我国天然橡胶产品的国际竞争力分析——对提升我国天然橡胶产品国际竞争力的思考

从我国天然橡胶的生产和消费现状及其消费趋势与前景入手,借助国际市场占有率、贸易专业化指数和显示比较优势指数分析我国天然橡胶产品的国际竞争力,探讨了影响我国天然橡胶国际竞争力的主要因素,并就如何提升我国橡胶产品的国际竞争力提出了若干思考。     

面向中亚国家的新疆农产品物流发展战略分析———基于 SWOT - PEST

本文采用SWOT—PEST态势环境综合分析法,对面向中亚国家的新疆农产品物流业的发展战略进行了选择。通过构建新疆农产品国际物流发展SWOT—PEST分析矩阵并结合德尔菲法得出,新疆农产品国际物流业主要位于战略分析矩阵的SO（优势机遇）和ST（优势威胁）位置,因此,应采用SO战略（优势机遇战略）和ST战略（优势威胁战略）来发展面向中亚国家的新疆农产品国际物流业。     

Merger and Innovation Incentives in a Differentiated Industry

This paper considers a duopoly with product differentiation and examines the interaction between merger and innovation incentives. The analysis reveals that a merger tends to discourage innovation, unless the investment cost is sufficiently low. This result holds irrespective of whether side payments between firms are allowed. When side payments between insiders within the merged firm are permitted, a standard result in the literature is reconfirmed, which suggests that a bilateral merger-to-monopoly is always profitable. When such side payments are not permitted, however, it is shown that a merger is not profitable when the efficiency of the new technology is relatively high and the investment cost is below a particular level.     

地方官员涉农经历对农产品质量安全水平的空间溢出效应研究——来自中国地级市的证据

在农产品质量安全属地管理的背景下,从第一责任人地方官员视角研究农产品质量安全具有现实意义。文章基于2008-2018年中国地级市数据样本,结合烙印理论,从地区间策略互动视角研究了地方官员涉农经历对农产品质量安全水平的影响及空间溢出效应。研究发现:第一,使用零膨胀泊松模型检验显示,有涉农经历的地方官员对本地区的农产品质量安全水平的提升存在显著的正向影响,且这种正向影响具有持续性,并随着地方官员涉农程度的增加影响更加明显;第二,使用空间杜宾模型实证表明,地方官员涉农经历对邻近地区的农产品质量安全水平也具有正向的空间溢出效应;第三,进一步研究发现,在不同的经济规模、农业发展和农产品质量安全水平下,地方官员涉农经历对邻近地区的农产品质量安全水平空间溢出效应存在异质性,不同类型的涉农经历中乡镇工作经历的空间溢出影响最为显著。研究结果从地方官员的角度对提升区域农产品质量安全水平提供了理论支持和经验依据,可以通过涉农经历官员的交流任职或加强对官员涉农经历的培养,以期提升区域农产品质量安全水平。     

Increasing yield and farm income of upland farmers: The case of Panay Island Upland Sustainable Rural Development Project in the Philippines

The 17th Sustainable Development Goal aims to enhance the international cooperation between developed and least-developed countries, and the Official Development Assistance (ODA) program is the largest source of external support in the attainment of this goal. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of the Panay Island Upland Sustainable Rural Development Project (PIU-SRDP), an ODA project supported by the Korea International Cooperation Agency (KOICA) in partnership with the Department of Agriculture and the Local Government Units of project municipalities in the Philippines. We focused on Phase II of the PIU-SRDP, which implemented randomly various agriculture-based income-generating projects, aimed at improving the sustainable productivity of low-income farming households. Based on a spatial and intertemporal variations of the project, we exploit a difference-in-difference approach using household-level data. The results suggest that the project significantly increased the rice yield and farm income of beneficiaries. With the opposing views about the true impacts of ODA programs, our study shows evidence of the positive effects of an ODA project on farmer-beneficiaries. This study provides insights for future engagement and implementation of related community-based ODA, agriculture, and rural development projects.     

Use of blockchain in the agri-food value chain: State of the art in Spain and some lessons from the perspective of public support.

The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) of the European Union, in effect since January 2023, seeks to differentiate products on quality, provide greater transparency on food origin, and on the transactions and the actors involved in the supply chain. At the same time, in Spain, the adoption of new technologies for the digitization of the agri-food sector has been proposed as a solution to address structural issues such as lack of competitiveness and innovation. In fact, systems using blockchain-related technologies for food control and traceability have seen great progress in recent years and, currently, the use of blockchain in supply chain management is almost doubling year on year. In this context, this paper investigates the level of development of blockchain technology in the agri-food sector in Spain and its applications for certifying food production conditions within the supply chain, and how it is supported by public policies. It identifies several challenges that need to be addressed for a widespread adoption could take place, such as data recorded on the blockchain, lack of standards, limited scope of projects, and integration of data capture automatically or with other technologies like RFID and AI. The document proposes to reorient public development policies to address these challenges, such as reusing data from, already in place, European data collections for production control and food traceability, educating users and stakeholders about the use of blockchain technology, and fostering legal and technical provisions which ensure system transparency to facilitate a successful implementation of blockchain.