中国 R & D 强度区位分布条件因素的差异分析--基于稳健MM估计的EBA模型的实证研究

依据空间计量经济学的相关理论,运用稳健MM估计的EBA （异常值检验的极值边界分析）模型,采用中国30个省际区域2002～2012年的面板数据,实证研究中国东部、中部、西部地区R&D强度区位分布条件的“稳健性（Robust ）”影响因素。结果表明：我国东部、中部、西部各地区的R&D强度存在差异,且其影响因素也不尽相同。R&D强度较高的东部地区,科技水平、市场规模、固定资产投资、要素禀赋等4个因素对中国R&D强度具有抗干扰的“稳健性”影响;R&D强度中等的中部地区,3个“稳健性”影响因素是政府公共政策、科技水平和要素禀赋;而对于R&D强度较低的西部地区,技术创新和要素禀赋对提高R&D强度作用具有“稳健性”。由此揭示我国R&D强度的发展规律以及各区域间的差异性,并根据实证结论提出一些政策建议,为各地区制定科技政策目标和实施方案提供经验证据和决策参考。     

“80”后知识型员工组织承诺行为一致性研究——基于贝叶斯估计模型和因子分析法的实证分析

随着"80后"这一代人走向社会成为企业人力资源的主力军,关于"80后"人员的组织行为研究成为热点。本文数据来自对企业组织中"80后"知识型员工的组织行为的问卷调查,采用因子分析、Bayes估计、Pearson、Spearman相关系数方法对组织承诺和工作绩效的关系进行分析,结果表明:(1)情感承诺与关系绩效和任务绩效存在强的正相关关系;(2)持续承诺对任务绩效有负影响与关系绩效存在弱的正相关关系;(3)规范承诺与关系绩效和任务绩效存在较强的正相关关系。     

Semi-parametric predictions of the intertemporal approach to the current account

This paper uses the method dynamic programming (DP) by GMM and Canadian data to estimate a dynamic model of a small-open economy. DP by GMM has several appealing features: it does not impose certainty equivalence, it accommodates multiple shocks and imposes few restrictions on the properties of the shocks in the model. Also, since it uses the actual shocks series to estimate approximate decision rules, it produces sample paths for the endogenous variables in the model. The model estimated fits the data well. In particular, the variance of the predicted trade balance-output ratio matches its empirical counterpart.     

IMPORTED SKILL‐BIASED TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

This paper discusses the occurrence of skill‐enhancing technology import, namely, the relationship between imports of embodied technology and widening skill‐based employment differentials in low‐ and middle‐income countries. Generalized method of moments (GMM) techniques are applied to an original panel dataset comprising 28 manufacturing sectors for 23 countries over a decade. Econometric results provide robust evidence of the determinants of widening employment differentials in low‐ and middle‐income countries. In particular, the proposed empirical evidence indicates capital–skill complementarity as a possible source of skill bias, while imported skill‐enhancing technology emerges as an additional driver of increasing demand for the skilled workers in these countries.     

A methodology for the choice of the best fitting continuous-time stochastic models of crude oil price

The crude oil price is generally considered as the fundamental factor in the valuation of undeveloped reserves but it is not the unique one. Undeveloped field value also depends on the uncertainty relating to the convenience yield and the risk-free interest rate. The purpose of this paper is to decide on the best continuous-time stochastic models for these risk factors. The Generalized Method of Moments and the Maximum Likelihood Estimation are implemented to fit the parameters of continuous-time stochastic processes. The results of unit root tests without breaks reveal a mean reversion in convenience yield series. Multiple structural change tests show that the risk-free interest rate can be considered constant. The simulation of continuous-time stochastic processes and the mean error between the simulated prices and the market ones show that the Geometric Brownian Motion with jumps is the best model for the oil price compared to the other commonly used processes.     

Africa's Money in Africa

Workers' remittance and compensation of employees received in Sub‐Sahara Africa (SSA) increased from USD 1.398 billion in 1980 to USD 4.834 billion in 2000 and soared to USD 21.101 billion in 2010. The impact of remittance on recipient economy requires further empirical investigation as there has not been consensus on whether remittance induces “financial prodigality” or investment in Africa. Differing from extant studies, this study employed rule of law, regulatory quality and government effectiveness as indicators of institutional quality. This is with a view to exploring how institutional quality and financial depth interact with remittance to influence investment in 44 African countries (1995‐2010). The major finding from the study, inter alia, is that institutional quality and financial depth play complimentary role in influencing remittance for investment in Africa. This study concludes that the impact of Africa's money in Africa will be enhanced in the presence of reliable institutional quality and viable financial sector. Thus, the side effect of “financial prodigality” that might be associated with remittance can be ameliorated.     

The Labour Input Response to Permanent Changes in Output: An Errors-in-Variables Analysis Based on Panel Data

Using panel data for Norwegian manufacturing, we revisit 'the increasing returns to scale puzzle' for labour inputs. We consider the response of the input of white-collar workers, blue-collar workers, and blue-collar worker hours to permanent changes in output. Permanent and temporary changes in output are treated as latent variables. We compare OLS, IV, and GMM estimates of the response elasticities and conclude that the distinction between permanent and temporary changes is essential. Our GMM estimates suggest that the 'increasing returns to scale puzzle' remains for all measures of the labour input also when we consider their response to permanent changes in output. For materials, the output response indicates approximately constant returns to scale. This suggests non-homotheticity of the production technology.
JEL classification : C 23; J 23     

GMM estimation of a maximum entropy distribution with interval data

We develop a generalized method of moments (GMM) estimator for the distribution of a variable where summary statistics are available only for intervals of the random variable. Without individual data, one cannot calculate the weighting matrix for the GMM estimator. Instead, we propose a simulated weighting matrix based on a first-step consistent estimate. When the functional form of the underlying distribution is unknown, we estimate it using a simple yet flexible maximum entropy density. Our Monte Carlo simulations show that the proposed maximum entropy density is able to approximate various distributions extremely well. The two-step GMM estimator with a simulated weighting matrix improves the efficiency of the one-step GMM considerably. We use this method to estimate the U.S. income distribution and compare these results with those based on the underlying raw income data.     

子空间方法盲多用户检测技术分析与探索

着重分析了基于子空间跟踪的盲线性多用户检测算法 ,并对其内部算法模块进行了仿真比较 ,最后对算法性能改善方法提出了自己的新思路