Foreign direct investment and vertical integration of production by Japanese multinationals in Thailand

We test the vertical model of foreign direct investment (FDI) empirically using firm level information on Japanese multinational activity in Thailand. These data allow us to investigate the effects of both home country (Japan) and host country (Thailand) characteristics on the inter-industry pattern of FDI. For 85 manufacturing industries over the period from 1985 to 1995, we find a positive influence of industry variation in skill intensity and market size in the host country and a negative effect of transport costs on the amount of FDI. These results provide strong direct econometric evidence of vertical integration of production across the countries. Journal of Comparative Economics 32 (4) (2004) 805–821.     

制度缺陷、路径依赖对中国FDI的影响研究

市场机制的不完善,分配体制的不合理,法制的不健全,导致中国资源配置低效,企业缺乏竞争优势,产业缺乏比较优势,资本外流严重,形成巨额虚假FDI.在有限的真实FDI中,由于国有企业的绝对主导地位,使FDI的产业结构,投资决策和投资区位分布不合理,投资效率低下.只有从根本上进一步完善市场机制、分配体制,加强法制建设,才能纠正资源配置的扭曲,提高中国企业的竞争力和产业比较优势,减少虚假投资,改善中国FDI的投资主体结构、产业结构、区位结构、投资效率,最终提高中国在国际分工中的地位.     

FDI对国际贸易的影响：来自中国的证据

本文利用2003~2006年的面板数据检验了我国外向与内向FDI存量与进出口贸易之间的关系。通过实证分析发现:我国的外向FDI与进出口均存在互补关系,因此外向FDI具有贸易创造效应,其中又以出口创造效应为甚,从而使我国的外向FDI具有"净出口"效应;而内向FDI与进出口的关系都不显著。     

Can innovation shocks determine CO2 emissions (CO2e) in the OECD economies? A new perspective

ABSTRACT

This study has attempted to address prior knowledge gaps in the environmental economics literature by integrating the innovation shocks into the Environment Kuznets Curve (EKC) equation for twenty-six OECD economies using data from 1990 to 2014. Foreign direct investment (FDI), exports (EXP), renewable energy consumption (REC), and GDP per capita were included as control variables. The results from multiple empirical analyses indicated that positive shocks to innovation improve, but the negative shocks disrupt environmental quality. Data analyses also showed that a positive correlation exists between income per capita of OECD economies. From the negative coefficient of income per capita (squared) and the existence of a negative nexus between FDI and CO2e, both the EKC and the Pollution Halo Hypothesis (PHH) were confirmed in sampled economies, respectively. The paper offers empirical support for the favourable impacts of REC on the quality of the environment and calls for the adoption of innovation shocks as a policy instrument to formulate better environmental policies for a sustainable future.     

外商直接投资与三次产业增长——基于中国的经验研究

本文关注三次产业增长与我国FDI变动之间的关系。通过实证分析发现：我国FDI主要流向第一产业和第二产业,第三产业缺乏FDI;在FDI存在的经济环境中,金融开放度的提高对第一产业的增长产生负面作用;人力资本水平对FDI技术溢出效应的影响在三次产业问不同;实际有效汇率的提高通过抑制FDI的流入从而对三次产业经济增长产生负面效应。因此,适当增加第三产业FDI流入量,采取特殊政策扶持开放环境中的第一产业,控制实际有效汇率,是利用FDI拉动三次产业增长的有效途径。     

外商直接投资、对外贸易与环境污染的实证研究

文章通过中国30个省(市、区)2000-2005年面板数据,对FDI与外贸的环境污染效应进行了实证分析.对外贸易与FDI整体上都促进了中国经济增长,其中,进口对经济增长的作用较小;出口与FDI加剧了中国环境污染;进口贸易可抑制环境污染,但作用比较小;人力资本具有显著的促进经济增长与抑制环境污染的双重功能.本文的政策建议是,调整出口与引资政策,发展教育,促进人力资本积累.     

外商直接投资与东亚金融危机——一个新的分析视角

关于东亚金融危机爆发原因的研究很多。但是大多数研究没有注意到FDI的大量流入对于东亚国家爆发金融危机的影响。虽然FDI没有直接引起金融危机的爆发,但是它确实对危机国家经济脆弱性的形成发挥了作用。FDI给东道国带来的金融风险往往是潜在的,如果不能有效监管,这种潜在金融风险就有转化成现实金融风险的可能。所以,一味提高FDI的引资比重并不能使发展中国家摆脱金融危机的侵扰,发展中国家有必要加强对FDI的监管。     

FDI和进口贸易对中国的技术溢出效应——基于西方大国与亚洲四小龙的比较

一国(地区)的技术进步不仅取决于本国(地区)的研发资本存量,而且取决于引入的外国(地区)研发资本存量的溢出效应.本文采用扩展的CH模型,将研发资本存量作为解释变量,选取1993年至2006年的面板数据,研究西方大国(G8成员国)和亚洲四小龙通过进口贸易、FDI两个途径对中国的技术溢出效用.研究结论有三:一是FDI的技术溢出效用显著为正;二是西方大国FDI的溢出效应略高于亚洲四小龙;三是我国自己的研发资本存量只是在没有西方大国影响的情况下与全要素生产率存在显著的正相关关系.     

中国服务业外商直接投资的区位选择因素分析

随着服务业开放程度的加深,服务业外商直接投资(FDI)流入的规模正在迅速增长。由于服务企业的经营活动具有自身的特点,其区位决策也必然不同于制造企业。文章试图从服务业的特征出发,探讨服务业跨国投资的区位选择动因,并在此基础上对服务业FDI在中国的区位影响因素进行实证检验。在前人研究的基础上,本文系统整理了服务业外商直接投资区位选择的影响因素,并建立了初步的理论分析框架,从需求因素、供给因素和市场环境因素三个方面分析服务业跨国公司的投资区位选择行为。随后,利用1998-2004年中国大陆15个省市的面板数据进行计量检验,结果发现:(1)从全国来看,基础设施和政府干预程度是影响我国服务业FDI区位选择的关键因素;(2)在东部地区,服务业FDI体现出较强的追随客户的特性,而中西部地区需要加大基础建设投资才能吸引更多的服务业FDI;(3)分时期的检验结果表明,服务业FDI追随客户的特性有逐渐加强的趋势。此外,服务业跨国公司在投资时一直对经济开放程度高的地区有所偏爱。     

Where a contract is signed determines its value: Chinese provincial variation in utilized vs. contracted FDI flows

There are major differences between ex ante corporate investment plans and ex post investments. The case of China is useful for understanding this problem because there is substantial time series and cross sectional variation in the ratio of utilized to contracted FDI (UC ratio), which is less than one in most province-year observations. Provinces may believe that they are rewarded for reporting higher levels of contracted FDI, which would lead to lower UC ratios and higher policy incentives in subsequent years. Alternatively, provinces may be rewarded for reporting data more accurately, which would lead to higher UC ratios and policy incentives in subsequent years. Empirical analysis supports the second, institutional theory and suggests that provinces may increase their rate of utilizing pledged FDI by strengthening their legal systems and reducing government bureaucracy.