Why do consumers purchase goods and services in the informal economy?

To evaluate critically the dominant discourse that consumers acquiring goods and services in the informal economy are rational economic actors seeking a lower price, the results of a 2007 Eurobarometer survey involving 26,659 face-to-face interviews in 27 European Union member states form the basis for analysis. The finding is that achieving a lower price is the sole motive for just 44% of informal economy purchases, one of several rationales in 28% of transactions, and not a rationale in 28% of acquisitions. Consumers also use the informal economy to circumvent the shortcomings of the formal economy in terms of the availability, speed, and quality of goods and services provision, as well as for social and redistributive reasons, with multilevel mixed-effects logit regression analysis revealing how the prevalence of these rationales significantly varies across populations. The paper concludes by discussing the theoretical and policy implications of the findings.     

欧洲经济发展问题浅析

随着欧洲主权债务危机的越演越烈,人们一直在探讨债务危机发生的原因,但很少从深层次的角度分析欧洲经济发生危机最根本的原因。欧洲在过去的几十年里,经济发展一直仅次于美国,但近些年的发展明显滞后于美国,本文从欧洲的经济制度、政策模式、技术创新等方面分析了经济发展缓慢的原因及未来的几年内欧洲面临的挑战。     

制度稳定性和变迁视角下的我国外商直接投资政策评价

本文从制度稳定性和制度变迁的视角出发,分析和评价了我们不同发展阶段的外商直接投资政策质量,并认为发挥外商直接投资政策对经济增长的促进作用,就要重视制度稳定性和制度变迁对立统一的关系,保持我国外资政策变革的统一性、连续性和协调性。     

EU Widening and Deepening – Are these goals reconcilable?

The paper examines the compatibility between widening the EU and deepening its integration endeavors, with special emphasis on eastward enlargement. After clarifying the broad nature of the accession negotiations under way, it sketches the most critical obstacles encountered in forging ahead with EU deepening, the problems posed by the ongoing restructuring of the accession candidates, and how deepening and widening necessarily interact. Before concluding with an aside on the relationship between the accession process and the EU's designs on assisting southeastern Europe, the paper briefly reviews where the negotiations stand in mid-2001 and elaborates on what may be in store for the enlargement process in the near term.The opinions expressed here are mine and do not necessarily reflect my employer's.     

基于异质信号的资产价格学习机制及均衡演化路径

本文从金融市场指令交易机制出发,将市场投资主体分为市场追随者和自我相信者两类,分析了两类投资者面对由异质分析资产价值信号形成的市场价格的学习机制,且对交易量变化以及均衡价格的达成路径进行了研究。研究表明,单期价格均衡下市场仍存在资产交易,且投资者随着均衡价格期数增加和价格精度增大逐渐撤离市场,较大的市场追随者比重将滞后混合策略市场的价格均衡期数。     

后危机时代江苏开放型经济发展的动力机制分析

尽管成功地防止了大萧条的出现,世界经济仍然有一段时间是不稳定的,有可能存在1～3年的低增长,很多学者将这一阶段成为"后危机时代"。在这一阶段,世界经济仍然会有很多不确定、不稳定因素。江苏作为开放型经济大省,已经完全加入到经济全球化的进程中,参与国际分工,接受国际资本的转移,并且不可避免地受到后危机时代国际经济形势变化的影响。对于不断出现的新形势、新问题,我们需要寻找促进江苏开放型经济进一步发展的新的动力机制。     

干中学、低成本竞争和增长路径转变

中国经济增长模式转变已经成为了共识,但大多数分析限于宏观分析,缺少对微观行为的机理讨论。本文从分析“干中学”的演进机制入手,得出了赶超型的供给曲线,然后针对“干中学”引起的套利型一哄而起的低成本竞争模式加以探讨,从理论和典型事实上理解了中国经济增长的内生演进机制和技术要素组合方式,最后提出了通过供给政策和深化市场改革来推进经济增长方式转变的结论。     

How are internally oriented HRM policies related to high-performance work practices? Evidence from Singapore

This examination of policies relating to the internal cultivation of human resources and high-performance work systems among a sample of Singapore-based organizations shows that the HRM practices under consideration reflect three distinct dimensions: internal staffing, employee development, and employment stability. Of the three dimensions, only employee development was significantly and positively related to high-performance work systems. Contrary to the arguments in the literature relating to internal labour markets, mutual commitment HRM, and high-performance work systems, policies involving internal staffing and employment stability were not found to be necessary components of the internally oriented HRM package.