以它特有的信息、规范功能有效地保证了这一过程的顺利进行。因此,分工不仅受市场规模或范围的限制,实际上也受制度安排中交易效率的限制。政府在产业集群中的作用更多的是要注重经济制度的建构,对基于普遍性信任的交易进行规范,以此降低交易费用,促进产业集群持续、健康发展。     

辱虐管理对矿工不安全行为的影响研究

基于煤矿基层管理者的工作行为与矿工工作行为有重要关联性,重点探讨基层管理者的负向管理方式,即:辱虐管理对矿工不安全行为的影响.利用问卷调查获取数据,并且认为组织公平在辱虐管理与矿工不安全行为的影响中具有中介效应来加以分析.实证分析表明:煤矿基层管理者的辱虐管理对矿工的不服从安全行为和不参与安全行为均有显著的正向影响;应用层次回归分析法验证组织公平中的分配公平、程序公平和互动公平这三个维度均在辱虐管理和矿工的不服从安全行为和不参与安全行为中起部分中介作用.研究结果证实了中国背景下辱虐管理对矿工工作行为的破坏性作用.     

劳动力规模、组织成本与农业生产合作组织演变——基于民国以来的历史分析

中国农业生产合作组织的演变具有显著的周期性特征和地域性差异,但是已有研究只是选择性地关注短期内农业生产合作组织的效率问题及其影响下的去集体化过程,或者只是简单地强调国家强制性制度安排下的合作化过程。本文认为,不同社会经济条件下的劳动监督成本和协调成本差异决定组织成本差异,组织成本差异决定各种农业经济组织的相对效率结构,因而决定农业经济组织的周期性演变及其多样化特征。进一步的研究表明:战争、气候灾难等消极性因素和人口死亡率下降、人口寿命延长等积极性因素是劳动力规模及其劳动监督成本波动的诱因,因而是农业经济组织长期性演变的终极决定因素。利用1911-2011年中国省级、县级的各类人口和合作社数据,本文从宏观层面初步验证了这种观点。